The Effects of Indigestible Neutral Detergent Fiber (iNDF) of Alfalfa Hay and Corn Silage on Ruminal Degradability of Ration Fiber in Sheep
Subject Areas : Camel
س. یوسفیان
1
,
ا. تیموری یانسری
2
,
ی. چاشنی دل
3
1 - Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Aquaculture faculty, Agricultural and Natural Resource University, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.
2 - Department of Animal Science, Animal Science and Aquaculture faculty, Agricultural and Natural Resource University, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.
3 - Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
Keywords: Sheep, alfalfa hay, corn silage, indigestible neutral detergent fiber, rumen degradabil-ity,
Abstract :
Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the effects of indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) of ration for estimation of rumen degradability of fiber in sheep. In experiment 1, to determine feed iNDF, four ruminal fistulated Zel ewes were used. Three grams of alfalfa hay, corn silage, barley grain, wheat bran, ration 1 (including alfalfa hay and concentrate), and ration 2 (including corn silage and concentrate) in four replications were put in nylon bags and incubated in the rumen for 288 h. In experiment 2, the ruminal degradation of dry matter (DM), NDF, iNDF and potential digestible NDF (pdNDF) of alfalfa hay, corn silage, in both ration 1 and 2, were determined with in situ method using four ruminal fistulated Zel ewes. Rumen disappearance of DM at 0 and 2 hour incubation time and NDF at 96 hour incubation time in ration 2 were higher. The soluble, slowly degraded fractions, and rate of degradation in rations 1 and 2 were 28.93 and 25.93%; 50.40 and 46.26%; 2.36 and 3.19 %/h for DM; 11.81 and 11.74%; 61.37 and 46.32%, and 1.74 and 2.33 %/h for NDF, respectively. The iNDF content in alfalfa hay, corn silage, barley grain, wheat bran, ration 1 and 2 were 30.74 ± 3.02, 16.84 ± 2.14, 4.77 ± 1.48, 11.75 ± 2.29, 21.32 ± 0.77, and 11.42 ± 0.91% of DM, respectively. The results showed that despite the similarities in NDF content in both rations, difference in the iNDF content could affect on degradability in rumen.
AOAC. (2002). Official Methods of Analysis. Vol. I. 17th Ed. Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Arlington, VA, USA.
Combs D.K. (2013). TTNDFD: A new approach to evaluate forages. Pp. 113-125 in Proc. Cornell Nutr. Conf., Ithaca, New York.
Cotanch K.W. and Grant R. (2008). Fiber Digestibility and Forage Fragility in Dairy Cattle. William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, New York.
Cotanch K.W., Grant R.J., Van Amburgh M.E., Zontini A., Fustini M., Palmonari A. and Formigoni A. (2014). Applications of uNDF in Ration Modeling and Formulation. William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, New York.
Dann H.M., Grant R.J., Van Amburgh M.E. and Van Soest P.J. (2006). Lignin-Carbohydrate Linkages, Lignin, and the Relationship with Fiber Digestibility. William H. Miner Agricultural Research Institute, Chazy, New York.
Harper K.J. and McNeill D.M. (2015). The role iNDF in the regulation of feed intake and the importance of its assessment in subtropical ruminant systems (the role of iNDF in the regulation of forage intake). J. Agric. 5, 778-790.
Huhtanen P. and Jaakkola S. (1994). Influence of grass maturity and diet on ruminal dry matter and neutral detergent fibre digestion kinetics. Arch. Anim. Nutr. 47, 153-167.
Kammes K.L., Ying Y. and Allen M.S. (2012). Nutrient demand interacts with legume particle length to affect digestion responses and rumen pool sizes in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 95, 2616-2631.
Krizsan S.J., Ahvenjärvi S. and Huhtanen P. (2010). A meta-analysis of passage rate estimated by rumen evacuation with cattle and evaluation of passage rate prediction models. J. Dairy Sci. 93, 5890-5901.
Nousiainen J., Ahvenjärvi S., Rinne M., Hellämäki M. and Huhtanen P. (2004). Prediction of indigestible cell wall fraction of grass silage by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy. J. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 115, 295-311.
Qrskov E. and McDonald I. (1979). The estimation of protein degradability in the rumen from incubation measurements weighted according to rate of passage. J. Agric. Sci. 92, 499-503.
Raffrenato E. and Van Amburgh M.E. (2010). Development of a mathematical model to predict sizes and rates of digestion of a fast and slow degrading pool and the indigestible NDF fraction. Pp. 48-52 in Proc. Cornell Nutr. Conf. Feed Manufact., Syracuse, New York.
SAS Institute. (2002). SAS®/STAT Software, Release 9.1. SAS Institute, Inc., Cary, NC. USA.
Teimouri Yansari A., Valizadeh R., Naserian A., Christensen A., Yu P. and Shahroodi F.E. (2004). Effects of alfalfa particle size and specific gravity on chewing activity, digestibility, and performance of Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 87, 3912-3924.
Van Soest P.J. (1994). Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant. Cornell Univ Press, Ithaca, New York.
Van Soest P.J., Robertson J.B. and Lewis B.A. (1991). Methods for dietary fibre, neutral detergent fibre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J. Dairy Sci. 74, 3583-3597.
Van Soest P.J., Van Amburgh M.E., Robertson J.B. and Knaus W.F. (2005). Validation of the 2.4 times lignin factor for ultimate extent of NDF digestion, and curve peeling rate of fermentation curves into pools. Pp. 139-149 in Proc. Cornell Nutr. Conf. Feed Manufac., Ithaca, New York.
Volker Linton J.A. and Allen M.S. (2008). Nutrient demand interacts with forage family to affect intake and digestion responses in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 91, 2694-2701.
Zali S.M., Teimouri Yansari A. and Jafari Sayyadi A. (2015). Effect of particle size and fragility of corn silage and alfalfa hay on intake, digestibility, performance, and chewing activity of fattening malelambs. J. Vet. Sci. 1, 47-57.
Zebeli Q., Aschenbach J.R., Tafaj M., Boguhn J., Ametaj B.N. and Drochner W. (2012). Role of physically effective fiber and estimation of dietary fiber adequacy in high-producing dairy cattle. J. Dairy Sci. 95, 1041-1056.