Mitigation methane emission in paddy field utilizing biosilica of rice husk

Subject Areas : Biophysics

John Bimasri ¹ , Dedik Budianta ² , Muhammad Harun ³ , Marsi - ⁴

1 - Musi Rawas University
2 - Sriwijaya University
3 - Sriwijaya University
4 - Sriwijaya University

Received: 2019-08-08 Accepted : 2021-01-27 Published : 2021-01-01

Keywords: emission, methane, paddy field, Husk, Biosillica,

Abstract :

The increasing of paddy production give an environmentally impact, because paddy cultivation contributes 46.2% of the total greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. The paddy cultivation emission amounted to 76% of methane. Meanwhile, the grain produced by paddy consists of 16.3% to 28% husk with 18 to 22.3% silica. Silica contained in the soil can increase the root oxidation power of paddy, thus it will reduce methane emissions. The objective of this research was to evaluate the reduction of methan emissiom from paddy field by using silica from rice husk. This research used experiment with randomized block design and has eight treatments with three repetitions. The dose of biosilica is equivalent with 200 kg ha-1 of ameliorant in the form of ash, biochar, and compost. The methane analysis was carried out at 1, 5, 8, 12, and 15 weeks after planting. The methane was analized by GC with FID. The result of the research show that the ash produced from rice husk is the best single source of biosilica in paddy soil that can reduce methane emissions by 80.75%. The composition of ash, biochar, and compost (1:1:1) can increase the paddy growth and paddy production as well as reduce methane emissions effectively. The reduction of methane emission by giving silica into the soil is happened through the dissolved silica mechanism. The dissolved silica causes the increasing of pH and the root oxidation power of paddy.

References:

Ali, M. A., C. H. Lee, Y.B. Lee and P.J. Kim.  2009.  ̍Silicate fertilization in no-tillage paddyfarming for mitigation of methane emission and increasing paddy productivity̍. Journal agriculture, ecosystems and environment, 132:16–22.

Agung, G. F. M., R. Hanafie and dan P. Mardiana.  2013.  ̍Ekstraksi silika dari abu sekam padidengan pelarut KOH̍.̍  Jurnal konversi, 2(1):28-31.

Akter dan Shirin.  2012.  ̍Effect of silikon application levels on paddygrowth and yield parameters under ambient and elevated temperature in greenhouse condition.  Digital repository at BAU. ̍ Bangladesh agricultural university, mymensingh.  Fakulty of agriculture.  departement of environmental science, Bangladesh.

Bimasri, J., D. Budianta,  Marsi, and U. Harun.  2018. ̍ Bioavailability of silica on paddy soils with various land aging in musi rawas south sumatera of Indonesia.  Proceeding graduate school of university sriwijaya the 1^st sriwijaya international conference on environmental issues.̍  Horizon ultima hotel, Palembang Indonesia, 26-27 September 2018.

Cheng, B. T.  1982. ̍ Some significant functions of silicon to higher plants.̍  Journal of plant nutrition, 5(12):1354-1353.

Das, K.  and K. K. Baruah.  2008.  ̍Comparison of growth and photosynthetic characteristics of two improved paddy cultivar on methane emission from rainfield. Agroecosistem of northeast India.̍  Journal agricultural ecosystem and environment, 124:105-113.

Dubey, A.K.  2014. ̍ The role of silicon in suppressing paddy diseases̍.  Asian journal of multidiplinary studies, 2(10):172-176.

Ginanjar, R.R.  A. Mak’rufand dan A.H. Mulyadi.  2014.  ̍Ekstraksi silika dari abu sekam padi menggunakan pelarut NaOH.̍  Prosiding seminar nasional hasil-hasil penelitian dan pengabdian masyarakat LPPM UMP.  Desember 2014, Purwokerto.

Guntur, H.  2010. ̍ Pemanfaatan limbah sekam padi untuk pembuatan beton berlubang. ̍ Jurnal Simetris, 8:39-43.

Handayani, P.A.,  E. Nurjanah. ans dan W.D.P. Rengga.  2014. ̍ Pemanfaatan limbah sekam padi menjadi silika gel.̍  Jurnal bahan alam terbarukan, 3(2):19-24.

