کاربردهای واقعیت مجازی و واقعیت افزوده در آموزش- مقاله مروری

محورهای موضوعی : پردازش چند رسانه ای، سیستمهای ارتباطی، سیستمهای هوشمند

بهروز رجایی ¹ , جعفر سلیمی ² , ناصر عباسی ³ , خدیجه باباخانی ⁴

1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد زنجان، دانشکده علوم انسانی و هنر، گروه حقوق، زنجان، ایران
2 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد زنجان، دانشکده علوم انسانی و هنر، گروه علوم تربیتی، زنجان، ایران
3 - دانشگاه فرهنگیان، پردیس شهید بهشتی، زنجان، ایران
4 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج، دانشکده روانشناسی، کرج، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/10/04 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/05/27 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/07/01

کلید واژه: واقعیت مجازی, آموزش مجازی, واقعیت افزوده,

چکیده مقاله :

تکنولوژی و آموزش از راه دور همواره جایگاه مهمی در آموزش داشته اند و یکی از جذاب ترین نوآوری هایی که این روزها در آموزش نیزکاربرد زیادی دارد، تکنولوژی واقعیت مجازی و واقعیت افزوده است. تکنولوژی های واقعیت مجازی و واقعیت افزوده مدل های آموزشی- یادگیری جدیدی هستند که نیازهای یادگیرنده قرن 21 را برآورده می کنند. ما اکنون در برهه ای هستیم که آموزش به سمت تکنولوژی جدید پیش می رود، بر این اساس تکنولوژی واقعیت مجازی و واقعیت افزوده می تواند در ارائه مطالب آموزشی به دانش آموزان و روند یادگیری آنان کمک کند و بستری نیز برای حمایت از معلمان فراهم آورد. با کمک این تکنولوژی ها معلمان می توانند هر چیزی را در کلاس درس به دانش آموزان نشان دهند و بدین ترتیب، آن ها را خیلی بهتر با درس و آموزش درگیر کنند؛ همان چیزی که دقیقاً در آموزش واگرا مدنظر است به این معنا که دانش آموزان در فرآیند دانش مشارکت و یادگیری فعال نقش داشته باشند (دانش آموزمحوری). در این مقاله مروری نظام مند بر پژوهش های حوزۀ کاربردهای واقعیت مجازی و واقعیت افزوده صورت گرفته است. در فرآیند بررسی از کلیدواژه های واقعیت مجازی، واقعیت افزوده آموزش مجازی در پایگاه های اطلاعاتی مختلف از جمله PubMed، Google Scholar، Science Direct، Elsevier، Scopus و Springer استفاده شده است. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش از حیث کاربرد تکنولوژی های یادشده در حوزۀ آموزشی، از اهمیت یسیاری برخوردار است، زیرا یادگیری دانش آموزان به مدد این دو تکنولوژی مفیدتر شده و انگیزه، همکاری، تعامل و دستاوردهای یادگیری نیز افزایش می یابد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Introduction: Distance education has always had an important place in education, and currently one of the most attractive innovations that are widely used in distance education is virtual reality and augmented reality technology. We are now on a path where education is moving towards new technology, among which are augmented reality and virtual reality technologies. Accordingly, virtual reality and augmented reality technology can help students learn by providing educational materials and teachers as a teaching platform. With the help of these technologies, teachers can show anything in the classroom to students and thus engage them much better with lessons and education. The exact thing that is considered in divergent education; students have a role in the knowledge process of participation and active learning (student-centered).Method: The research method was a systematic review of research findings on the applications of virtual reality and augmented reality. Thus, the articles of the years (2016 to 2021) from databases (PubMed, Google scholar, science direct, Elsevier, Scopus, Springer, SID, Civilica) with the keywords "virtual reality", "augmented reality", "virtual education" was investigated.Findings: The evaluations of the articles showed that virtual reality provides outstanding visualization that cannot be achieved in the traditional classroom, and augmented reality experiences are an effective way to stimulate the presence and participation of students in online and hybrid education. Discussion and conclusion: virtual reality/augmented reality in the educational field has created interaction with virtual objects in the real environment. Therefore, in the era of the global pandemic, when the entire educational process is transferred online, virtual reality and augmented reality technology can create physical interaction between the learner and the environment, and engage the student's senses, and increase information and experience learning, and research They demonstrated improvements in learning, student engagement, motivation, and collaboration with educational environments enriched with virtual reality/augmented reality applications. In general, the results of this research are of great importance for the application of these technologies in the educational field, so that students' learning can be useful with both technologies.  

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