Effective Areas and Solutions for Sustainability Education Development in Iranian Architecture Universities
Subject Areas : ArchitectureMohammad Taghavi Bafghi 1 , Hamed Moztarzadeh 2 , Khosro Movahed 3
1 - Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
3 - Associate Professor, Department of Architecture, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
Keywords: Sustainability education, Sustainable development, Sustainability, Architecture education,
Abstract :
Today, given the rapid population growth, development of sciences, new changes in all aspects of human life, and ultimately, the occurrence of unfavorable conditions for the human environment, sustainable development has attracted considerable attention as one of the most critical and common issues at the international level. Among the strategies to achieve sustainable development, education is the most effective mechanism of society to deal with the century's biggest problem, i.e., sustainable development. According to the United Nations, education is needed to promote sustainable development and improve public awareness of environmental and developmental issues. Sustainable development using educational tools, in the first step, requires identifying the areas and factors that play a role in the development of sustainability education. This study aims to identify the effective factors for the development of sustainability education in Iranian architecture universities using the analytical-inferential strategy. The qualitative analysis of the documents revealed that the educational environment, educational system, and society were the most effective ones in the development of sustainability education of architecture students. Finally, solutions were presented to improve public awareness and reform the educational environment and system to develop sustainable education in Iranian architecture universities.
Abbaspour, M. (2007). Energy, Environment, and Sustainable Development. Tehran: Sharif University of Technology Publications. (Persian)
Dias, R. A., Mattos, C. R., & Balestieri, J. A. (2004). Energy education: breaking up the rational energy use barriers. Energy Policy, 32(11), 1339-1347. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0301-4215(03)00100-9
Ahmadi, J., Feizi, M., & Ahmadi, M. (2016). Investigating status and importance of the environmental sustainability subjects in bachelor of architecture. Hoviatshahr, 10 (2), 85-98. https://hoviatshahr.srbiau.ac.ir/article_9434_0.html?lang=en
AlaviMoghadam, S. M. R., Maknoon, R., & Tahershamsi, A. (2008). Promoting engineering education and research in line with sustainable development - strategies. Journal of Education Technology (Technology and Education), 2 (2), 81-87. https://dx.doi.org/10.22061/tej.2008.1289
Azemati, H., & Bagheri, M. (2008). Sustainable development education with university campus design. Journal of Educational Technology (Technology and Education), 2 (4), 283-292. https://dx.doi.org/10.22061/tej.2008.1301
Boarin, P., Martinez-Molina, A., & Juan-Ferruses, I. (2020). Understanding students' perception of sustainability in architecture education: A comparison among universities in three different continents. Journal of Cleaner Production, 248, 119237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119237
Brady D.A. (1996). The education of an architect. Journal of Architectural Education, 50 (1), 32-49. https://doi.org/10.1080/10464883.1996.10734701
Bureau of Public Information (n.d.). Education for sustainable development. Retrieved March 8, 2015, from https://en.unesco.org/themes/education-sustainable-development/what-is-esd/un-decade-of-esd
Green Campus Initiatives. (n.d.). Harvard Green Campus. Retrieved May 31, 2007, from https://green.harvard.edu/
Daryani, M. (2005). Sustainable housing (design of a residential complex with a sustainable development approach). Unpublished master's thesis, University of Imam Khomeini, Qazvin. (Persian)
Dedeurwaerdere, T. (2013). Transdisciplinary sustainability science at higher education institutions: science policy tools for incremental institutional change. Sustainability, 5 (9), 3783-3801. https://doi.org/10.3390/su5093783
De Gaulmyn, C., & Dupre, K. (2019). Teaching sustainable design in architecture education: critical review of Easy Approach for Sustainable and Environmental Design (EASED). Frontiers of Architectural Research, 8 (2), 238-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foar.2019.03.001
Environmental Center (n.d.). Greening Cu. Retrieved June 8, 2015, from https://www.colorado.edu/ecenter/greening-cu
Fadeeva, Z., & Mochizuki, Y. (2010). Higher education for today and tomorrow: university appraisal for diversity, innovation, and change towards sustainable development. Sustainability Science, 5 (2). 249-256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-010-0106-0
Forum for the future (n.d.). Sustainability and system change. Retrieved February 6, 2015, from http://www.forumforthefuture.org.uk
Ghaffari, H., Younesi, A., & Rafiei, M. (2016). Analysing the role of investment in education on sustainable development; with Special emphasis on environmental education. Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development, 5 (1). 79-104. http://ee.journals.pnu.ac.ir/article_3230.html?lang=en
Grecu, V., & Ipina, N., (2014). The sustainable university, A model for the sustainable organization. Management of Sustainable Development Sibiu, 6(2). 15-24. https://doi.org/10.1515/msd-2015-0002
Haghparast, F., & Soroush, M., (2019). Teaching concepts related to sustainable architecture in the primary education system by appearing in school architecture. Journal of Green Architecture, 10 (4). 59-67. http://ensani.ir/fa/article/379143
Hamzeh Robati, M., Mohajeran, B., SeyedAbbaszadeh, M., Javadani, H., & Bazrafshan Moghadam, M. (2018). Analyzing sustainable education based on AHP model in HE:(mixed method). Journal of Environmental Education and Sustainable Development, 7 (1). 19-36. https://doi.org/10.30473/ee.2018.5056
Hamzeh Robati, M., Javadani, H., Mohajeran, B., Seyed Abbaszadeh, M., & Bazrafshan Moghadam, M. (2017). Sustainable university: Prerequisites for achieving Sustainable education. Journal of Development Management Process, 30 (3), 61-96. http://jmdp.ir/article-1-2765-en.html
Hatami Golzari, E. (2008). Traditional Iranian architecture and sustainable development. Journal of Infrastructure Engineering, (6), 37. https://www.magiran.com/paper/594121
Hermann, R. R., & Bonzanini Bossle, M. (2020). Bringing an entrepreneurial focus to sustainability education: a teaching framework based on content analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 246, 119038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119038
Hosseini, S. B., Mofidi Shemirani, S. M., & Madi, H. (2008). Education of Sustainable Architecture in Iran, Barriers, and Trends. Technology of Education Journal (TEJ), 2(2), 127-135. https://dx.doi.org/10.22061/tej.2008.1294
Iranmanesh, M., & Khajehpour, E. (2014). Sustainable architecture education or sustainable education architecture. Journal of Fine Arts - Architecture and Urban Planning, 19 (1), 83-92. (Persian) https://dx.doi.org/10.22059/jfaup.2014.55380
Sterling, S. (2010). Sustainability education: Perspectives and practice across higher education. Taylor & Francis.
