New Synbiotic-Mineral Complex in Lactating Cows’ Diets to Improve Their Productivity and Milk Composition
Subject Areas : Camel
آ.اف. گورلوو
1
,
آ.آی. بلیااِو
2
,
م.آی. اسلوژنکینا
3
,
ن.آی. مسولووا
4
,
ای.ی. زلوبینا
5
,
آ.وی. راندلین
6
,
ای.ی. بُندارکووا
7
,
ب.آ. شرستیوک
8
1 - Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia|Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia
2 - Federal Scientific Center for Agro-Ecology, Integrated Land Reclamation and Protective Forestation, Russian Academy of Science, Volgograd, Russia
3 - Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia|Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia
4 - Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia|Volgograd State Technical University, Volgograd, Russia
5 - Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia|Volgograd State University, Volgograd, Russia
6 - Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
7 - Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
8 - Volga Region Research Institute of Manufacture and Processing of Meat-and-Milk Production, Volgograd, Russia
Keywords: Yield, profitability, dairy cows, bioavailability, feeding, synbiotic-mineral,
Abstract :
The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a new experimental complex in diets of lactating cows. The scientific and economic experiments were conducted in conditions of a large industrial complex for milk production from cows of Holstein breed (Russia). Four groups of Holstein cows (third calving), 20 animals each, were formed to conduct an analog method research. The cows in the control group were fed with a basal diet. The cows in other groups were fed with the experimental complex at various doses. All indices have been determined by wide-known methods, such as extracting, capillary electrophoresis, chromatography, quantitative titrimetry, atomic-emission spectrometry and others. To synthesize milk, the organisms of cows in experimental groups spent more digested nitrogen on the average by 14.85%; nitrogen excreted from the bodies of cows with urine was less on average by 4.13%. The increase in milk production averaged 3.8%. In comparison with the control group, the cows of experimental groups had higher content of dry matter in milk on average by 0.4%; fat by 0.17%; and protein by 0.1% (including α-lactalbumin by 31.8% and β-lactoglobulin by 36.6%). The milk protein in experimental groups contained more essential amino acids on average by 9.83%, and the milk fat contained more unsaturated fatty acids on average by 1.46%. The milk in experimental groups was noted for a high content of vitamins (on average by 16.3%, compared with the control group), in particular B2 by 10.8%, B9 by 28.6% and D3 by 39.8%. In addition, the weight fraction of trace elements in milk has been found to increase, i.e., calcium by 17.3%, iodine by 36.4%, potassium by 20.6%, magnesium by 18.5%, manganese by 66.7%, phosphorus by 20.3% and silicon by 54.2%. The increase in the milk productivity of cows and higher fat content in milk made it possible to increase the sale profit of 1 ton of milk on average by 12% and increase the level of profitability of production by 6.5%. The study performed has reliably proved that the proposed premix promoted nutrient availability and digestibility, improved digestibility of feeds and their effective consumption, improved blood hematology, increased milk production and improved the milk composition, which led to an increase in the profitability of production.
Aquilina G., Bampidis V., Bastos M.D., Bories G., Chesson A., Cocconcelli P.S., Fernandez-Cruz M.L., Flachowsky G., Gropp J., Kolar B., Kouba M., Puente S.L., Lopez-Alonso M., Mantovani A., Mayo B., Ramos F., Rychen G., Saarela M., Villa R.E., Wallace R.J. and Wester P. (2015). Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of Biosprint (R) (Saccharomyces cerevisiae MUCL 39885) for minor ruminant species for meat and milk production. European Food Saf. Author. J. 15, 4931-4941.
Day M.J. and Schultz R.D. (2014). Veterinary Immunology: Principles and Practice. CRC Press, United Kingdom.
De K., Pal S., Prasad S. and Dang A.K. (2014). Effect of micronutrient supplementation on the immune function of crossbred dairy cows under semi-arid tropical environment. Trop. Anim. Health Prod. 46(1), 203-211.
DeLaval. (2001). Efficient Feeding. Feedtech and Harmony are trademarks of the DeLaval Group. DeLaval, Alpro, Ghent, Belgium.
Dunham J.R. and Call E.P. (1989). Feeding Dairy Cows. Cooperative Extension Service, Kansas State University, Manhattan.
Fernandez M.I., Woodward B.W. and Stromberg B.E. (1998). Effect of diatomaceous earth as an anthelmintic treatment on internal parasites and feedlot performance of beef steers. Anim. Sci. 66(3), 635-641.
Gorlov I.F., Mosolova N.I., Zlobina E.Y., Korotkova A.A. and Prom N.A. (2014). Use of new supplement feeds based on organic iodine in rations of lactating cows. American-Eurasian J. Agric. Environ. Sci. 14(5), 401-406.
