The Effects of Copper Nano Oxide and Prebiotic on Growth Performance, Blood Antioxidant Activity and Health Status of Holstein Suckling Calves
Subject Areas :V. Vahedi 1 * , S. Seifzadeh 2 , T. Yalchi 3 , M. Yazdanyar 4
1 - Department of Animal Science, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 - Department of Animal Science, Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
4 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Keywords: blood parameters, Celmanax prebiotic, copper nano oxide, diarrhea, suckling calves,
Abstract :
This study aimed to examine the effects of copper nano oxide (NCu) and Celmanax prebiotic (PBC) on growth performance, health status and blood parameters in Holstein suckling calves. For this purpose, 28 Holstein calves with an average weight of 36 ±19 kg with 4 treatments and 7 replications were selected. This study was conducted as a 2 × 2 factorial arrangements with two factors of copper nano oxide (0 and 15 mg/kg) and prebiotic (0 and 4 g) for 65 days. Blood samples were taken on day 30 and 60 of the experi-ment. Results indicated that PBC significantly affected final body weight (FBW) and average daily gain (ADG), with PBC-supplemented calves exhibiting the highest weight. However, NCu and the PBC × NCu interaction had no effect on FBW and ADG. Daily feed intake (DFI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were not affected by any treatment. PBC supplementation significantly reduced the time to diarrhea resolution and improved fecal consistency score, while NCu and the interaction had no effect. The incidence of diar-rhea was influenced by PBC factor and the PBC × NCu interaction. The NCu factor increased blood copper concentration, urea, albumin, and total protein at 65 days, while the treatments had no effect on blood cop-per concentration at 30 days. Moreover, NCu factor significantly altered glutathione peroxidase activity at both 30 and 65 days. In general, the results of this study showed that the addition of prebiotics to the diet improved weight and daily weight gain. However, supplementing the diet with PBC and NCu increased blood NCu concentration and glutathione peroxidase concentration.
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