About the journal
International Journal of Smart Electrical Engineering (IJSEE) is an international journal founded at the middle of 2012. This journal is published by the IAU, Central Tehran Branch, and it appears four times a year. All papers published by IJSEE are rigorously peer reviewed, free of charge and open access. IJSEE follows the uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted, issued by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) code of conduct for editors. All submitted manuscripts are checked for similarity through a trustworthy software named iThenticate to be assured about its originality and then rigorously peer-reviewed by the international reviewers.
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Recent Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Synchronizing of Smart Homes in Microgrids using Whale Optimization Algorithm
Farhad Nourozi Navid Ghardash khaniIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024The household energy management system (HEMS) can optimally schedule home appliances for transferring loads from peak to off-peak times. Consumers of smart houses have HEM, renewable energy sources and storage systems to reduce the bill. In this article, a new HEM model MoreThe household energy management system (HEMS) can optimally schedule home appliances for transferring loads from peak to off-peak times. Consumers of smart houses have HEM, renewable energy sources and storage systems to reduce the bill. In this article, a new HEM model based on the time of usage pricing planning with renewable energy systems is proposed to use the energy more efficiently. The new meta-heuristic whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and the common meta-heuristic of particle swarm optimization (PSO) are used to achieve that. To improve the performance, a mapping chaos theory (CWOA) is proposed. Also, an independent solar energy source is used as a support of the microgrid to achieve a better performance. It is concluded that the energy saving achieved by the proposed algorithm is able to decrease the electricity bill by about 40-50% rather than the WOA and PSO methods. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Microgrid Planning Including Renewables Considering Optimum Compressed Air Energy Storage Capacity Determination Using HANN-MDA Method
Seyedamin Saeed Tahere Daemi Zohreh BeheshtipourIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024Microgrids, with their ability to integrate renewable energy sources, play a crucial role in achieving sustainable and resilient energy systems. Effective planning and optimization of microgrids, particularly considering the inclusion of compressed air energy storage (C MoreMicrogrids, with their ability to integrate renewable energy sources, play a crucial role in achieving sustainable and resilient energy systems. Effective planning and optimization of microgrids, particularly considering the inclusion of compressed air energy storage (CAES) systems, are essential for maximizing their benefits. This study proposes a novel approach, the Hybrid Artificial Neural Network-Modified Dragonfly Algorithm (HANN-MDA), for determining the optimum capacity of CAES in microgrid planning. The HANN-MDA method combines the learning capabilities of artificial neural networks with the optimization power of the modified dragonfly algorithm. The proposed method aims to minimize the overall cost of microgrid operation while considering the integration of renewable energy sources and the storage capabilities of CAES. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the HANN-MDA method in accurately determining the optimal CAES capacity, leading to improved microgrid performance and cost savings. The findings highlight the importance of considering CAES in microgrid planning and the potential of the HANN-MDA method for achieving efficient and economically viable microgrid designs. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A Swarm-based Scheduling Algorithm for Lifetime Improvement of Visual Sensor Networks
Mir Gholamreza Mortazavi Mirsaeid Hosseini Shirvani Arash Dana Mahmood FathyIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024Visual sensor networks (VSNs) apply directional sensors that can be configured only in one direction and also can be set in one of the possible observing ranges. In this battery-resource-limited environment, battery management and network lifetime expansion are still im MoreVisual sensor networks (VSNs) apply directional sensors that can be configured only in one direction and also can be set in one of the possible observing ranges. In this battery-resource-limited environment, battery management and network lifetime expansion are still important challenges. The target coverage problem in such networks, in which all of the specified targets must be continuously observed and monitored by administrators is formulated as an integer linear programming problem (ILP) that is an NP-Hard problem. Although several approaches have been presented in the literature to solve the aforementioned problem, the majority of them suffer from getting stuck in the local trap and low exploration in search space. To address the issue, a discrete cuckoo-search optimization algorithm (DCSA) is extended to solve this combinatorial problem. The discrete operator of the proposed algorithm is designed in such a way that explore search space efficiently and lead to balancing in the local and global search process. The proposed algorithm was examined in different conducted scenarios. The returned results of simulations of numerous scenarios show the dominance of the proposed algorithm in comparison with other existing approaches in terms of network lifetime maximization. In other words, the proposed DCSA has 19.75% and 13.75% improvement in terms of network average lifetime expansion against HMNLAR and GA-based approaches respectively in all scenarios. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Day-Ahead Operation Scheduling of Microgrids Considering Conservation Voltage Reduction and Uncertainty-Based Demand Response Programs
