ارائه مدل مفهومی یادگیری دیجیتالی در نظام آموزش عالی: پژوهش کیفی
محورهای موضوعی : آموزش از راه دورعبدالرحیم نوه ابراهیم 1 , کبری خباره 2
1 - گروه مدیریت آموزشی- دانشکده مدیریت دانشگاه خوارزمی. تهران. ایران
2 - دانش آموخته دکترای مدیریت آموزشی. دانشگاه خوارزمی . تهران. ایران
کلید واژه: آموزش عالی, پژوهش کیفی, یادگیری دیجیتالی,
چکیده مقاله :
پژوهش حاضر باهدف ارائه مدل مفهومی یادگیری دیجیتالی انجام‌شده است. به‌منظور انجام پژوهش حاضر از رویکرد کیفی و روش فراترکیب استفاده گردید. هدف از فراترکیب استخراج درک جدیدی از مقایسه و ترکیب یافته‌های مطالعات متعدد است. جامعه پژوهش شامل کلیه مقاله‌ها، کتاب‌ها، گزارش‌های کاری و انتشارات دانشگاه‌ها به تعداد بیش از 3000 بوده که از این میان 60 سند بر اساس روش هفت مرحله ای سندلوسکی و باروسو انتخاب و تحلیل شد. به‌منظور تحلیل داده‌ها از کدگذاری باز و محوری استفاده شد. نتایج حکایت از شناسایی 11 مؤلفه کلیدی برای تدوین مدل یادگیری دیجیتالی بوده است. این مؤلفه‌ها عبارت‌اند از آمادگی دیجیتالی استاد، آمادگی دیجیتالی دانشجو، مدیریت دانش دیجیتالی، پشتیبانی دیجیتالی، کیفیت دیجیتالی، مدیریت دیجیتالی، تعاملات دیجیتالی، فناوری دیجیتالی، ارزیابی دیجیتالی، آموزش و تدریس دیجیتالی و محتوای دیجیتالی بوده است. برای هر یک از این مؤلفه‌ها اجزا و عناصر مشخصی شناسایی شده است و نهایتاً این‌که متناسب با این مؤلفه‌ها، پیشنهادهایی ارائه شده است.
The present study was conducted to present a conceptual model of digital learning. In order to conduct the present study, a qualitative approach and a meta-synthesis method were used. The purpose of the Meta synthesis is to extract a new understanding by comparing and combining the findings of multiple studies. The research population included all articles, books, work reports and university publications in more than 3000, from which 60 documents were selected and analyzed. This method is based on Sandelowski& Barros,with seven steps. Open and axial coding were used to analyze the data. The results indicate the identification of 11 key components for developing a digital learning model. These components include professor digital readiness, student digital readiness, digital knowledge management, Digital support, Digital quality, Digital management, Digital interactions, Digital technology, Digital evaluation, Digital teaching and learning, and Digital content. Specific components and elements have been identified for each of these components, and finally, suggestions have been made in accordance with these components.
Akyuz. S, Yavuz. F (2015). Digital Learning in EFL Classrooms. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.197. 766 – 769.
Anohina A (2005). Analysis of the terminology used in the field of virtual learning. Educational Technology & Society 8(3): 91–102.
Anttila, M. Valimaki, M. Hatonen, H. Luukkaala, T. & Kaila M. (2012). Use of web-based patient education sessions on psychiatric wards. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 81(6), 424-433.
Bagheri Majed, Rooh Elah; Sedghi Bukani, Nasser. (2016). Designing the e-learning preparation model in the educational system of the Islamic Azad University of Mahabad. Information and communication technology in educational sciences. pages 149-172.
Basak. S, Wotto.M, Be´langer.P.(2018).E-learning, M-learning and D-learning: Conceptual definition and comparative analysis. E-Learning and Digital Media. Vol. 15(4) 191–216.
Bawden, D. (2008). Concepts and origins of digital literacy. In C. Lankshear, &M. Knobel (Eds.), Digital literacies: concepts, policies and practices (New Literacies and Digital Epistemologies). Peter Lang Publishing.
Burdick,A. Willis,H.(2011)Digital learning, digital scholarship and design thinking. Published by Elsevier Ltd. see front matter Design Studies Vol 32 No. 546-556.
Chawinga WD & Zozie PA (2016) Increasing access to higher education through open and distance learning: empirical findings from Mzuzu University, Malawi. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 17(4).
