بررسی وضعیت تفکیک از مبدأ پسماند شهری در شهر زنجان

محورهای موضوعی : بازیافت

فرزانه قرجه لو ¹ , یونس خسروی ² , عبدالحسین پری زنگنه ³ , عباسعلی زمانی ⁴

1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده علوم، علوم محیط زیست
2 - استادیار دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده علوم، گروه علوم محیط زیست
3 - استاد دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده علوم، گروه علوم محیط زیست
4 - استادیار دانشگاه زنجان، دانشکده علوم، گروه علوم محیط زیست

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/03/30 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/04/12 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/01/01

کلید واژه: زنجان, تفکیک زباله از مبدا, پسماند تر و خشک, پرسش نامه,

چکیده مقاله :

زمینه و هدف: تفکیک زباله ها به عنوان نخستین مرحله از برنامه مدیریتی کارآمد جهت کاهش اثرات تخریبی پسماندهای شهری است. لذا هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی وضعیت تفکیک از مبدأ پسماند های شهری و ارایه راهکار هایی در جهت افزایش مشارکت مردم در نظر گرفته شد. روش بررسی: جامعه آماری، شهروندان منطقه‌های سه‌گانه شهر زنجان می‌باشند. بدین منظور 450 پرسش نامه تهیه و براساس نمونه گیری خوشه‌ای تصادفی توزیع به صورت مصاحبه حضوری تکمیل گردید. داده ‌ها در جداول فراوانی خلاصه و به کمک روش های آماری توصیفی و تحلیلی دانکن(Duncan) و مان ویتنی (Mann Whitney)، کای اسکوار(Chi-square)، رابطه‌ها و تفاوت بین متغیرها مشخص گردید. در تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزارهای اس پی اس اس(SPPS20) و اکسل(Excel) استفاده شده است. یافته ها: داده‌های مطالعه حاضر نشان می‌دهد که حدود 70% از شهروندان در شهر زنجان برای اجرای طرح تفکیک از مبدأ اعلام آمادگی دارند، درصورتی که در حال حاضر فقط در 38% از جامعه‌ی آماری مورد مطالعه تفکیک صورت می گیرد. مهم ترین دلیل شهروندان برای انجام این طرح، افزایش نظافت شهر و حفاظت از محیط زیست (60%) و مهم ترین دلیل عدم انجام تفکیک، نبود امکانات لازم درسطح شهر (50%) عنوان شد. سطح آموزش دریافتی90 % از مردم ضعیف یا بسیارضعیف، و رضایت در 7% از جامعه از آموزش و اطلاع‌رسانی رسانه‌ها در خصوص طرح تفکیک می‌باشد که نشان از عمکلرد ضعیف مدیریت بازیافت است. بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: یافته های پژوهش حاکی از وجود عامل‌هایی است که در میزان آگاهی ‌از طرح تفکیک افراد جامعه تاثیرگذار می‌ باشند. از جمله عامل‌های تاثیرگذار سطح سواد، میزان درآمد، منطقه سکونت است. هم چنین بین عامل های جنسیت افراد، وضیعت تاهل و سن رابطه معناداری مشاهده نشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Background and purpose: Human progress and increasing growth of population increase municipal waste production. According to this issue, for decreasing the destructive effects of municipal wastes, efficient management plan are need that it is first phase of wastes separation. Therefore, the main goal of this research is survey on the status separation of municipal waste source and introducing methods that increase public participation. Analysis method: The statistical society of this research is the citizens of triple areas of Zanjan city. For this purpose, 450 questionnaires were prepared based on random cluster sampling of distribution.  Mixing both interview and questionnaire method were used in this study. Data were summarized in frequency tables and relations and differences between variables were determined using descriptive and analytical statistical methods like Dunck and Mann Whitney, Chi square. SPSS 20 and Excel software’s have been used in data analysis. Results and Discussion: Data of this study show that approximately 70% of citizens in Zanjan city are volunteers for implementing of waste source separation plan. Now the municipal waste source separation is done only in 38% of statistical society in this case study. The most important reason of citizens for fulfill this plan was the increase of the cleanliness of the city and the environmental protection (66%). The most important reason for lack of waste source separation was the lack of necessary facilities in the city (50%). The level of received training of 90% of statistical society is poor or very poor, and 7% of societies are satisfied from instructions and notices of media about separation plan, that shows the poor performance of recycle management. Conclusion: The results of research indicate that there are factors that are effective in the level of awareness of society about waste source separation plan. Among the affecting factors, education level, family income and residential area were more evident. Also, it hasn't been seen any relationship between gender, marital status and age and environmental awareness.

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