Tahere Daemi Shahram Pourfarzin Hamidreza AkbariIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024The planning and operation of microgrids have become very important challenges in the electricity industry due to the expansion of distributed generation (DG) resources and the development of demand response programs (DRPs). Microgrids generally include renewable DG res MoreThe planning and operation of microgrids have become very important challenges in the electricity industry due to the expansion of distributed generation (DG) resources and the development of demand response programs (DRPs). Microgrids generally include renewable DG resources whose generation is random. This leads to uncertainty in system planning. This study discusses microgrid operation management considering DRPs and implementation of conservation voltage reduction (CVR) in the future operation horizon. For this purpose, a stochastic operation planning model for the next day is designed, which is associated with the implementation of DRPs, CVR, and the presence of DG resources to optimize the performance of a smart microgrid to increase reliability and reduce costs. In this study, DRPs are implemented using time-of-use (TOU) and incentive-based programs. Incentive-based programs are used to deal with uncertainty in the commitment of renewable resources, and TOU programs are used to deal with the fluctuation of generation of renewable resources by establishing a relationship between uncertainty and the fluctuation of generation of these resources. Besides, CVR is applied and voltage-dependent load modeling is performed considering innovation in addition to the format of DRPs to further reduce peak loads. The uncertainty of DG resources is modeled using the information-gap decision theory (IGDT) method. This optimization is carried out on a sample microgrid using genetic algorithm (GA). According to the results, the implementation of uncertainty-based DRPs leads to cost reduction and improvement of microgrid reliability. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Fixed Capacitor Magnetically Controlled Reactor Reliability Modelling Considering Environmental Conditions
Morteza Haghshenas Rahmat-Allah HooshmandIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024The fixed capacitor-magnetically controlled reactor (FC-MCR) is a type of static var compensator (SVC) that can greatly contribute to the availability and stability of power systems. This paper proposes a comprehensive reliability model for the FC-MCR using the Markov p MoreThe fixed capacitor-magnetically controlled reactor (FC-MCR) is a type of static var compensator (SVC) that can greatly contribute to the availability and stability of power systems. This paper proposes a comprehensive reliability model for the FC-MCR using the Markov process approach. The modeling process adheres to actual operational principles and divides the MCR structure into two sections: electro-magnetic section and core magnetization section. Subsequently, the Markov models proposed for these sections are integrated with the Markov model of the fixed capacitor bank to derive the FC-MCR reliability model. Recognizing the impact of environmental conditions on electrical equipment failure rates, the proposed reliability model takes into account temperature variations and assesses their influence on the probabilities of the FC-MCR operating state. By examining the simulation results and conducting sensitivity analysis, it was found that the availability of the FC-MCR is influenced by various components and environmental conditions, which necessitates different reliability enhancement measures. Moreover, a comparison between the reliability indices of the FC-MCR and its counterpart (FC-TCR) in diverse environmental conditions revealed that the FC-MCR is less affected by temperature variations compared to the FC-TCR. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Application of TRIZ Thinking Method to Unified Power Flow Controllers by Converting into DPFC and FSO-DPFC
Arash Hakimy Javad Faiz Ghazanfar ShahgholianIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024This paper introduces an innovative and creative systematic thinking method based on TRIZ thinking technique which can improve the performance of unified power flow controllers (UPFC). This new device is called distributed power flow controller (DPFC). The difference be MoreThis paper introduces an innovative and creative systematic thinking method based on TRIZ thinking technique which can improve the performance of unified power flow controllers (UPFC). This new device is called distributed power flow controller (DPFC). The difference between UPFC and DPFC lies in exchanging three-phase series converter with single-phase converters that are distributed along the transmission line. This is based on one of the 40 principles of TRIZ innovative thinking technique, called segmentation. The basic changes, occurring in the DPFC, compared to UPFC are eliminating common DC-link between the series and shunt converters, and