Pre- and Post-Hatch Effects of Eucalyptol Supplements to Water-Based Humidifiers in Broilers’ Incubators

Subject Areas : Camel

م.  ولی‌پور ماکویی ¹ (Department of Animal Science, Maragheh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Maragheh, Iran)
ی.  مهمان‌نواز ² (گروه علوم دامی، واحد مراغه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی؛ مراغه، ایران)

Received: 2017-10-12 Accepted : 2017-12-16 Published : 2018-09-01

Keywords: Broiler, humidity, incubation, eucalyptol, pre- and post-hatch traits,

Abstract :

Direct abiotic environmental factors may influence embryonic development, chick quality and adult phenotype. Supplementing various levels of 1, 8-cineol (eucalyptol) to water as humidity source in broiler’s incubator and investigating its pre- and post-hatch effects to determine the appropriate application protocol were the aims of this study. Four levels (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6%) of pure eucalyptol with 3 replicates were used on 1440 Ross 308 broiler chicks. During incubation, moisture loss on 18th day of incubation, hatchability, and weights of hatched chicks were measured. Post-hatch, various performance factors and carcass traits were determined through 42 d rearing period. Eucalyptol at 0.2% resulted in the greatest moisture loss at 18 d of incubation (12.8%) in addition to the highest hatchability (91.8%) and the highest hatched weight (45.9 g) (P<0.05). The same treatment (0.2% eucalyptol) significantly improved average daily gain (ADG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and the percentage of breast, thigh and back-neck (P<0.05). The positive effects of 0.2% eucalyptol on pre- and post-hatch traits indicate that this new protocol of incubation may be of benefit to the world broiler industry. The potential links between eucalyptol as a source of humidity for incubation and epigenetic modification and/or other modification mechanisms require further investigation.

References:

Aviagen (2009). Ross Broiler Management Manual. Aviagen Ltd., Midlothian, Scotland, United Kingdom.

Bhowal M. and Gopal M. (2015). Eucalyptol: Safety and pharmacological profile. J. Pharm. Sci. 5, 125-131.

Diaz-Sanchez S., D'souza D., Biswas D. and Hanning I. (2015). Botanical alternatives to antibiotics for use in organic poultry production. Poult. Sci. 94, 1419-1430.

Frésard L., Morisson M., Brun J.M., Collin A., Pain B., Minvielle F. and Pitel F. (2013). Epigenetics and phenotypic variability: some interesting insights from birds. Genet. Sel. Evol. 45, 16.

Ho D.H., Reed W.L. and Burggren W.W. (2011). Egg yolk environment differentially influences physiological and morphological development of broiler and layer chicken embryos. J. Exp. Biol. 214, 619-628.

Huth J.C. and Archer G.S. (2015). Effects of LED lighting during incubation on layer and broiler hatchability, chick quality, stress susceptibility and post-hatch growth. Poult. Sci. 94, 3052-3058.

Juergens U.R., Dethlefsen U., Steinkamp G., Gillissen A., Repges R. and Vetter V. (2003). Anti-inflammatory activity of 1.8-cineol (eucalyptol) in bronchial asthma: a double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Respir. Med. 97, 250-256.

Juergens L.J., Racké K., Tuleta I., Stoeber M. and Juergens U.R. (2017). Anti-inflammatory effects of 1, 8-cineole (eucalyptol) improve glucocorticoid effects in vitro: A novel approach of steroid-sparing add-on therapy for COPD and asthma? Synergy. 5, 1-8.

Kirsch F. and Buettener A. (2013). Characterisation of the metabolites of 1, 8-cineole transferred into human milk: Concentrations and ratio of enantiomers. Metabolites. 3(1), 47-71.

Nichelmann M., Höchel J. and Tzschentke B. (1999). Biological rhythms in birds development, insights and perspectives. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol. 124, 429-437.

NRC. (1994). Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9^th Rev. Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC., USA.

Oliveira T.F.B., Bertechini A.G., Bricka R.M., Hester P.Y., Kim E.J., Gerard P.D. and PeebleS E.D. (2015). Effects of in ovo injection of organic trace minerals and post-hatch holding time on broiler performance and bone characteristics. Poult. Sci. 94, 2677-2685.

Piestun Y., Shinder D., Ruzal M., Halevy O., Brake J. and Yahav S. (2008). Thermal manipulations during broiler embryogenesis: effect on the acquisition of thermotolerance. Poult. Sci. 87, 1516-1525.

Reed W.L. and Clark M.E. (2011). Beyond maternal effects in birds: responses of the embryo to the environment. Integr. Comp. Biol. 51, 73-80.

Santos F.A. and Rao V.S.N. (2000). Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of 1, 8-cineole a terpenoid oxide present in many plant essential oils. Phytother. Res. 14(4), 240-244.

SAS Institute. (2009). SAS^®/STAT Software, Release 9.2. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.

Shinder D., Ruzal M., Giloh M., Druyan S., Piestun Y. and Yahav S. (2011). Improvement of cold resistance and performance of broilers by acute cold exposure during late embryogenesis. Poult. Sci. 90, 633-641.

Tzschentke B. and Basta D. (2002). Early development of neuronal hypothalamic thermo sensitivity in birds: influence of epigenetic temperature adaptation. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Mol. Integr. Physiol. 131, 825-832.

Worth H., Schacher C. and Dethlefsen U. (2009). Concomitant therapy with cineole (eucalyptole) reduces exacerbations in COPD: A placebo-controlled double-blind trial. Respir. Res. 10, 1-7.