Chitkushev L, Vodenska I and Zlateva T (2014) Digital learning impact factors: Student satisfaction and performance in online courses. International Journal of Information and Education Technology 4(4): 356–359.
Cosgrove,J.Chobhthaigh,S. Shiel,G.M Leahy,M.(2018). Digital Learning Framework Trial Evaluation: Baseline Repor. Dublin: Educational Research Centre.
Daniel J (2014) Foreword to the special section on massive open online courses MOOCs: Evolution or revolution? Journal of Online Learning and Teaching 10(1).
Dehghan Tarzjani, Mohammad Hussein; Alishiri, Niloufar. (2017). Assessing e-learning readiness in Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Medical School, Alborz University of Medical Sciences. The sixth year. No. 3- pp. 179-186.
Drlik. M & Skalka.J.(2011).Virtual Faculty Development Using Top-down Implementation Strategy and Adapted EES Model. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Vol.28.616 – 621.
Henderson, M. Selwyn, N. and Aston, R. (2017). What works and why? Student perceptions of‘useful. digital technology in university teaching and learning’, Studies in Higher Education,Vol. 42, No. 8, pp.1567–1579.
Jenkins, H. Clinton, K. Purushotma, R. Robison, A. J. & Weigel, M. (2006). Confronting the challenges of participatory culture: Media education for the 21st century. URL Chicago: TheMacArthurFoundation.http://www.newmedialiteracies.org/files/working/NMLWhitePaper.pdf.
Jenkins, H. (2007). Reconsidering digital immigrants [Blog Post]. URL http:// www.henryjenkins.org/2007/12/reconsidering_digital_immigran.html.
Keane D. T. (2012).Leading with Technology. The Australian Educational Leader. 34(2): 44.
Kingsley, K. V. (2007). Empower diverse learners with educational technology and digital media. Intervention in school and clinic, 43(1), 52-56.
Kovanović. Et al (2015) The History and State of Distance Education. In: Siemens G, Gašević D and Dawson S (eds) Preparing for the digital university: A review of the history and current state of distance, blended, and online learning, pp.9–55.
Lankshear, C.Knobel, M. (2008). Digital literacies: Concepts, policies and practices (New Literacies and Digital Epistemologies). Peter Lang Publishing.
Lin,H. Chen. Ch, Liu.Sh (2017).A Study of the Effects of Digital Learning on Learning Motivation and Learning Outcome. Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education. 13(7):3553-3564
Marcela.D& Marcela.J. (2018). Characteristics of the e-learning implementation in higher education. A literature review. Revista ESPACIOS. Vol. 39 (N؛ 46) P. 8.
Mirsaidi, Golshan; Imani, Mohammad Naqi; Nazim, Fattah. (2018). Presenting a model for establishing e-learning in Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences based on the data approach of the foundation. Jundishapur Education Development Magazine. Center for the Study and Development of Medical Education. Ninth year. Number 2.
Moore. MG & Kearsley. G. (2004). Distance education: A systems view. 2nd edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.
Nokelainen, P. (2004). Conceptual Definition of the Technical and Pedagogical Usability Criteria for Digital Learning Material. In L. Cantoni & C. McLoughlin (Eds.), Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2004-World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications (pp. 4249-4254).
Peters. Otto. (2000). Digital Learning Environments: New Possibilities and Opportunities. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning. Vol. 1, No. 1.
Prensky, M. (2001). (5)Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants [pdf]. On the Horizon, vol. 9. MCB University Press. URL. http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/ Prensky DigitalNatives,Digital Immigrants-Part1.pdf.
Rahmani.R. G. Sheela (2017). Prediction of Achievement based on Different Dimensions of E-learning Materials in University of Mysore, India. Interdiscip J Virtual Learn Med Sci. 2017 June; 8(2):e10651.
Renton School District (n.d.) what is digital learning? Retrieved from www.rentonschools.us/Page/2584.
Sandelowski, M, Barros, J. (2007). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer publishing company Inc.
Siemens,G. Gašević,D. Dawson,S. (2015) The history and state of onlineLearning. In: (eds) Preparing for the digital university: A review of the history and current state of distance, blended, and online learning, pp.6–231.
Selvaraj.C. (2019).Success of e- learning system in management in education in Chennai city- using users satisfy action approach. The Online Journal of Distance Education and e-Learning.Volume 7, Issue 2
Sousa, M, Cruz. R J, Martins M. (2017). Digital learning methodologies and tools – a literature review.9th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. 5185-5192.