replacing three-phase series converters with single-phase series converter. These changes, lead to more economic and more reliable system. Similar to UPFC, the DPFC adjusts line impedance, transmission angle and bus voltage simultaneously. The DPFC design procedure based on differences with UPFC is described and DPFC advantages in mitigation of transmission line voltage sag and fluctuation are shown; while in some cases, simulation results of using UPFCs, DSTATCOM, TCSC and SVC indicate voltage sags. Finally, this paper introduceس one innovatively DPFC called fuzzy self-organized DPFC (FSO-DPFC) to solve the most important problem of DPFC. DPFC series converter with and without FSO controller (FSO-DPFC) are simulated. The simulation results of using FSO-DPFC, compared to traditional DPFC, shows more system ability to mitigate disturbances in the central controller signals. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Designing a Fuzzy Smart System for Energy Conservation for Common Sustainable Smart Home
Vahid Ghobadian seyed omid Fatemi Behrouz MansouriIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024Iran is a vast country rich with energy resources. Perhaps, such unlimited energy resources were the reason to keep us in a dream of abundance, and as a result, neglecting justifiable energy conservation. Buildings are one of the main energy consumption and waste source MoreIran is a vast country rich with energy resources. Perhaps, such unlimited energy resources were the reason to keep us in a dream of abundance, and as a result, neglecting justifiable energy conservation. Buildings are one of the main energy consumption and waste sources, and regretfully, still many of them are constructed violating modern engineering rules and solely through experimental and traditional methods. Air conditioning systems are still calculated and designed using estimation. However, we have to know such methods are obsolete in developed countries since ages ago, and we shall commence with a new determination and effort right away if we would like to reach the Global trend. Fortunately, many of the ways have been taken before us, and have certain instructions. In late 20th century and upon development of smart technologies, development of communication and internet networks, sensor networks and sensors, extensive efforts and studies started to use such group of technologies to present solutions to improve humans lives. Using IOT to control the house smartly has been one of the study fields during recent years. The suggested method tries to improve the house smart control for energy conservation. The used sensors are heat and humidity sensors with the duty of monitoring smart home. In this article we plan to suggest optimized smart method to control smart sustainable common home relays smartly. The sensors data is entered into the sustainable common home smart control system and is on/off considering the house relays smart systems algorithm. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Coordination Design of Power System Stabilizer and FACTS Controllers Using Nature-Inspired Metaheuristics Optimization Algorithms- A Brief Review
Sayed Mohammadali Zanjani Ghazanfar Shahgholian Arman Fathollahi Sayed Mohammad Hosain ZanjaniIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024Electromechanical oscillations in power systems usually exist due to incompatible conditions and disturbances in the network. Meta-heuristics using search strategy are used to find near-optimal solutions. Typically, the implementation of this approach involves the utili MoreElectromechanical oscillations in power systems usually exist due to incompatible conditions and disturbances in the network. Meta-heuristics using search strategy are used to find near-optimal solutions. Typically, the implementation of this approach involves the utilization of a fitness function to assess the candidate solutions. In nature-inspired metaheuristics optimization algorithms, an analogy from nature is used to generate approximate solutions for practical optimization problems. This work presents a comprehensive investigation into various nature-inspired optimization algorithms, including ant colony optimization, genetic algorithm, and bat algorithm. The primary focus of this paper is to explore their efficacy in the coordinated design of Power System Stabilizers (PSS) and Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS). The objective of this coordinated design is to improve energy system stability and mitigate power system oscillations. Finally, new directions are provided to researchers who work in the field of applications of nature-inspired optimization algorithms and coordination configuration of PSS and FACTS regulators. Manuscript profile
Most Viewed Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Coordination Design of Power System Stabilizer and FACTS Controllers Using Nature-Inspired Metaheuristics Optimization Algorithms- A Brief Review
