The Effect of Sustainability Orientation and Prior Sustainability Knowledge on Agriculture Students’ Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intentions
Subject Areas : Decision-making
1 - دانشیار، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
2 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
Keywords: Theory of Planned Behaviour, Sustainable Entrepreneurship, entrepreneurial intentions, sustainability orientation,
Abstract :
The purpose of the present study was to examine an extended theory of planned behaviour (TPB) model within the domain of sustainable entrepreneurship and identified the most important factors impacting on sustainable entrepreneurial intentions in sustainable entrepreneurship. In particular, the study aimed to extend the TPB model to include sustainability orientation and prior sustainability knowledge. Data were collected from 211 Iranian agriculture students. The results of structural equation modelling showed that sustainable entrepreneurial intentions were determined by attitudes toward sustainable entrepreneurship and perceived behavioural control (PBC) but not subjective norms. The analysis also revealed that sustainability orientation and prior sustainability knowledge influenced sustainable entrepreneurial intentions indirectly through their effects on attitudes toward sustainable entrepreneurship and PBC. As a practical implication, educators who want to stimulate the creation of new sustainable businesses could consider the pivotal role not only of attitudes toward sustainable entrepreneurship and PBC but also of sustainability orientation and prior sustainability knowledge.
Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.
Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood-Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
Alonso, M. A. P., Sanchez, J. C., & Maditinos, D. (2016). Entrepreneurial opportunities perception and intentions within European innovation-driven economies under the shadow of a financial crisis. Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics-Vol. 1 (pp. 3-13): Springer.
Ardichvili, A., Cardozo, R., & Ray, S. (2003). A theory of entrepreneurial opportunity identification and development. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(1), 105-123.
Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta‐analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40(4), 471-499.
Arru, B. (2020). An integrative model for understanding the sustainable entrepreneurs’ behavioural intentions: an empirical study of the Italian context. Environment, Development and Sustainability, 22(4), 3519-3576.
Chin, W. (2000). Partial least squares for IS researchers: an overview and presentation of recent advances using the PLS approach. Paper presented at the ICIS.
Chin, W. W. (1998). The partial least squares approach to structural equation modeling. Modern methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295-336.
Chin, W. W. (2010). How to write up and report PLS analyses Handbook of partial least squares (pp. 655-690): Springer.
Cohen, B., & Winn, M. I. (2007). Market imperfections, opportunity and sustainable entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(1), 29-49.
Crals, E., & Vereeck, L. (2005). The affordability of sustainable entrepreneurship certification for SMEs. The International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 12(2), 173-183.
Davidsson, P., & Honig, B. (2003). The role of social and human capital among nascent entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(3), 301-331.
Dean, T. J., & McMullen, J. S. (2007). Toward a theory of sustainable entrepreneurship: Reducing environmental degradation through entrepreneurial action. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(1), 50-76.
Dimov, D. (2007). From opportunity insight to opportunity intention: The importance of person–situation learning match. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(4), 561-583.
Elkington, J. (1997). Cannibals with forks. The triple bottom line of 21st century. Gabriola Island: New Society Publishers.
Entrialgo, M., & Iglesias, V. (2018). Are the intentions to entrepreneurship of men and women shaped differently? The impact of entrepreneurial role-model exposure and entrepreneurship education. Entrepreneurship Research Journal, 8(1), 1-14
Falk, R. F., & Miller, N. B. (1992). A primer for soft modeling: University of Akron Press.
Farani, A. Y., Karimi, S., & Motaghed, M. (2017). The role of entrepreneurial knowledge as a competence in shaping Iranian students’ career intentions to start a new digital business. European Journal of Training and Development, 41(1), 83-100
Fayolle, A., & Liñán, F. (2014). The future of research on entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of business research, 67(5), 663-666.
Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2011). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach, New York, NY: Psychology press.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50.
Frick, J., Kaiser, F. G., & Wilson, M. (2004). Environmental knowledge and conservation behavior: Exploring prevalence and structure in a representative sample. Personality and Individual differences, 37(8), 1597-1613.
Goethner, M., Obschonka, M., Silbereisen, R. K., & Cantner, U. (2012). Scientists’ transition to academic entrepreneurship: Economic and psychological determinants. Journal of economic psychology, 33(3), 628-641.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. (2006). Multivariate data analysis. Uppersaddle River: NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Hair Jr, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2010). SEM: An introduction. Multivariate data analysis: A global perspective, 5(6), 629-686.
Hall, J. K., Daneke, G. A., & Lenox, M. J. (2010). Sustainable development and entrepreneurship: Past contributions and future directions. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(5), 439-448.
