مقايسه اثربخشي درمان شناختی - رفتاري و فراشناخت‌درماني بر اضطراب و شاخص‌های زيستي در زنان باردار
محورهای موضوعی : سلامت زنانپرستو نصری 1 , منصوره تجویدی 2 * , سعید ملیحی الذاکرینی 3 , میترا رحیم زاده 4 , زرین آجودانی 5
1 - . دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی سلامت، دانشکده روان‌شناسی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران. ORCOD: 0000-0003-3328-9229, Email
2 - دانشیار گروه پرستاری، دانشکده علوم پزشکی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران، (نویسنده مسئول). Email: mansoore_tajvidi@kiau.ac.ir, tell:09336703027
3 - استادیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشکده روان‌شناسی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران. ORCID: 0000-0003-4702-1004, Email: saied.malihi@kiau.ac.ir
4 - دانشیار گروه آمار زیستی و اپیدمیولوژی، دانشکده بهداشت، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی البرز، کرج، ایران Email: rahimi_1351@yahoo.com
5 - استادیار گروه مامایی، دانشکده پرستاری مامایی، واحد کرج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، کرج، ایران zarrinajoodani@yahoo.com
کلید واژه: اضطراب, درمان شناختی - رفتاري, زنان باردار, شاخص‌های زيستي, فراشناخت‌درماني,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده مقدمه: انتظار طولانی‌مدت برای به دنیا آمدن و نگرانی مدام برای حفظ سلامت نوزاد در همه دوران بارداری همراه مادر است. هدف پژوهش حاضر مقايسه اثربخشي درمان شناختی - رفتاري و فراشناخت‌درماني بر اضطراب و شاخص‌های زيستي در زنان باردار بود. روش پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر مطالعه نیمه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون - پس‌آزمون - پیگیری با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر متشکل از تمامی زنان باردار در 3 ماهه دوم بارداری مراجعه‌کننده به بیمارستان‌ها و کلینیک‌های بارداری شهر تهران در سال 1400-1399 بود. که تعداد 45 نفر به شیوه هدفمند انتخاب و با گمارش تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و یک گروه گواه قرار گرفتند. ابزار این پژوهش شامل پرسشنامه‌های اضطراب کتل، بازوبند مخصوص دستگاه فشارسنج و کیت تست گلوکز بود. برای گروه آزمایش اول درمان فراشناخت سیستم آلمانی - کانادایی - ایرانی و برای گروه آزمایش دوم درمان شناختی – رفتاری در 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای برگزار شد، اما گروه گواه مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. داده‌ها با بهره‌گیری از تحليل واریانس آميخته و از طریق نرم‌افزارSPSS-26 تجزیه‌وتحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: نتایج حاکی از آن بود که درمان فراشناختی و درمان شناختی رفتاری باعث افزایش بهزیستی روانشناختی و کاهش فشار خون و قند خون در پایان مداخلات و دوره پیگیری شده بودند (05/0>p). روش فراشناخت‌درمانی باعث کاهش بیشتر شاخص‌های زیستی و کاهش بیشتر اضطراب شده است (05/0>p). نتیجه‌گیری: به دلیل تأثیری که درمان فراشناخت بر اصلاح باورهای فراشناختی مؤثر بر اضطراب و افزایش قند خون و فشار خون در زنان باردار دارد می‌تواند به تنهایی و یا با درمان مکمل در کاهش شاخص‌های زیستی و کاهش اضطراب در زنان باردار مؤثر باشد.
Abstract Introduction and aim: A long wait to give birth and constant concern for the health of the baby accompany the mother during all pregnancy periods. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy and metacognitive therapy on anxiety and biological indicators in pregnant women. Methods: The present study was a semi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test-follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all pregnant women in the second 3 months of pregnancy who referred to the hospitals and pregnancy clinics of Tehran in 2020-2021. 45 people were selected in a purposeful way and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The tools of this research included Cattell's anxiety questionnaires (1957), special armband for sphygmomanometer and glucose test kit. For the first experimental group, German - Canadian - Iranian system metacognitive therapy and for the second experimental group cognitive behavioral therapy were held in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, but the control group did not receive any intervention. The data were mixed using analysis of variance and analyzed through spss-26 software. Results: The results indicated that metacognitive therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy increased psychological well-being and decreased blood pressure and blood sugar at the end of the interventions and the follow-up period (p<0.05). The method of metacognitive therapy has caused a further decrease in biological indicators and a further increase in anxiety (p<0.05). Conclusion: Due to the effect that metacognitive therapy has on correcting metacognitive beliefs affecting anxiety and increasing blood sugar and blood pressure in pregnant women, it can be effective alone or with complementary treatment in reducing biological indicators and reducing anxiety in pregnant women.
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