نقش تلفیق GIS و BIM در ارتقای برنامه‌ریزی شهری: مروری بر مطالعات اخیر
محورهای موضوعی : کاربرد GIS&RS در برنامه ریزی
1 - عضو هیئت علمی گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد سمنان
کلید واژه: مدل‌سازی اطلاعات ساختمان, سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی, برنامه‌ریزی شهری,
چکیده مقاله :
برنامه‌ریزی شهری یکی از مهم‌ترین حوزه‌های پژوهشی محسوب می‌شود، چرا که تأثیر مستقیمی بر کیفیت زندگی روزمره افراد دارد. در این راستا، فناوری‌های نوینی مانند سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی (GIS[1]) و مدل‌سازی اطلاعات ساختمان (BIM[2]) به دلیل قابلیت‌ها و ویژگی‌های منحصر به فرد خود، به ابزارهایی کلیدی در این حوزه تبدیل شده‌اند. با این حال، هر یک از این سیستم‌ها دارای محدودیت‌هایی هستند که می‌تواند مانع بهره‌برداری کامل از ظرفیت‌های آن‌ها شود. به منظور غلبه بر این کاستی‌ها، ادغام دو فناوری GIS و BIM به عنوان رویکردی نوین مورد توجه پژوهشگران قرار گرفته است. این ادغام، امکان بهره‌برداری از مزایای هر دو سیستم را به طور همزمان فراهم می‌کند و زمینه‌ساز بهبود فرآیندهای برنامه‌ریزی شهری می‌شود. هدف اصلی این مقاله، مرور و تحلیل مطالعات اخیر در زمینه ترکیب فناوری‌های GIS و BIM در برنامه‌ریزی شهری است. بررسی این پژوهش‌ها نشان می‌دهد که ادغام این دو فناوری می‌تواند نقش مهمی در بهبود فرآیند تصمیم‌گیری در سطوح مختلف برنامه‌ریزی ایفا کند. از جمله کاربردهای این فناوری‌ها می‌توان به برنامه‌ریزی راهبردی، انتخاب مکان مناسب برای توسعه، تحلیل کاربری زمین، تهیه طرح‌های جامع شهری و ترسیم چشم‌اندازهای آینده اشاره کرد. به طور کلی، نتایج مطالعات بر اهمیت فزاینده استفاده تلفیقی از GIS و BIM در توسعه پایدار شهری تأکید دارند.
[1] Geographic Information System
[2] Building Information Modelling
Urban planning stands as a critical research domain due to its direct impact on individuals' daily quality of life. Remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are powerful tools that, when combined, provide a comprehensive approach to understanding and managing spatial data. Remote sensing gathers data about the Earth's surface from a distance using techniques like satellite imagery and aerial photography, while GIS is a system for storing, analyzing, and visualizing this spatial data. Their combined use allows for in-depth spatial analysis, accurate monitoring, and informed decision-making across various fields. In this context, emerging technologies such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Building Information Modelling (BIM) have become pivotal tools, owing to their unique capabilities and features. However, each system possesses inherent limitations that can hinder the full realization of its potential. To overcome these shortcomings, the integration of GIS and BIM has garnered significant attention from researchers as an innovative approach. This integration facilitates the simultaneous leveraging of both systems' advantages, thereby paving the way for enhanced urban planning processes. The primary objective of this paper is to review and analyze recent studies on combining GIS and BIM technologies in urban planning. An examination of this research indicates that integrating these two technologies can play a crucial role in improving decision-making across various planning levels. Applications include strategic planning, optimal site selection for development, land use analysis, preparation of comprehensive urban plans, and future visioning. Overall, the findings of these studies underscore the increasing importance of the integrated use of GIS and BIM in fostering sustainable urban development.
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