مقایسه اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و واقعیت درمانی به شیوه گروهی بر رابطه والدفرزند
محورهای موضوعی : روانشناسیفاطمه وحید 1 , محمداسماعیل ابراهیمی 2 * , رسول کردنوقابی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سنندج، ایران، fatemehvahid664@gmail.com
2 - (نویسنده مسئول): استادیار، گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران mohammadesmaeileebrahimi@iauh.ac.ir tell:087 3328 8661
3 - استاد، گروه روان شناسی، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اجتماعی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران rasoolkordnoghabiiea@yahoo.com
کلید واژه: دانش آموزان, درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد, رابطه والدفرزند, واقعیت درمانی,
چکیده مقاله :
چکیده
مقدمه: نوجوانی دوره‌ی منحصر به فرد انتقال است که با تغییرات جسمانی، روانی و اجتماعی همراه است. علاوه بر این تغییرات، کشف هویت نیز از جمله مهم‌ترین ویژگی‌های این دوره محسوب می‌شود و به همین دلیل در این دوره، نیاز به استقلال بیشتر شده و به دنبال خودپنداره و ارزش‌هایشان می‌روند که این فرایند منجر به تغییر درخانواده می‌شود و این تغییر منجر به تغییرانی در روابط والد فرزندی می‌گردد، لذا این پژوهش با هدف، مقایسه اثربخشی درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و واقعیت درمانی به شیوه گروهی بر رابطه والدفرزند در دانش آموزان نوجوان انجام شد. روش پژوهش: روش پژوهش به صورت نیمه آزمایشی با طرح پیش آزمون- پس آزمون با گروه کنترل بود. جامعه پژوهش شامل کلیه دانش آموزان پسر متوسطه دوم ناحیه 2 شهر همدان بود که در سال تحصیلی 1402-1401 مشغول به تحصیل بودند. از این تعداد، 3 گروه 20 نفره با روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه‌ای چند مرحله‌ای انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی به گروه‌های آزمایش و گروه کنترل تقسیم شدند و به پرسشنامه ارزیابی رابطه والد-فرزند توسط فاین، مورلند و اسکوبل در دو نوبت پیش- پسآزمون پاسخ دادند. آزمودنی‌های گروه آزمایش تحت درمان با رویکرد درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و واقعیت درمانی، طی ۸ جلسه، به صورت هفته‌ای ۱ جلسه 60 دقیقهای به صورت گروهی قرار گرفتند ولی به گروه کنترل آموزشی داده نشد. داده‌ها با نرم‌افزار SPSS و با استفاده از آزمون تحلیل کواریانس و سطح معنی‌دار 05/0< p تجزیه و تحلیل آماری شدند. یافته ها: نتایج نشان داد، میانگین پس آزمون گروه تحت درمان با رویکرد درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد بر رابطه پدر- فرزند 5/20 نمره بیشتر از گروه کنترل است (5/20 =i-j ، 034/0=sig). همچنین، میانگین پس آزمون گروه تحت درمان به روش واقعیت درمانی به شیوه گروهی بر رابطه والد- فرزند 9/42 نمره بیشتر از گروه کنترل است (9/42=i-j ، 0001/0=sig). نتیجه‌گیری: با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش می‌توان گفت، درمان مبتنی بر پذیرش و تعهد و درمان مبتنی بر واقعیت درمانی منجر به بهبود رابطه پدر- فرزند میشوند.
© 2020 The Author(s). This work is published by family and health as an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.
Abstract
Introduction: Adolescence is a unique period of transition that is associated with physical, psychological and social changes. In addition to these changes, the discovery of identity is also considered one of the most important features of this period, and for this reason, in this period, the need for independence increases and they look for their self-concept and values, and this process leads to changes in the family, and this change leads to other changes. In parent-child relationships, this research was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of therapy based on acceptance and commitment and reality therapy in a group manner on the parent-child relationship in teenage students. Research Methods: The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The research population included all the male secondary school students of the 2nd district of Hamadan city who were studying in the academic year of 2022-2023. From these, 3 groups of 20 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups and were administered the parent-child relationship evaluation questionnaire by Fine, Moreland and Scobel in two pre-post sessions. They answered the test. The subjects of the experimental group were treated with the approach of treatment based on acceptance and commitment and reality therapy, during 8 sessions, 1 session of 60 minutes per week, but no training was given to the control group. The data were statistically analyzed with SPSS software and using the analysis of covariance test and a significant level of p < 0.05. Results: The results showed that the post-test average of the group treated with the treatment approach based on acceptance and commitment on the father-child relationship is 20.5 points higher than the control group (i-j=20.5, sig=0.034). Also, the mean post-test of the group treated by reality therapy method on the parent-child relationship is 42.9 points higher than the control group (i-j=42.9, sig=0.0001). Conclusion: According to the results of this research, it can be said that therapy based on acceptance and commitment and therapy based on reality therapy led to the improvement of father-child relationship.
