برهم¬کنش تنش شوری و نانوذره کیتوزان بر روی برخی از خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی و عناصر ریزمغذی برگ و ریشه ذرت (.Zea mays L)
محورهای موضوعی : تنش
سیده نسرین وقار موسوی
1
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سارا سعادتمند
2
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رشید جامعی
3
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رضا درویش زاده
4
1 - دانشکده علوم و فناوری‌های هم‌گرا، واحد علوم تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه زیست شناسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ،تهران، ایران.
3 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
4 - گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران
کلید واژه: تنش محیطی, ذرت, فعالیت پاداکسندگی, فنل و فلاونوئید, کیتوزان,
چکیده مقاله :
نظر به اینکه عملکرد ذرت تحت تأثیر شوری کاهش مییابد، در تحقیق حاضر اثر این تنش بر روی رقم سینگل کراس 201 ذرت بررسی و نقش تعدیلکنندگی نانوذره کیتوزان ارزیابی شد. بدین منظور، بذور در گلدانهایی کشت شدند و در مرحله چهار برگی تیمارهای مختلف یعنی تنش شوری در سه سطح 0، 05/0 و 1/0 مولار و اسپری نانو ذره کیتوزان nm 50 با غلظتهای 0، 05/0 و 1/0 گرم بر لیتر اعمال گردید. نتایج نشان داد که تیمارهای مورد مطالعه اثر معنیداری بر صفات ذرت داشتند. صفاتی مانند فنل، فلاونوئید، آنتوسیانین، جاروبکنندگی رادیکال DPPH و محتوای نیتروژن و روی در برگ ذرت به شکل معنیداری بیشتر از ریشه آن بود. در اکثر صفات اختلاف آماری معنیداری بین تیمارهای مورد مطالعه در بافت ریشه مشاهده نشد، در حالی که در بافت برگ تفاوت معنیدار بین میانگینها وجود داشت. میزان فنل و فلاونوئید، درصد جاروبکنندگی رادیکالهای آزاد DPPH و آنتوسیانین برگ ذرت با افزایش غلظت محلولپاشی نانوذره کیتوزان افزایش و با تشدید سطح شوری کاهش معنیداری نسبت به شاهد داشتند. همچنین با افزایش تنش شوری در هر دو بافت ریشه و برگ بهوضوح میزان کلر افزایش و محتوای آهن کاهش یافت که استفاده از محلولپاشی نانوذره کیتوزان به طور معنیداری این روند را بهبود داد. با توجه به عملکرد مطلوب نانوذره کیتوزان و خطرات پایین زیست‌محیطی آن توصیه میگردد در مطالعات آتی به این موضوع توجه بیشتری شود و ارزیابیها در مراحل انتهایی رشد ذرت نیز انجام گردد.
Given that maize yield declines under salinity, this study investigated the impact of this stress on the single-cross 201 maize cultivar and evaluated the role of chitosan nanoparticles as a moderating agent. To achieve this, the seeds were grown in pots, and at the four-leaf stage, different treatments were applied, including salinity stress at three levels: 0, 0.05, and 0.1 M, and a spray of 50 nm chitosan nanoparticles at concentrations of 0, 0.05, and 0.1 g/liter. The results indicated that the treatments studied significantly affected maize traits. Characteristics such as phenol, flavonoid, anthocyanin, DPPH radical scavenging, nitrogen, and zinc content were found to be considerably higher in maize leaves compared to their roots. In most traits, no significant statistical difference was observed between the studied treatments in the roots; however, a significant difference was found in the leaf averages. The levels of phenol, flavonoids, DPPH radical scavenging, and anthocyanins in maize leaves increased with chitosan nanoparticle spraying, but significantly decreased at higher salinity levels compared to the control. With the increase in salinity of both root and leaf tissues, the amount of chlorine increased while the content of iron decreased. The application of chitosan nanoparticles significantly improved this process. Given the optimal performance of chitosan nanoparticles and their minimal environmental risks, it is recommended to focus more on this issue in future studies and to conduct evaluations during the final stages of maize growth.
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