Sousa. MJ, Rocha.A. (2019). Digital learning: Developing skills for digital transformation of organizations. Future Generation Computer Systems.91. 327–334.
Stein, S. J. Shephard, K. & Harris, I. (2011). Conceptions of e-learning and professional development for e-learning held by tertiary educators in New Zealand. British Journal of Educational Technology, 42(1), 145–165.
Suhonen J (2005) A formative development method for digital learning environments in sparse learning communities. PhD Thesis, University of Joensuu, Joensuu, Finland.
Tarzjani, Mohammad Hossein; Alishiri, Nilofar. (2016). Measuring the readiness of e-learning in Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences. sixth year No. 3- pp. 179-186.
Wit. MD, Dompseler. HV (n.d.) How to create a digital learning environment consisting of various components and acting as a whole? Retrived from http://www.eunis.org/download/2017/EUNIS_ 2017_paper_16.pdf.
Yaqubi, Jafar; Malik Mohammadi, Iraj; Irvani, Houshang; Attaran, Mohammad (2008). Designing a model for e-learning in Iranian agricultural extension and higher education. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development. Volume 39. Number 1, 11-20.
Yoon, J. Kwon, S. & Shim, J. E. (2012). Present Status and Issues of School Nutrition Programs in Korea. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 21(1), 128-1
_||_Akyuz. S, Yavuz. F (2015). Digital Learning in EFL Classrooms. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences.197. 766 – 769.
Anohina A (2005). Analysis of the terminology used in the field of virtual learning. Educational Technology & Society 8(3): 91–102.
Anttila, M. Valimaki, M. Hatonen, H. Luukkaala, T. & Kaila M. (2012). Use of web-based patient education sessions on psychiatric wards. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 81(6), 424-433.
Bagheri Majed, Rooh Elah; Sedghi Bukani, Nasser. (2016). Designing the e-learning preparation model in the educational system of the Islamic Azad University of Mahabad. Information and communication technology in educational sciences. pages 149-172.
Basak. S, Wotto.M, Be´langer.P.(2018).E-learning, M-learning and D-learning: Conceptual definition and comparative analysis. E-Learning and Digital Media. Vol. 15(4) 191–216.
Bawden, D. (2008). Concepts and origins of digital literacy. In C. Lankshear, &M. Knobel (Eds.), Digital literacies: concepts, policies and practices (New Literacies and Digital Epistemologies). Peter Lang Publishing.
Burdick,A. Willis,H.(2011)Digital learning, digital scholarship and design thinking. Published by Elsevier Ltd. see front matter Design Studies Vol 32 No. 546-556.
Chawinga WD & Zozie PA (2016) Increasing access to higher education through open and distance learning: empirical findings from Mzuzu University, Malawi. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 17(4).
Chitkushev L, Vodenska I and Zlateva T (2014) Digital learning impact factors: Student satisfaction and performance in online courses. International Journal of Information and Education Technology 4(4): 356–359.
Cosgrove,J.Chobhthaigh,S. Shiel,G.M Leahy,M.(2018). Digital Learning Framework Trial Evaluation: Baseline Repor. Dublin: Educational Research Centre.
Daniel J (2014) Foreword to the special section on massive open online courses MOOCs: Evolution or revolution? Journal of Online Learning and Teaching 10(1).
Dehghan Tarzjani, Mohammad Hussein; Alishiri, Niloufar. (2017). Assessing e-learning readiness in Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Medical School, Alborz University of Medical Sciences. The sixth year. No. 3- pp. 179-186.
Drlik. M & Skalka.J.(2011).Virtual Faculty Development Using Top-down Implementation Strategy and Adapted EES Model. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. Vol.28.616 – 621.
Henderson, M. Selwyn, N. and Aston, R. (2017). What works and why? Student perceptions of‘useful. digital technology in university teaching and learning’, Studies in Higher Education,Vol. 42, No. 8, pp.1567–1579.
Jenkins, H. Clinton, K. Purushotma, R. Robison, A. J. & Weigel, M. (2006). Confronting the challenges of participatory culture: Media education for the 21st century. URL Chicago: TheMacArthurFoundation.http://www.newmedialiteracies.org/files/working/NMLWhitePaper.pdf.
Jenkins, H. (2007). Reconsidering digital immigrants [Blog Post]. URL http:// www.henryjenkins.org/2007/12/reconsidering_digital_immigran.html.