Ferraioli F, Culicetto L, Cecchetti L, Falzone A, Tomaiuolo F, Quartarone A, Vicario CM. Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Treating Fear of Contamination Disorders: A Systematic Review of Healthy and Clinical Populations. Brain Sci. 2024 17; 14(5): 510. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14050510. PMID: 38790488; PMCID: PMC11118862.
Mastrotheodoros S, Van der Graaff J, Deković M, Meeus WHJ, Branje S. Parent-Adolescent Conflict across Adolescence: Trajectories of Informant Discrepancies and Associations with Personality Types. J Youth Adolesc. 2020; 49(1): 119-135. doi: 10.1007/s10964-019-01054-7. Epub 2019 Jun 26. PMID: 31254242; PMCID: PMC6987059.
Perz C, Swink SM, Khurana M. Green nail syndrome in a teenager. J Osteopath Med. 2023 Nov 9; 124(3): 137-138. doi: 10.1515/jom-2023-0187. PMID: 37942732.
Mohammadi Nasab H, MazaheriTehrani MA, Rezaezadeh M, Heydari M. The needs of adolescents in parent-child relationship, a qualitative study. Journal of Educational Psychology Studies, 2021; 18(42): 80-63. doi: 10.22111/jeps.2021.6386
Long JR, Damle LF. Adolescent Sexuality. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2024; 51(2): 299-310. doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2024.02.004. Epub 2024 Apr 4. PMID: 38777485; PMCID: PMC11116809.
Montalto GJ, Bernstein KS. Caring for the 21st Century Adolescent. Pediatr Ann. 2024; 53(1): e3-e4. doi: 10.3928/19382359-20231113-01. Epub 2024 Jan 1. PMID: 38194660.
Duval L, Lagrange-Xelot M, Moiton MP, Bourgoin P, Pommier V, Abdelmoumen K, Robin S, Rouquette V, Levin C. A Rare Case of Endocarditis in a Teenager. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2024 1; 43(4): e145-e146. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000004224. Epub 2023 Dec 14. PMID: 38100723.
Geschäftsstelle der DGKJP; Belling R, Jung M, F Xf Rster G, Romanos M, Bomke P. Die Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit psychischen Erkrankungen. Z Kinder Jugendpsychiatr Psychother. 2024; 52(1): 65-68. German. doi: 10.1024/1422-4917/a000967. PMID: 38179663.
Bonilla S, Ndenginyoma A. Expérience des adolescentes enceintes depuis le processus décisionnel de maintenir la grossesse: une étude qualitative. Rech Soins Infirm. 2024; 155(4): 7-19. French. PMID: 38458966.
Wang M, Liu Q, Zhu Z, Guo X, Hu X, Cheng L. Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs. 2024; 28: 14-17. doi: 10.1111/wvn.12719. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38546159.
Martinez-Calderon J, García-Muñoz C, Rufo-Barbero C, Matias-Soto J, Cano-García FJ. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Chronic Pain: An Overview of Systematic Reviews with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials. J Pain. 2024; 25(3): 595-617. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.09.013. Epub 2023 Sep 23. PMID: 37748597.
Levin ME, Krafft J, Twohig MP. An Overview of Research on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2024; 47(2): 419-431. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2024.02.007. Epub 2024 Mar 21. PMID: 38724128.
Levin ME, Krafft J, Twohig MP. An Overview of Research on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2024; 47(2): 419-431. doi: 10.1016/j.psc.2024.02.007. Epub 2024 Mar 21. PMID: 38724128.
Byrne G, Cullen C. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Anger, Irritability, and Aggression in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2024; 25(2): 935-946. doi: 10.1177/15248380231167393. Epub 2023 May 2. PMID: 37129045.