Hansmann, K.-W., & Ringle, C. M. (2004). SmartPLS Benutzerhandbuch. Hamburg: Universität Hamburg.
Haus, I., Steinmetz, H., Isidor, R., & Kabst, R. (2013). Gender effects on entrepreneurial intention: a meta‐analytical structural equation model. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship.
Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. New York: Guilford publications.
Heeren, A. J., Singh, A. S., Zwickle, A., Koontz, T. M., Slagle, K. M., & McCreery, A. C. (2016). Is sustainability knowledge half the battle? An examination of sustainability knowledge, attitudes, norms, and efficacy to understand sustainable behaviours. International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 17(5), 613-632.
Henseler, J., Hubona, G., & Ray, P. A. (2016). Using PLS path modeling in new technology research: updated guidelines. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(1), 2-20
Hewlett, S. A., Sherbin, L., & Sumberg, K. (2009). How Gen Y and Boomers will reshape your agenda. Harvard Business Review, 87(7-8), 71-76.
Hockerts, K. (2015). The social entrepreneurial antecedents scale (SEAS): a validation study. Social Enterprise Journal, 11(3), 260-280
Hooi, H. C., Ahmad, N. H., Amran, A., & Rahman, S. A. (2016). The functional role of entrepreneurial orientation and entrepreneurial bricolage in ensuring sustainable entrepreneurship. Management Research Review, 39(12), 1616-1638
Hummels, H., & Argyrou, A. (2021). Planetary demands: Redefining sustainable development and sustainable entrepreneurship. Journal of Cleaner Production, 278, 123804.
Karimi, S. (2020). The role of entrepreneurial passion in the formation of students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Applied Economics, 52(3), 331-344.
Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2016). The impact of entrepreneurship education: A study of Iranian students' entrepreneurial intentions and opportunity identification. Journal of Small Business Management, 54(1), 187-209.
Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J., Lans, T., & Mulder, M. (2021). Understanding the role of cultural orientations in the formation of entrepreneurial intentions in Iran. Journal of Career Development, 48(5), 619–637.
Karimi, S., Biemans, H. J., Naderi Mahdei, K., Lans, T., Chizari, M., & Mulder, M. (2017). Testing the relationship between personality characteristics, contextual factors and entrepreneurial intentions in a developing country. International Journal of Psychology, 52(3), 227-240.
Karimi, S., & Makreet, A. S. (2020). The role of personal values in forming students’ entrepreneurial intentions in developing countries. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 525844..
Kautonen, T., Van Gelderen, M., & Fink, M. (2015). Robustness of the theory of planned behavior in predicting entrepreneurial intentions and actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(3), 655-674.
Koe, W.-L., & Majid, I. A. (2014). A model for predicting intention towards sustainable entrepreneurship. International Journal of Information, Business and Management, 6(2), 256.
Koellinger, P., Minniti, M., & Schade, C. (2007). “I think I can, I think I can”: Overconfidence and entrepreneurial behavior. Journal of economic psychology, 28(4), 502-527.
Kolvereid, L., & Isaksen, E. (2006). New business start-up and subsequent entry into self-employment. Journal of Business Venturing, 21(6), 866-885.
Kuckertz, A., & Wagner, M. (2010). The influence of sustainability orientation on entrepreneurial intentions—Investigating the role of business experience. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(5), 524-539.
Langowitz, N., & Minniti, M. (2007). The entrepreneurial propensity of women. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 31(3), 341-364.
Liñán, F., & Chen, Y. W. (2009). Development and cross–cultural application of a specific instrument to measure entrepreneurial intentions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 593-617.
Liñán, F., & Fayolle, A. (2015). A systematic literature review on entrepreneurial intentions: citation, thematic analyses, and research agenda. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 11(4), 907-933.
Liñán, F., Nabi, G., & Krueger, N. (2013). British and Spanish entrepreneurial intentions: A comparative study. Revista de economía Mundial(33), 73-103.
Majid, I. A., & Koe, W.-L. (2012). Sustainable entrepreneurship (SE): A revised model based on triple bottom line (TBL). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 2(6), 293.
Moriano, J. A., Gorgievski, M., Laguna, M., Stephan, U., & Zarafshani, K. (2012). A cross-cultural approach to understanding entrepreneurial intention. Journal of Career Development, 39(2), 162-185.
Muñoz, P., & Cohen, B. (2017). Towards a social-ecological understanding of sustainable venturing. Journal of Business Venturing Insights, 7, 1-8.
Muñoz, P., & Dimov, D. (2015). The call of the whole in understanding the development of sustainable ventures. Journal of Business Venturing, 30(4), 632-654.