Sayed Mohammadali Zanjani Ghazanfar Shahgholian Arman Fathollahi Sayed Mohammad Hosain ZanjaniIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024Electromechanical oscillations in power systems usually exist due to incompatible conditions and disturbances in the network. Meta-heuristics using search strategy are used to find near-optimal solutions. Typically, the implementation of this approach involves the utili MoreElectromechanical oscillations in power systems usually exist due to incompatible conditions and disturbances in the network. Meta-heuristics using search strategy are used to find near-optimal solutions. Typically, the implementation of this approach involves the utilization of a fitness function to assess the candidate solutions. In nature-inspired metaheuristics optimization algorithms, an analogy from nature is used to generate approximate solutions for practical optimization problems. This work presents a comprehensive investigation into various nature-inspired optimization algorithms, including ant colony optimization, genetic algorithm, and bat algorithm. The primary focus of this paper is to explore their efficacy in the coordinated design of Power System Stabilizers (PSS) and Flexible Alternating Current Transmission Systems (FACTS). The objective of this coordinated design is to improve energy system stability and mitigate power system oscillations. Finally, new directions are provided to researchers who work in the field of applications of nature-inspired optimization algorithms and coordination configuration of PSS and FACTS regulators. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - A Survey on botnet detection methods in the Internet of Things
Taha Shojarazavi hamid barati Ali BaratiIssue 2 , Vol. 12 , Spring 2023Today, the Internet of Things is expanding due to a wide range of applications and services. The variety of devices connected to the Internet has made discussing security in these networks a challenging issue. Security includes various aspects such as botnets. Botnets a MoreToday, the Internet of Things is expanding due to a wide range of applications and services. The variety of devices connected to the Internet has made discussing security in these networks a challenging issue. Security includes various aspects such as botnets. Botnets are a collection of devices such as smartphones, computers, and other devices infected by a program. This program, which is a herder bot, performs many harmful operations and leads to various anomalies in the network. Identifying botnets is one of the main challenges in IoT security due to their unique complexity. In this article, we have reviewed the botnet detection methods in IoT. Since there are different botnet detection methods in IoT, we need to do detailed research on different botnet detection methods and their strengths and weaknesses. In a way that shows the evolution of these malwares. Concepts such as life cycle, command and control models, communication protocols, botnet protocols, and botnet detection methods are described in this research. In the following, the advantages and disadvantages of botnet detection methods are discussed and these methods are compared. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Distributed Energy Technologies Planning and Sizing in a Sample Virtual Power Plant Using Speedy Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Mohammad Hosein Salehi Mohammadreza Moradian Majid Moazzami Ghazanfar ShahgholianIssue 4 , Vol. 12 , Autumn 2023In modern power networks, once the restructuring of production units is done, traditional power plants will operate as virtual power plants (VPPs), which are actually a collection of distributed generation (DG) units and energy storage systems (ESSs) that form an integr MoreIn modern power networks, once the restructuring of production units is done, traditional power plants will operate as virtual power plants (VPPs), which are actually a collection of distributed generation (DG) units and energy storage systems (ESSs) that form an integrated power plant. Commercial VPPs can replace the current traditional power plants in the near future, because they have many advantages such as organizing distributed energy resources (DER) and hydrogen and electricity storage systems. Considering that energy management and planning of DER resources in VPP have challenging issues, therefore, thoughts such as changes in instantaneous power generation, consumption, energy price and availability of system components should be taken into consideration, so that simulations and future research with problems will not accompanied. Since microgrids have the ability to monitor and control real-time power in power grids, determining the number of DER resources in VPPs is deliberated essential in order to reduce planning costs. For this purpose, in this paper, the optimal sizing of DERs is done using speed particle swarm optimization (SPSO) algorithm. In proposed optimization algorithm, the coefficients c1 and c2 are not constant and is changing according to the number of iterations, which makes the search in the problem solving space more efficient and its convergence is improved by 26% compared to the traditional PSO algorithm. Consequently, the number and sizing of solar photovoltaic (PV), wind turbine (WT), fuel cell (FC), electrolyzer, hydrogen storage and battery resources in a 20-year time horizon will be achieved with the lowest cost. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - A Framework for Privacy and Security on Social Networks using Encryption Algorithms