Kamran Kasmaei, H., Baratifard, A., & Ghaffari, P. (2011). Attitudes and principles in sustainable architecture. National Conference on Civil Engineering, Architecture, Urban Planning and Energy Management, Islamic Azad University, Ardestan Branch. (Persian)
Khatami, S. M. J., & Fallah, M. H. (2010). The Place of Teaching Sustainability in Architecture and Construction. Journal of Soffeh, 20 (50). 21-34. https://soffeh.sbu.ac.ir/article_100382.html?lang=en
Kriken, J. L. (2004). Principles of campus master planning. Planning for Higher Education, 32(4), 3-46. https://www.scup.org/resource/principles-of-campus-master-planning/
Leal Filho, W., & Pace, P. (Eds.). (2016). Teaching education for sustainable development at university level. New York: Springer International Publishing.
Woo, Y. L., Mokhtar, M., Komoo, I., & Azman, N. (2012). Education for sustainable development: A review of characteristics of sustainability curriculum. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, 3(8), 33-44. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2031102#
Maknoon, R. (2001). Design and implementation of green buildings. Proceedings of the First National Conference of Iranian Civil Engineering Association, Tehran, Iran. (Persian)
Malekinia, E., Bazargan, A., & Feizi, S. (2016). Presenting an operational model for sustainability evaluation of higher education institutions: University of Tehran as a case study. Research on Educational Leadership and Management, 3(10), 53-85. https://dx.doi.org/10.22054/jrlat.2018.25265.1319
Martins, A. A., Mata, T. M., & Costa, C. A. (2006). Education for sustainability: Challenge and trends. Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy, 8(1), 31-37. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10098-005-0026-3
Matsuura, K. (2007, October 19). Address on the occasion of the round table on education and economic development. UNESCO. Retrieved from: https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000154152_eng
Memarian. Gh. (1992). Introduction to Islamic architecture. Tehran: Iran University of Science and Technology Publications. (Persian)
Mio, C. (2013). Towards a sustainable university: the Ca'Foscari experience. Springer.
Mofidi Shemirani, S., & Moztarzadeh, H. (2014). Explaining the Sustainable Urban Community Structural Criteria. The Monthly Scientific Journal of Bagh-e Nazar, 11(29), 59-70. http://www.bagh-sj.com/article_5712.html?lang=en
Moharramnejad, N., & Heidari, I. (2006). Explaining the management model of sustainable development of environmental education for the young generation of the country. Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 8 (1), 68-77. https://jest.srbiau.ac.ir/article_350.html?lang=fa
Mortazavi, Sh. (2001). Environmental Psychology and its Application. Tehran: Shahid Beheshti University Press. (Persian)
Musaei, M., & Ahmadzadeh, M. (2009). Development education and sustainable development. Journal of Yas Strategy, 18. 209-223. http://ensani.ir/fa/article/105114/
Stasinopoulos, T. N. (2005). Sustainable architecture teaching in non-sustainable societies. In the 22nd Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture. Beirut. Lebanon. 13-16. http://oikotekton.eu/plea05/P280-EN.pdf
Rieckmann, M. (2012). Future-oriented higher education: Which key competencies should be fostered through university teaching and learning?. Futures, 44 (2), 127-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2011.09.005
Sadeghi, Z., Mohtashami, R., Miri, A., & Sadeghi, S. (2010). Creativity in higher education a basic step to stable development. Journal of Education Strategies in Medical Sciences, 3 (1), 23-28. http://edcbmj.ir/article-1-74-en.html
Salehi, S., & Pazoukinejad, Z. (2014). Sustainable higher education and environmental sustainability. Journal of the Iranian Higher Education Association, 6 (2). 83-112. http://ihej.ir/article-1-571-fa.html
Teodoreanu, I. (2013). Engineering education for sustainable development- a strategic framework for universities. Annals of the Oradea University: Fascicle of management and technological engineering, 22 (1). 413-418. https://doi.org/10.15660/auofmte.2013-1.2860
UNESCO (n.d.). Towards Knowledge Societies: UNESCO World Report. Retrieved June 23, 2011, from http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/resources/publications-and-communication-materials/publications/full-list/towards-knowledge-societies-unesco-world-report
UNESCO (2015, May). Rethinking Education Towards a global common good?". UNESCO Publishing. https://unevoc.unesco.org/e-forum/RethinkingEducation.pdf