Obschonka, M., Silbereisen, R. K., Cantner, U., & Goethner, M. (2015). Entrepreneurial self-identity: predictors and effects within the theory of planned behavior framework. Journal of Business and Psychology, 30(4), 773-794.
Okazaki, S., & Taylor, C. R. (2008). What is SMS advertising and why do multinationals adopt it? Answers from an empirical study in European markets. Journal of Business Research, 6(1), 4-12.
Pacheco, D. F., Dean, T. J., & Payne, D. S. (2010). Escaping the green prison: Entrepreneurship and the creation of opportunities for sustainable development. Journal of Business Venturing, 25(5), 464-480.
Patzelt, H., & Shepherd, D. A. (2011). Recognizing opportunities for sustainable development. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(4), 631-652.
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879-891.
Rauch, A., & Hulsink, W. (2015). Putting entrepreneurship education where the intention to act lies: An investigation into the impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial behavior. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 14(2), 187-204.
Roxas, B. (2014). Effects of entrepreneurial knowledge on entrepreneurial intentions: a longitudinal study of selected South-east Asian business students. Journal of Education and Work, 27(4), 432-453.
Schaltegger, S., & Wagner, M. (2011). Sustainable entrepreneurship and sustainability innovation: categories and interactions. Business Strategy and The Environment, 20(4), 222-237.
Schaper, M. (2002). Introduction: the essence of ecopreneurship. Greener Management International(38), 26-30.
Shepherd, D. A., & DeTienne, D. R. (2005). Prior knowledge, potential financial reward, and opportunity identification. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 29(1), 91-112.
Shepherd, D. A., & Patzelt, H. (2011). The new field of sustainable entrepreneurship: Studying entrepreneurial action linking “what is to be sustained” with “what is to be developed”. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 35(1), 137-163.
Sher, A., Abbas, A., Mazhar, S., Azadi, H., & Lin, G. (2020). Fostering sustainable ventures: Drivers of sustainable start-up intentions among aspiring entrepreneurs in Pakistan. Journal of Cleaner Production, 262, 121269.
Silajdžić, I., Kurtagić, S. M., & Vučijak, B. (2015). Green entrepreneurship in transition economies: a case study of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Journal of Cleaner Production, 88, 376-384.
Sommer, L., & Haug, M. (2011). Intention as a cognitive antecedent to international entrepreneurship—understanding the moderating roles of knowledge and experience. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 7(1), 111-142.
Souitaris, V., Zerbinati, S., & Al-Laham, A. (2007). Do entrepreneurship programmes raise entrepreneurial intention of science and engineering students? The effect of learning, inspiration and resources. Journal of Business Venturing, 22(4), 566-591.
Stewart Jr, W. H., Watson, W. E., Carland, J. C., & Carland, J. W. (1999). A proclivity for entrepreneurship: A comparison of entrepreneurs, small business owners, and corporate managers. Journal of Business Venturing, 14(2), 189-214.
Sung, C. S., & Park, J. Y. (2018). Sustainability orientation and entrepreneurship orientation: is there a tradeoff relationship between them? Sustainability, 10(2), 379.
Tang, J., Kacmar, K. M. M., & Busenitz, L. (2012). Entrepreneurial alertness in the pursuit of new opportunities. Journal of Business Venturing, 27(1), 77-94.
Thelken, H. N., & de Jong, G. (2020). The impact of values and future orientation on intention formation within sustainable entrepreneurship. Journal of Cleaner Production, 266, 122052.
Tilley, F., & Young, W. (2009). Sustainability Entrepreneurs. Greener Management International, 55, 79-92.
Urban, B., & Kujinga, L. (2017). The institutional environment and social entrepreneurship intentions. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 23(4), 638-655
Verheul, I., Thurik, R., Grilo, I., & Van der Zwan, P. (2012). Explaining preferences and actual involvement in self-employment: Gender and the entrepreneurial personality. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33(2), 325-341.
Von Graevenitz, G., Harhoff, D., & Weber, R. (2010). The effects of entrepreneurship education. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 76(1), 90-112.
Vuorio, A. M., Puumalainen, K., & Fellnhofer, K. (2018). Drivers of entrepreneurial intentions in sustainable entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research, 24(2), 359-381
Weber, R. (2012). Evaluating entrepreneurship education: Springer Science & Business Media.
Wong, P. K., Ho, Y. P., & Autio, E. (2005). Entrepreneurship, innovation and economic growth: Evidence from GEM data. Small Business Economics, 24(3), 335-350.
Zu, L. (2014). International perspective on sustainable entrepreneurship Sustainable Entrepreneurship (pp. 67-100): Springer.