Hamideh Jashn Behnaz Mahipour Elaheh Moharamkhani Behrouz ZadmehrIssue 1 , Vol. 12 , Winter 2023One of the most important technologies that has affected our lives today is cyberspace. On the other hand, one of the most important problems of social networks is the disclosure of users' information, i.e. the violation of their privacy. Therefore, protecting the priva MoreOne of the most important technologies that has affected our lives today is cyberspace. On the other hand, one of the most important problems of social networks is the disclosure of users' information, i.e. the violation of their privacy. Therefore, protecting the privacy of users is very important, so the use of encryption methods is an important tool in ensuring the privacy and security of shared data users. The proposed framework of this paper is based on AES and RSA algorithms. This framework is designed to be decentralized and takes advantage of the AES and RSA algorithms to provide a framework that prevents unauthorized entities from accessing users' data and messages. Any safe method must be designed in such a way that there is no escape route for attackers and unauthorized entities. Therefore, our focus is on two important parts of secure methods, namely key management and privacy, which the results of this article show, the security assessment proved that our proposed framework is designed to be completely safe and correct, and increased security and efficiency. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Comparison Analysis of Model Reference Adaptive Control, Sliding Mode and PID Controller on Drum-Boiler Level
Mohammad Maghsoudi Roohollah Barzamini Mehdi Siahi Payam RabbanifarIssue 1 , Vol. 12 , Winter 2023Demand for electricity generation is increasing day by day, and power stations must be able to meet these demands. There are several ways to generate power, such as thermal power plants. There are many variables in a thermal power plant boiler unit (steam unit), but the MoreDemand for electricity generation is increasing day by day, and power stations must be able to meet these demands. There are several ways to generate power, such as thermal power plants. There are many variables in a thermal power plant boiler unit (steam unit), but the boiler drum level is one of the most important variables that has a very complex dynamics and it is necessary that the control system can keep it in a safe range. In this paper, two time-varying transfer functions are considered for the drum level (output) to water and steam (inputs). In the presence of parametric uncertainties in the model, the three controllers, Sliding Mode Controller (SMC), Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) and PID Controller are compared to track the desired level of the drum-boiler to different inputs. The results show that the SMC has relatively better tracking results, but the control signal in MRAC is more optimal than the other two controllers and is more suitable for practical applications. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - On the Design of Extended State-Dependent Differential Riccati Equation Controller for Nonlinear Reaction-Advection-Diffusion Partial Differential Equation with Multiple Delays
Fariba Bouzari Liavoli Ahmad Fakharian Hamid KhaloozadehIssue 4 , Vol. 12 , Autumn 2023This paper proposes a sub-optimal Extended State-Dependent Differential Riccati Equation (ESDDRE) controller for nonlinear Reaction-Advection-Diffusion (R-A-D) Partial Differential Equation (PDE) systems with multiple delays. A State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) is MoreThis paper proposes a sub-optimal Extended State-Dependent Differential Riccati Equation (ESDDRE) controller for nonlinear Reaction-Advection-Diffusion (R-A-D) Partial Differential Equation (PDE) systems with multiple delays. A State-Dependent Riccati Equation (SDRE) is a nonlinear version of Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) in optimal control and it is used to analyze nonlinear optimal control problems. Instead of the linearization or the Jacobin procedure, the ESDDRE technique applies a State-Dependent Coefficients (SDC) for parameterization to construct an Extended Pseudo-Linearization (EPL) representation. All of the multiple delays sections in this presentation can be located in the system matrices and input vectors. The control effort of ESDDRE method is derived based on the Hamiltonian equation and also cost function according to the PDE systems. In addition, the L_2 stability is guaranteed by Poincaré inequality and as well as Lyapunov function regarded on the ESDDRE control strategy for the closed-loop system. The simulation results for the nonlinear R-A-D partial differential equation with one and two constant delays indicate that the proposed ESDDRE controller technique is efficient. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A Brief Overview of the Application of Unified Power Flow Controller in Power Systems
Mehdi Riahinasab Majid Dehghani Arman Fathollahi Mohammad Reza BehzadfarIssue 3 , Vol. 12 , Summer 2023The most crucial approach for power and control system implementation is optimal power flow because it yields the lowest operating costs and maintains the safety margins for the control variables. An essential component of the flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) is MoreThe most crucial approach for power and control system implementation is optimal power flow because it yields the lowest operating costs and maintains the safety margins for the control variables. An essential component of the flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) is the unified power flow controller (UPFC). It is designed to provide multiple types of energy system compensation and can be utilized for controlling the reactive and active electrical power in transmission lines and bus voltages independently and at the same time. Considerable studies have been published in the UPFC engineering applications area using various techniques. Due to its versatile capabilities, UPFC is recognized as one of the most promising FACTS devices for modern power systems. UPFC is used to improve reactive power mismatch control and system stability. A brief review of UPFC applications for increasing power system flexibility and controllability has been conducted and summarized. This paper also discusses the utilization of artificial intelligence in the placement of UPFC in power systems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - A Swarm-based Scheduling Algorithm for Lifetime Improvement of Visual Sensor Networks
