مدل‌سازی تولید اولیه سطح زمین با استفاده از شاخص‌های ماهواره لندست-8 در مراتع سیاه‎پوش و گنج‌گاه استان اردبیل، ایران

محورهای موضوعی : کشاورزی، مرتع داری، آبخیزداری و جنگلداری

پشمینه محمدنژاد ¹ , مهدی معمری ^{2 *} , اردوان قربانی ³ , فرید دادجو ⁴ , ودود محمدی ⁵

1 - گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
2 - گروه علوم گیاهی و گیاهان داروئی، دانشکده کشاورزی مشگین شهر، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
3 - گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
4 - گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران
5 - گروه مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1400/12/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/01/09 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/03/01

کلید واژه: لندست 8, مراتع اردبیل, شاخص گیاهی, فرم رویشی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف از این مطالعه برآورد تولید (تولید اولیه سطح زمین) فرم‌های رویشی و کل با استفاده از تصاویر لندست 8 در مراتع سیاه‌پوش و گنج‌گاه استان اردبیل بود. نمونه‌برداری میدانی در خرداد ماه 1398 انجام شد و تصویر ماهواره‌ای هم‌زمان با آن دریافت شد. تعداد هفت مکان نمونه‌برداری انتخاب شد و در هر مکان سه ترانسکت 100 متری موازی و عمود بر جهت شیب مستقر شد و در امتداد هر ترانسکت از 10 پلات (یک متر مربعی)، تولید فرم‌های رویشی به روش تصادفی-سیستماتیک برداشت شد (در مجموع 210 پلات). تعداد 22 شاخص گیاهی با توجه به مرور منابع انتخاب و برای منطقه محاسبه شد. سپس، هم‌بستگی بین تولید فرم‌های رویشی و کل با شاخص‌های گیاهی محاسبه و شاخص گیاهی دارای بالاترین هم‌بستگی برای مدل‌سازی انتخاب شد. برای مدل‌سازی از معادله خطی درجه یک استفاده شد و معادلات به‌دست آمده در نرم‌افزار ArcGIS به‌صورت نقشه برآورد شد. نتایج نشان‌داد از بین شاخص‌های مورد بررسی، شاخص NDVI مناسب‌ترین شاخص برای مدل‌سازی بود؛ با این‌حال بیش‌ترین هم‌بستگی این شاخص با تولید کل (88/0) و تولید گندمیان (78/0) بود؛ درحالی‌که هم‌بستگی کم‌تری با تولید پهن‌برگان علفی (41/0) و بوته‌ای‌ها (31/0) داشت. محدوده تغییرات تولید مدل‌سازی شده برای گندمیان 0 تا 1857 کیلوگرم در هکتار، پهن‌برگان علفی 9 تا 766 کیلوگرم در هکتار، بوته‌ای‌ها 0 تا 458 کیلوگرم در هکتار و برای تولید کل 9 تا 3081 کیلوگرم در هکتار بود. ارزیابی صحت مدل‌ها با معیارهای RMSE، MDE و MAE انجام شد و صحت در حد قابل قبول بود. هم‌چنین مقدار اختلاف میانگین داده‌های واقعی با مدل‌سازی شده تقریباً برابر صفر بود. از نتایج این مطالعه می‌توان برای ایجاد تعادل بین عرضه و تقاضای تولید مرتع در راستای توسعه پایدار اکوسیستم‌های مرتعی منطقه استفاده کرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The aim of this study was to estimate the aboveground net primary production (ANPP) of life forms and total ANPP using Landsat 8 images in Siahpoosh and Ganjgah rangelands of Ardabil province. Field sampling was conducted in June 2019 and a satellite image was received at the same time. Seven sampling sites was selected, and three 100-meter transects parallel and perpendicular to the slope direction was established in each sites, and along each transects from 10 plots (1m2), the ANPP of life forms with random-systematic method were collected (210 plots in total). Then, 22 plant indices were selected according to previous references and calculated for the region. Next, the correlation between the ANPP of life forms and total ANPP with plant indices was calculated and the plant index with the highest correlation was selected for modeling. The first-order linear equation was used for modeling and the equations were estimated in ArcMap software as a map. The results showed that among the studied indices, NDVI was the most appropriate index for modeling; however, the highest correlation of this index was with total ANPP (0.88), and grasses ANPP (0.78); while it had less correlation with the forbs ANPP (0.41), and shrubs ANPP (0.31). The range of changes were 0 to 1857 kg/ha for grasses, 9 to 766 kg/ha for forbs, 0 to 458 kg/ha for shrubs, and 9 to 3081 kg/ha for the total ANPP. The accuracy of the models was evaluated by RMSE, MDE and MAE criteria and the accuracy was acceptable. Also, there was essentially no difference between the mean of real and modeled data. The results of this study can be used to balance the supply and demand of rangeland production for sustainable development of rangeland ecosystems.

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