ارائه مدل معادلات ساختاری مدرسه هوشمند در راستای ارتقای آموزش آنلاین
محورهای موضوعی :حبیبه خدایی 1 , غفار تاری 2 , امید علی حسین زاده 3
1 - دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت آموزشی، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران
2 - استادیار گروه مدیریت، واحد مرند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرند، ایران
3 - استادیارگروه مدیریت آموزشی، واحد شبستر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شبستر، ایران
کلید واژه: واژگان کلیدی: مدرسه هوشمند, آموزش آنلاین, معادلات ساختاری, مدل,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه مدل معادلات ساختاری مدرسه هوشمند در راستای ارتقای آموزش آنلاین می‌باشد. این پژوهش به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و به لحاظ ماهیت جزء پژوهش‌های آمیخته (کمی و کیفی) می¬باشد. در بخش کیفی از روش نظریه‌سازی داده‌بنیاد و در بخش کمی از روش تحلیل عاملی تاییدی و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری استفاده شد.ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها در بخش کیفی، مصاحبه ساختارمند بود. مشارکت‌کنندگان بطور هدفمند از بین خبرگان حوزه مدیریت آموزشی و فناوری اطلاعات انتخاب شدند. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها بعد از 16 مصاحبه با رسیدن به اشباع نظری متوقف گردید. جامعه آماری در بخش کمّی معلمان و سرگروه‌های آموزشی مدارس دوره دوم بودند که با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، 318 نفر به عنوان نمونه و به روش تصادفی طبقه‌ای انتخاب شدند. در بخش کیفی ، داده‌های مصاحبه در سه مرحله کدگذاری باز، محوری و گزینشی مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت و تعداد 544 کد اولیه و 38 کد ثانویه شناسایی شد و در نهایت مدل مدرسه هوشمند در راستای ارتقای آموزش آنلاین طراحی شد. با توجه به نتایج بدست‌آمده، شرایط علی شامل عوامل (اقتصادی، فرهنگی، اجتماعی- خانواده، فیزیکی، تکنولوژیکی، روان‌شناختی، سیاسی، قانونی و مدیریتی)، زمینه‌ای شامل (فرهنگی، مدیریتی، قانونی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی و روان‌شناختی)، مداخله‌ای شامل (مدیریتی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی، تکنولوژیکی، روان‌شناختی، فرهنگی و قانونی)، راهبردها شامل (اقتصادی، فرهنگی، قانونی، فناوری، نیروی انسانی و آموزشی) و پیامدها شامل (اجتماعی، اقتصادی، آموزشی، اخلاقی) شناسایی شد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی تاییدی همه عوامل شناسایی‌شده در مدل پارادایمی را تایید کرد و مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که مدل طراحی‌شده از برازش قوی برخوردار است.
Abstract The aim of this research is to Presenting the structural equation model of smart school in order to improve online education. The objective of the study is to address both application use cases and their challenges considering quantitative and qualitative factors. In the qualitative part, the "grounded theory" method and in the quantitative part, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used.The data collection tool in the qualitative part was a structured interview. The participants were selected purposefully from among experts in the field of educational management and information technology. After 16 interviews, it was stopped .The statistical population in the quantitative part was teachers of secondary schools, Using Cochran's formula, 318 people were selected randomly using stratified sampling. In the qualitative part, the interview data were analyzed in three stages of open, central, and selective coding, and 544 primary codes and 38 secondary codes were identified, finally, the model of the smart school was designed to promote online education. According to the obtained results, the causal conditions include (economic, cultural, social-family, physical, technological, psychological, political, legal and managerial), context (cultural, managerial, legal, social), intervention (management, social, economic, technological, psychological), strategies (economic, cultural, legal, technological, human and educational strategies) and consequences (social, economic, ethical consequences, physical and time problems). According to the results of the confirmatory factor analysis, it can be concluded that the proposed models confirm all the factors identified in the paradigmatic model. Also, structural equation modeling showed that the designed model has a goodness of fit.
References
Adib Haj Bagheri, M., Ghanbari Afra , L., Ghanbari Afra, M., Zahiri A. (2023). Designing a Virtual Education Scenario for the Curriculum of Bachelor's Degree Nursing Students based on the Logic Model. Journal of Horizon of Medical Education Development. 14(3). https://hmed.mums.ac.ir/article_23148.html. [In Persian].
Akmoli, M., &Vahedi, M.(2016). Examining the positive and negative effects of the Internet on users. The 5th National Conference on the Development and Promotion of Educational Sciences, sychology, Advice and Education in Iran:2016 January 12: Tehran, Iran. https://civilica.com/doc/686901. [In Persian].
Akrami, F., Daroudi, H. (2021). Management challenges and its impact on online education during the Corona pandemic. The first national conference on organization and management research. 2021 April 20: Tehran, Iran. https://civilica.com/doc/1202238. [In Persian].
Alimardani, Z., Asadi, M. (2022). Grounded model for online education improvement strategies during the Covid-19 pandemic. Journal of Nursing Research. 2022; August17 (3) :67-86. URL: http://ijnr.ir/article-1-2617-fa.html. [In Persian].
Amiri khamkani, A.,Manzari tavkoli,H.,Bahrineizadeh, A.,Andishmand, V.(2024). Analyzing the effectiveness of the education process in the framework of Shad virtual school, based on SWOT analysis. Quarterly Journal of Information and Communication Technology in Educationl Sciences, 14 (4), pp. 5-31. [In Persian].