Keane D. T. (2012).Leading with Technology. The Australian Educational Leader. 34(2): 44.
Kingsley, K. V. (2007). Empower diverse learners with educational technology and digital media. Intervention in school and clinic, 43(1), 52-56.
Kovanović. Et al (2015) The History and State of Distance Education. In: Siemens G, Gašević D and Dawson S (eds) Preparing for the digital university: A review of the history and current state of distance, blended, and online learning, pp.9–55.
Lankshear, C.Knobel, M. (2008). Digital literacies: Concepts, policies and practices (New Literacies and Digital Epistemologies). Peter Lang Publishing.
Lin,H. Chen. Ch, Liu.Sh (2017).A Study of the Effects of Digital Learning on Learning Motivation and Learning Outcome. Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education. 13(7):3553-3564
Marcela.D& Marcela.J. (2018). Characteristics of the e-learning implementation in higher education. A literature review. Revista ESPACIOS. Vol. 39 (N؛ 46) P. 8.
Mirsaidi, Golshan; Imani, Mohammad Naqi; Nazim, Fattah. (2018). Presenting a model for establishing e-learning in Tehran Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences based on the data approach of the foundation. Jundishapur Education Development Magazine. Center for the Study and Development of Medical Education. Ninth year. Number 2.
Moore. MG & Kearsley. G. (2004). Distance education: A systems view. 2nd edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing.
Nokelainen, P. (2004). Conceptual Definition of the Technical and Pedagogical Usability Criteria for Digital Learning Material. In L. Cantoni & C. McLoughlin (Eds.), Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2004-World Conference on Educational Multimedia, Hypermedia & Telecommunications (pp. 4249-4254).
Peters. Otto. (2000). Digital Learning Environments: New Possibilities and Opportunities. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning. Vol. 1, No. 1.
Prensky, M. (2001). (5)Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants [pdf]. On the Horizon, vol. 9. MCB University Press. URL. http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/ Prensky DigitalNatives,Digital Immigrants-Part1.pdf.
Rahmani.R. G. Sheela (2017). Prediction of Achievement based on Different Dimensions of E-learning Materials in University of Mysore, India. Interdiscip J Virtual Learn Med Sci. 2017 June; 8(2):e10651.
Renton School District (n.d.) what is digital learning? Retrieved from www.rentonschools.us/Page/2584.
Sandelowski, M, Barros, J. (2007). Handbook for synthesizing qualitative research. Springer publishing company Inc.
Siemens,G. Gašević,D. Dawson,S. (2015) The history and state of onlineLearning. In: (eds) Preparing for the digital university: A review of the history and current state of distance, blended, and online learning, pp.6–231.
Selvaraj.C. (2019).Success of e- learning system in management in education in Chennai city- using users satisfy action approach. The Online Journal of Distance Education and e-Learning.Volume 7, Issue 2
Sousa, M, Cruz. R J, Martins M. (2017). Digital learning methodologies and tools – a literature review.9th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies. 5185-5192.
Sousa. MJ, Rocha.A. (2019). Digital learning: Developing skills for digital transformation of organizations. Future Generation Computer Systems.91. 327–334.
Stein, S. J. Shephard, K. & Harris, I. (2011). Conceptions of e-learning and professional development for e-learning held by tertiary educators in New Zealand. British Journal of Educational Technology, 42(1), 145–165.
Suhonen J (2005) A formative development method for digital learning environments in sparse learning communities. PhD Thesis, University of Joensuu, Joensuu, Finland.
Tarzjani, Mohammad Hossein; Alishiri, Nilofar. (2016). Measuring the readiness of e-learning in Alborz University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Faculty of Medicine, Alborz University of Medical Sciences. sixth year No. 3- pp. 179-186.
Wit. MD, Dompseler. HV (n.d.) How to create a digital learning environment consisting of various components and acting as a whole? Retrived from http://www.eunis.org/download/2017/EUNIS_ 2017_paper_16.pdf.
Yaqubi, Jafar; Malik Mohammadi, Iraj; Irvani, Houshang; Attaran, Mohammad (2008). Designing a model for e-learning in Iranian agricultural extension and higher education. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development. Volume 39. Number 1, 11-20.
Yoon, J. Kwon, S. & Shim, J. E. (2012). Present Status and Issues of School Nutrition Programs in Korea. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 21(1), 128-1