Gorlov I.F., Bozhkova S.E., Shakhbazova O.P., Gubareva V.V., Mosolova N.I., Zlobina E.Yu., Fiodorov Y.N. and Mokhov A.S. (2016a). Productivity and adaptation capability of Holstein cattle of different genetic selections. Turkish J. Vet. Anim. Sci. 40(5), 527-533.
Gorlov I.F., Slozhenkina M.I., Shakhbazova O.P., Gubareva V.V. and Zlobina E.Y. (2016b). Optimization of feed acreages structure in unstable moistening zone. Asian J. Agric. Res. 10 (3), 154-161.
Gorlov I.F., Radchikov V.F., Tsai V.P., Slozhenkina M.I., Zlobina E.Y. and Karpenko E.V. (2018). The effectiveness and advantages of sapropel in feeding steers. Res. J. Pharm. Biol. Chem. Sci. 9(1), 583-592.
Hall M.B. (1997). Dairy production management - Interpreting (and misinterpreting) feed analyses. Compend. Contin. Educ. Vet. 19(8), 157-168.
Johnson R.A. and Bhattacharyya G.K. (2010). Statistics Principles and Methods. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Hoboken, New Jersey, USA.
Jones N.M., Engle T.E., Han H., Wagner J.J. and Archibeque S.L. (2017). Inclusion of zeolites (clinoptilolite) in finishing ration of feedlot beef cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 95, 267-267.
Kalashnikov A.P., Fisinin V.I., Shcheglov V.V. and Klejmenov N.I. (2003). Norms and Rations of Feeding of Agricultural animals. Rosselhozakademia, Moscow, Russia.
Kondrakhin I.P. (2004). Methods of Veterinary Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics. Kolos, Moscow, Russia.
Martin N.P., Russelle M.P., Powell J.M., Sniffen C.J., Smith S.I., Tricarico J.M. and Grant R.J. (2017). Invited review: Sustainable forage and grain crop production for the US dairy industry. J. Dairy Sci. 100(12), 9479-9494.
Mighoratil L., Abeni F., Cattaneo M.P., Tornielli C. and Pirlo G. (2007). Effects of adsorbents in dairy cow diet on milk quality and cheese-making properties. Italian J. Anim. Sci. 6(1), 460-462.
Minakov I.A. (2015). Agricultural Economics. INFRA-M, Moscow, Russia.
Ministry of Agriculture of the USSR, All-Union Academy of Agricultural Science. (1983). Methods of Determining the Cost-effectiveness of Agricultural Research Results and Development Activities, of New Technology, Inventions and Innovations. Rosselhozakademia, Moscow, Russia.
Nevalainen T. (2014). Animal Husbandry and Experimental Design. Inst. Lab. Anim. Res. J. 55(3), 392-398.
NRC. (2001). Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle. 7th Ed. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
Overton T.R. and Yasui T. (2014). Practical applications of trace minerals for dairy cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 92(2), 416-426.
Ovsyannikov A.I. (1976). Fundamentals of experimental work in animal husbandry (in Russian). Kolos, Moscow, Russia.
Pasandideh M., Mohammadabadi M.R., Esmailizadeh A.K. and Tarang A. (2015). Association of bovine PPARGC1A and OPN genes with milk production and composition in Holstein cattle. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 60, 97-104.
Pieszka M., Kamyczek M., Rudzki B., Lopuszanska-Rusek M. and Pieszka M. (2015). Evaluation of the usefulness of hybrid rye in feeding polish Holstein-Friesian dairy cows in early lactation. Ann. Anim. Sci. 15(4), 929-943.
Prasad C.S. and Gowda N.K.S. (2005). Importance of trace minerals and relevance of their supplementation in tropical animal feeding system: A review. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 75(1), 92-100.
Russell J.B. and Wilson D.B. (1996). Why are ruminal cellulolytic bacteria unable to digest cellulose at low pH? J. Dairy Sci. 79(8), 1503-1509.
Spears J.W. (1996). Organic trace minerals in ruminant nutrition. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 58(1), 151-163.
Titov E.I., Tikhomirova N.A., Ionova I.I., Gorlov I.F., Mosolova N.I., Korotkova A.A. and Zlobina E.Y. (2016). Influence of zootechnical and technological factors on angiogenin content in raw milk and secondary milk raw material. Int. Food Res. J. 23(6), 2465-2471.
Valpotic H., Gracner D., Turk R., Duricic D., Vince S., Folnozic I., Lojkic M., Zaja I.Z., Bedrica L., Macesic N., Getz I., Dobranic T. and Samardzija M. (2017). Zeolite clinoptilolite nanoporous feed additive for animals of veterinary importance: Potentials and limitations. Period. Biol. 119(3), 159-172.