سنجش و ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری و رضایت مندی از آن در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی شمال تبریز (مطالعه موردی: محله احمدآباد)
محورهای موضوعی : جغرافیای شهری
علی اسکوئی ارس
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رسول قربانی
2
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شهریور روستایی
3
1 - گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ‏ریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
2 - استاد گروه جغرافیا و برنامهریزی شهری، دانشکدة برنامهریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
3 - گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشکده برنامه‏ ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران.
کلید واژه: کیفیت زندگی شهری, رضایت&rlm, مندی, سکونتگاه &rlm, های غیررسمی, فریدمن, احمدآباد تبریز,
چکیده مقاله :
ارزیابی رضایت مندی از کیفیت زندگی شهری در میان ساکنین سکونتگاه های غیررسمی بیش از ساکنین سایر مناطق شهری اهمیت می یابد. چرا که ساکنین سکونتگاه های خودروی شهری غالباً جزو اقشار آسیب پذیرتر اجتماعات شهری محسوب می شوند. باتوجه به اهمیت ارزیابی ابعاد و شاخص های کیفیت زندگی در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی، هدف از انجام این تحقیق، سنجش و ارزیابی کیفیت زندگی شهری و رضایت مندی از آن در سکونتگاه های غیررسمی شمال تبریز با مطالعه موردی محله احمدآباد می باشد. پژوهش حاضر، از حیث هدف کاربردی و به لحاظ ماهیت و روش توصیفی – تحلیلی می باشد. شیوه گردآوری اطلاعات اسنادی، کتابخانه ای و مشاهده میدانی بوده است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از روش پرسش نامه و آزمون های فریدمن، کروسکال والیس و مان ویتنی بهره گیری شده است. به منظور گردآوری اطلاعات از مطالعات کتابخانه ای و بلوک های آماری سال 1395 کلانشهر تبریز بهره گیری شد. ضریب پایایی پرسشنامه 0/836 برآورده شد. حجم نمونه هم براساس فرمول کوکران 371 نفر از ساکنین سکونتگاه های غیررسمی محله احمدآباد تبریز را شامل شد. تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها در دو سطح آمار توصیفی و استنباطی و از طریق نرم افزار SPSS16 انجام پذیرفت. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از آن است که در بین ابعاد رضایتمندی از کیفیت زندگی شهری، بعد اقتصادی در رده نخست قرار دارد. همچنین در میان شاخص های رضایت مندی از کیفیّت زندگی شهری، شاخص درآمد ماهیانه سرپرست خانوار در رده نخست قرار دارد. در نهایت می توان گفت میزان رضایت مندی ساکنین سکونتگاه های غیررسمی محله احمدآباد کلانشهر تبریز از کیفیت زندگی شهری، پایین تر از حد متوسط می باشد.
Introduction: The need to address the issue of the quality of urban life in these areas becomes more apparent when the residents of informal settlements are considered to be among the most vulnerable sections of an urban society, and paying attention to the urban and biological needs, Providing the minimum needs and enjoying citizenship rights are among the necessities of life for them. The most important goal of this research is to evaluate the indicators of the quality of urban life in the informal settlements of Tabriz city in Ahmedabad neighborhood. Based on this, the research seeks to find answers to two basic questions; First, which of the dimensions of satisfaction with the quality of urban life among the residents of Tabriz's Ahmadabad neighborhood have a better situation? And then which of the indicators of satisfaction with the quality of urban life in Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz is at a better level?
Methodology: The current research is applied and descriptive-analytical. The variables of the research have been identified with the use of library studies, and in order to reach the research questions and test the hypotheses, the information was collected through a field study and through a questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the research was also checked. The validity of the questionnaire was obtained by a formal method and the reliability was also checked using Cronbach's alpha, the coefficient of which was 0.863 for the entire questionnaire. The statistical population of the research was the residents of Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz, which were estimated to be 11165 people based on the statistical blocks of Tabriz metropolis in 2015. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size of 371 people was calculated with an error level of 5%. To achieve the main goal of the research based on measuring and evaluating the quality of urban life and satisfaction with it among the residents of informal settlements in the north of Tabriz metropolis (case study: Ahmadabad neighborhood) Friedman, Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests used. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was also used to measure the normality of the data. In order to prioritize the dimensions and indicators of satisfaction with the quality of urban life among the residents of informal settlements in Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz, Friedman's test was used and to investigate the difference in the general characteristics of the residents and satisfaction with the quality-of-life Shahri's Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis statistical tests were used.
Results and discussion: In order to prioritize dimensions and indicators of satisfaction with the quality of urban life among the residents of informal settlements in Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz, Friedman's test was used. There is a significant difference between the average ratings of dimensions and indicators of satisfaction with the quality of urban life of the residents of Ahmedabad neighborhood. There is no significant difference between the gender of the residents and their satisfaction with the quality of urban life in the informal settlements of Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz. There is a significant difference between the marital status of the residents and their satisfaction with the quality of urban life in the informal settlements of Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz. Kruskal-Walli’s test was used to determine whether there is a significant difference between the age, education status and duration of residence of the residents of informal settlements and their level of satisfaction with the quality of urban life. Regarding the age and educational status of the residents, it can be said that there is a significant difference between the age and educational status of the residents and their satisfaction with the quality of urban life. However, there is no significant relationship between the length of residence and the job status of the residents in Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz with their satisfaction with the quality of urban life. Because the significance level is greater than 0.05.
Conclusion: This research aimed to investigate the satisfaction of the residents of the informal settlement of Ahmedabad, Tabriz with the quality of urban life. According to the results, it was concluded that among the dimensions of satisfaction with the quality of urban life among the residents of informal settlements in Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz, the economic dimension is more important, followed by the physical dimension (3.11) in the second rank. , the social dimension (3.09) is in the third rank, the welfare dimension (2.82) is in the fourth rank, and finally the health dimension (2.50) is in the last rank. Therefore, the economic dimension is in the first rank in terms of importance in comparison with other dimensions of satisfaction with the quality of urban life for the residents. Among the indicators of satisfaction with the quality of urban life in Ahmedabad neighborhood, the monthly income index of the head of the household ranks first with an average rank of (9.48) and this shows that this index is more important for the residents. In the examination of the difference in general characteristics based on the results, there is no significant relationship between the gender of the residents, their employment status and the duration of their residence in the informal settlements of Ahmadabad neighborhood of Tabriz with satisfaction with the quality of urban life. To put it better, the level of satisfaction of the residents with the quality of urban life in different gender groups, different job statuses and different time periods they lived in the target neighborhood was almost the same. But while there is a significant difference between the age of the residents, their educational status and their marital status with the level of satisfaction with the quality of urban life in Ahmedabad neighborhood. To put it better, people in the age groups below 45 years compared to people in the age groups above 45 years, people with university degrees from higher institutions (bachelor's, master's and higher) compared to people with diploma degrees and Graduates and finally married people have more satisfaction with the quality of urban life compared to single people.
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