IAEA. 1993. ̍Manual on measurement of methane and nitrous oxide emission fromagricultural.̍ Vienna.

Indonesia Soil Research Center. 2010.̍ Get to know silica as a nutrient.̍  Jurnal agricultural research and development, 32(3):19-20.

Indonesia Ministry Environment.  2010.  ̍Indonesian second national communication underthe united nations framework convention on climate change: Climate change protection for present and future generation.̍ Ministry of environment republic of Indonesia,  Jakarta

Kartikawati, R., H. L. Susilawati, M. Ariani and dan P. Setyanto.  2011. ̍ Teknologi mitigasi gas rumah kaca (GRK) dari lahan sawah.  Badan litbang pertanian.  Balai penelitian lingkungan pertanian pati.̍  Jurnal agroinovasi, 6(3400):3-7.

Matichenkov, V. V., and D. V. Calvert.  2002.  ̍Silicon as a beneficial element for sugarcane̍.  Journal american society of sugarcane technologiest, 22:21-30.

Meharg, C., and A.A. Meharg.  2015. ̍ Silicon, the silver bullet for mitigating biotic and abiotic stress, and improving grain quality, in rice.̍  Environ exp bot, 120:8-17.

Mitra, S., D. Majumdar, and R. Wassmann.  2012.  ̍Methane production and emission in surface and subsurface paddy soils and their blends.̍  Journal agriculture, ecosystem and environment,  158:94-102.

Panjaitan, E., D. Indradewa., E. Martono and J. Sartohadi.  2015. ̍ Sebuah dilema pertanian organik terkait emisi metan.̍  Jurnal manusia dan lingkungan, 22(1):66-72.

Shinokara,Y.  and N.Kohyama.  2004.  ̍Quantitative analysis of tridymite and cristobalite srystallized in paddyhusk ask by heating. ̍  Ind health,  42:277-285.

Sommer, M., D. Kaczorec, Y. Kuzyakov, and J. Breuer.  2006.  ̍Silicon pools and fluxes in soils and landscapes-a review. ̍ Journal plant nutrition and soil science, 169:310-329.

Thilagan, K., S. Mohanty, M. Shahid, R. Tripathi, A. K.  Nayak, and A. Kumar.  2014.  ̍Role of silicon as beneficial nutrient for paddy crop.̍  Popular kheti, 2(1):105-107.

Wihardjaka, A. dan Sarwoto.  2015. ̍ Emisi gas rumah kaca dan hasil gabah dari beberapa varietas padi unggul tipe baru di lahan sawah tadah hujan di jawa tengah.̍ Ecolab, 9(1):9-16.

Wiharjaka, A., dan Setyanto.  2008.  ̍Emisi dan mitigasi gas rumah kaca dari lahan sawah irigasi dan tadah hujan.̍ Pengelolaan lingkungan pertanian menuju mekanisme pembangunan bersih.  Balai penelitian pertanian, Pati.

Yanai, E., H. Taniguchi, and  A. Nakao.  2016.  ̍Evaluation of available silicon and its determining factors of agricultural soil in Japan.  Journal soil science and plant nutrition, 62:511-518.

Yasari, E., H. Yazdpoor, H. P.  Kolhar, and H. R. Mobasser.  2012.  ̍Effects of plant and the application of silica on seed yield andyield components of paddy (Oryza sativa L.). ̍ International journal of biology.  4(4).

Yohana, O., H. Hanum.,and dan Supardi.  2013.  ̍Pemberian bahan silika pada tanah sawah berkadar P total tinggi untuk memperbaiki ketersediaan P dan Si tanah, pertumbuhan dan produksi padi (Oryza sativa L.). ̍ Jurnal agroekoteknologi, 1(4):1.444-1.452.

Zhang, H., X. Ding., X. Chen., Y. Ma., Z. Wang., and  X. Zhao.  2015. ̍ A new method of utilizing rice husk.  Consecutively preparing D-xylose, organpsolv lignin, ethanol and amorphus sulfine silica̍.  Journal hazardous material, 291:75-73.