Aroonsrimarakot, S., Laiphrakpam, M., Chathiphot, P. et al. (2023). Online learning challenges in Thailand and strategies to overcome the challenges from the students’ perspectives. Educ Inf Technol 28, 8153–8170 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11530-61
Bozkurt, A., J. Xiao, A. Pazurek, H. Crompton, S. Koseoglu, R. Farrow, M. Bond, et al. ( 2023). Speculative Futures on ChatGPT and Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI): A Collective Reflection from the Educational Landscape. Asian Journal of Distance Education .18 (1): 53–130. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7636568.
Bagheri Majd, R., Sedghi, N. (2017). Designing the e-learning preparation model in the educational system of the Islamic Azad University of Mahabad. Journal of Information and communication technology in educational sciences. 2017; (4 (consecutive 28), 149-172. https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=309579. [In Persian].
Ebrahimi, M., Alishah, F., Zamanipour, F. (2021). Identify and analyze the opportunities and challenges of students' virtual education. Journal of New Educational Approaches. 2021, P:15-32. https://nea.ui.ac.ir/article_26778_e5f961b7b531a1d72ffb74c5b78355b0.pdf. [In Persian].
Howard III, F. A. (2008). Information communication technology and Liberia with respect to globalization, http://thesisabstracts.com
Haji J., Mohammadi Mehr M., Mohammadi Azar H. (2021). Describing the Problems of virtual Education via Shad application in Corona Pandemic: This is a phenomenological study. Quarterly Journal of Information and Communication Technology in Educationl Sciences, 11 (3), pp. 153-174 (In Persian).
Koponen, E. (2008). The development, implementation and use of e-learning: Critical realism and design science perspective (PhD Dissertation). Finland: Department of computer sciences. Retrieved on January 23rd, 2009 from: http://www.digibusiness.fi/uploads/reports/1236085810_Koponen%20 Erkki. pdf
Lee, K., M. Fanguy, B. Bligh, and X. S. Lu. (2022). Adoption of Online Teaching During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Analysis of Changes in University Teaching Activity. Educational Review, 1–24. doi:10.1080/00131911.2021.1978401.
Le Blanc, A., & Wands, M. (2001). Critical Success Factors: e-Learning Solutions Cappuccino. The Official E-Newsletter of the Change and Learning Practice, 2.
Moradi, J., Yarahamdi ,Y., Gudarzi , M., Moradi O. (2022). Investigating the Mediating Role of Academic Self-efficacy in the Relationship between Success Factors and Student Achievement Motivation]. Journal of Sociology of Education. 2022; 8(1): 122-136. doi: 10.22034/ijes.2021.529737.1052
Mahmoudi, J., Nalchigar, S., Babak Ebrahimi, S., Sadeghi Moghadam, M, R. (2009). Investigating the challenges of smart schools development in Iran. Journal of Educational innovations. 2009; 7(4): 61-78
Muyednia F. (2004). Smart schools are a new approach in the country's education. Journal of Link Magazine. 2004; No. 314, December, pp. 21-27
Mahmood, S. (2021). Instructional strategies for online teaching in COVID‐19 pandemic. Human Behavior and Emerging Technologies, 3(1), 199-203.
Mogas, J., Palau, R., Fuentes, M. et al. (2022). Smart schools on the way: How school principals from Catalonia approach the future of education within the fourth industrial revolution. Learning Environ Res 25, 875–893 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10984-021-09398-3
Naqsh, S,, Zinali, L., Peri Zanganeh, M. (2021). Presenting a model to determine the relationship between teachers' preparation, teaching-learning processes and learners' attendance with online education based on the mediating role of the support system (case study: elementary school teachers in Isfahan). 14th National Conference and 8th International Conference on Electronic Learning and Teaching, Tehran. 2021;march 3-4:Tehran, Iran. https://civilica.com/doc/1224627/ .
Rezaei Rad, M,, Zarei Zwarki, I., Yousefi Saeedabad, R.(2013). Identifying and prioritizing factors affecting the development of smart schools. Journal of Education and evaluation.2013; (Educational Sciences, fifth year, summer 2013, number 18). [In Persian].
Salehi, M.,& Kashani, N .(2016). Effective factors in the implementation of smart school. Journal of psychology and educational sciences. 2016 ; number 8, from pages 71-84.
Talaa’ee, E., Ansaari, N., Pahlavaan, M., Abootaalebi, Z. (2016). Making Iranian Schools Smart: From Policy to Practice. Journal of Education.QJOE 2016; 32 (3) :79-105
URL: http://qjoe.ir/article-1-133-fa.html
Tlili, A., Amelina, N., Burgos,D., Othman, A., Huang, R., Jemni, M., Lazor, M., Zhang, X., and T. W. Chang. (2020). Remote Special Education During Crisis: COVID-19 as a Case Study. In Radical Solutions for Education in a Crisis Context, 69–83. Berlin: Springer.
Zare, M., Nili Mohammad, R., Aliabadi, K., Zarei Zawarki, I., Asgari, M. (2023).The effectiveness of integrated e-learning design model on the academic performance of Farhangian University students. Journal of Educational and educational studies. 2023;(2) doi: 10.48310/pma.2023.2878. [In Persian].