Influence of Dietary Supplementation of Guava Leaf, Oxytetracycline, and Tert-Butylhydroxytoluene on Growth Performance, Gut Microbial Population, Immune Status, Carcass, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens

Subject Areas : Camel

K.D. Adeyemi ¹ (Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515 Ilorin, Nigeria)
K.O. Agboola ² (Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515 Ilorin, Nigeria)
R.O. Quadri ³ (Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515 Ilorin, Nigeria)
A.M. Kelani ⁴ (Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ilorin, PMB 1515 Ilorin, Nigeria)
A.M. Ahmed El-Imam ⁵ (Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Science University of Ilorin, PMB 1515 Ilorin, Nigeria)
H. Ishola ⁶ (Department of Animal Production, Kwara State University, Malete, Nigeria)

Received: 2021-03-05 Accepted : 2021-09-16 Published : 2022-06-01

Keywords: Salmonella, immunoglobulin, Catalase, interleukin,

Abstract :

This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation of guava leaf (GL), oxytetracycline, and tert-butylhydroxytoluene on growth, immune status, gut microbial population, and meat quality of broiler chickens. A total of 280 Ross 308 one-day-old chicks were randomly allotted to either G-0; basal diet (BD) without additive; G-1; BD + 0.5 g/kg oxytetracycline + 0.15 g/kg tert-butylhydroxytoluene; G-2; BD + 2.5 g/kg GL; or G-3; BD + 5 g/kg GL for six weeks. At 1-21 d, G-1 and G-2 birds had higher (P<0.05) body weight gain (BWG) and feed efficiency compared with G-0 and G-3 birds. At 22-42 d, the supplemented birds consumed more feed than the G-0 birds. At 1-42 d, BWG and feed intake were higher (P<0.05) in the supplemented birds compared with the G-0 birds. Hematological indices were not affected by the diets. GL-supplemented birds had lower (P<0.05) serum and meat cholesterol than the G-0 and G-1 birds. The G-0 birds had higher tumor necrosis factor-α (83.69 pg/mL) and lower interleukin-10 (5.84 pg/mL) than birds fed other diets. The G-3 birds had lower (P<0.05) interleukin-1β and immunoglobulin M than other birds. Dietary supplements lowered (P<0.05) clostridium, coliforms, and salmonella counts in caecum and ileum. GL-supplemented birds had a higher ileal Lactobacillus count than G-0 and G-1 birds. Carbonyl and malondialdehyde contents were lower (P<0.05) in the supplemented meat on day 4 postmortem. Antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity were higher in the G-3 meat compared with other meats. Breast meat quality was not affected by diet. GL could be a potent antioxidant and antimicrobial in broiler diets.

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