Mir Gholamreza Mortazavi Mirsaeid Hosseini Shirvani Arash Dana Mahmood FathyIssue 1 , Vol. 13 , Winter 2024Visual sensor networks (VSNs) apply directional sensors that can be configured only in one direction and also can be set in one of the possible observing ranges. In this battery-resource-limited environment, battery management and network lifetime expansion are still im MoreVisual sensor networks (VSNs) apply directional sensors that can be configured only in one direction and also can be set in one of the possible observing ranges. In this battery-resource-limited environment, battery management and network lifetime expansion are still important challenges. The target coverage problem in such networks, in which all of the specified targets must be continuously observed and monitored by administrators is formulated as an integer linear programming problem (ILP) that is an NP-Hard problem. Although several approaches have been presented in the literature to solve the aforementioned problem, the majority of them suffer from getting stuck in the local trap and low exploration in search space. To address the issue, a discrete cuckoo-search optimization algorithm (DCSA) is extended to solve this combinatorial problem. The discrete operator of the proposed algorithm is designed in such a way that explore search space efficiently and lead to balancing in the local and global search process. The proposed algorithm was examined in different conducted scenarios. The returned results of simulations of numerous scenarios show the dominance of the proposed algorithm in comparison with other existing approaches in terms of network lifetime maximization. In other words, the proposed DCSA has 19.75% and 13.75% improvement in terms of network average lifetime expansion against HMNLAR and GA-based approaches respectively in all scenarios. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Controller Design and Simulation High-Gain Nonlinear Observer for Three-Joint PUMA Robot Regards to Adaptive Fuzzy Sliding Mode Controller with Uncertainly Condition
Mahsa Motaei Mehdi Edrisi Ghazanfar ShahgholianIssue 3 , Vol. 12 , Summer 2023In this study, a novel sliding mode adaptive controller is developed for three-link PUMA robot, regards to high-gain fuzzy observer in an uncertainty condition. The studied system has uncertain nonlinear functions, multiple inputs and outputs, and non-measurable scenari MoreIn this study, a novel sliding mode adaptive controller is developed for three-link PUMA robot, regards to high-gain fuzzy observer in an uncertainty condition. The studied system has uncertain nonlinear functions, multiple inputs and outputs, and non-measurable scenarios, and therefore requires an observation design. To design the controller, fuzzy systems were initially utilized to approximate non-linear uncertain functions, and then a sup posable observer is available to estimate non-measurable system states. Finally, by combining the adaptive fuzzy controller and feedback lineari zation method, a high-gain observer-based fuzzy control was developed. In order to this approach is used as enhance performance indicators of the control system. Fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno systems were employed to find the control gain. In the proposed control method, the convergence of tracking the desired reference signal of the system can be guaranteed by designing the adaption's parameters. The simulation results demonstrated the validity of the control method. . Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - An Improved Gap Metric and Stability Margin-Based Analysis to Control Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning Systems Based on Multiple-Model and Model Order Reduction
Pouya Rikhtehgar Mohammad HaeriIssue 4 , Vol. 12 , Autumn 2023To address computational complexity in heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems, two general reduced multiple model control designs based on gap metric, stability margin, and model order reduction are proposed. The difference between two designs lies in the se MoreTo address computational complexity in heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems, two general reduced multiple model control designs based on gap metric, stability margin, and model order reduction are proposed. The difference between two designs lies in the sequence of implementing model order reduction and multiple model techniques, resulting in distinct control approaches. As the number and location of reduced multiple models are not necessarily the same in two cases, the selected models will also be different. This could make one approach preferable to another in terms of closed-loop performance. Therefore, we introduce a model selection criterion to predict the most suitable approach for improving indoor thermal comfort and air quality in considered system. This criterion is based on maximum gap metric, maximum stability margin, and number of nominal models. Finally, two new approaches called OR-MM and MM-OR and a new criterion called MSC are proposed. To validate the effectiveness of our method, we conduct computer simulations that demonstrate their achievements. Manuscript profile