Durepos P, MacLean R, Ricketts N, Boamah SA, Witherspoon R, Gould O, Olthuis JV, Totton K, Tucker K, Boulay I, Robitaille A, Aquino-Russell C, Kaasalainen S. Engaging care partners of persons living with dementia in acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) programs: a scoping review. Aging Ment Health. 2024; 28(5): 725-737. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2023.2288864. Epub 2023 Dec 15. PMID: 38100551.
Macri JA, Rogge RD. Examining domains of psychological flexibility and inflexibility as treatment mechanisms in acceptance and commitment therapy: A comprehensive systematic and meta-analytic review. Clin Psychol Rev. 2024; 110: 102432. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102432. Epub 2024 Apr 10. PMID: 38615492.
Bouws J, Henrard A, de Koning M, Schirmbeck F, van Ghesel Grothe S, van Aubel E, Reininghaus U, de Haan L, Myin-Germeys I. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for individuals at risk for psychosis or with a first psychotic episode: A qualitative study on patients' perspectives. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2024; 18(2): 122-131. doi: 10.1111/eip.13442. Epub 2023 May 22. PMID: 37212359.
Balsom AA, Klest B, Sander B, Gordon JL. Acceptance and commitment therapy adapted for women with infertility: a pilot study of the Infertility Action program. Reprod Health. 2024: 4; 21(1): 43. doi: 10.1186/s12978-024-01766-5. PMID: 38576027; PMCID: PMC10996141.
Zhang T, Li X, Zhou X, Zhan L, Wu F, Huang Z, Sun Y, Feng Y, Du Q. Virtual Reality Therapy for the Management of Chronic Spinal Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JMIR Serious Games. 2024: 12; 12: e50089. doi: 10.2196/50089. PMID: 38345832; PMCID: PMC10897798.
Schambach A, Buchholz CJ, Torres-Ruiz R, Cichutek K, Morgan M, Trapani I, Büning H. A new age of precision gene therapy. Lancet. 2024:10; 403(10426): 568-582. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(23)01952-9. Epub 2023 Nov 22. PMID: 38006899.
Hsu PY, Singer J, Keysor JJ. The evolution of augmented reality to augment physical therapy: A scoping review. J Rehabil Assist Technol Eng. 2024: 5; 11: 20556683241252092. doi: 10.1177/20556683241252092. PMID: 38846024; PMCID: PMC11155346.
Lattré T, Decramer A, Vanhaecke J, Linden DV, Goubau J. Immersive Virtual Reality in Orthopedic Hand Therapy. Hand Surg Rehabil. 2024; 4: 101750. doi: 10.1016/j.hansur.2024.101750. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 38971226.
Galun E. Gene therapy: from technology to reality. Harefuah. 2024; 163(2): 97-101. Hebrew. PMID: 38431858.
Bateni H, Carruthers J, Mohan R, Pishva S. Use of Virtual Reality in Physical Therapy as an Intervention and Diagnostic Tool. Rehabil Res Pract. 2024 Jan 25; 2024: 1122286. doi: 10.1155/2024/1122286. PMID: 38304610; PMCID: PMC10834096.
Obrero-Gaitán E, Chau-Cubero CY, Lomas-Vega R, Osuna-Pérez MC, García-López H, Cortés-Pérez I. Effectiveness of virtual reality-based therapy in pulmonary rehabilitation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A systematic review with meta-analysis. Heart Lung. 2024; 65: 1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2024.01.011. Epub 2024 Feb 7. PMID: 38330853.
Linehan MM, Dimeff LA, Reynolds SK, Comtois KA, Welch SS, Heagerty P, Kivlahan DR. Dialectical behavior therapy versus comprehensive validation therapy plus 12-step for the treatment of opioid dependent women meeting criteria for borderline personality disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2002; 67(1): 13-26. doi: 10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00011-x. PMID: 12062776.
Hayes SC, Luoma JB, Bond FW, Masuda A, Lillis J. Acceptance and commitment therapy: model, processes and outcomes. Behav Res Ther. 2006; 44(1): 1-25. doi: 1016/j.brat.2005.06.006. PMID: 16300724.
Glasser W, Zunin LM. Reality therapy. Curr Psychiatr Ther. 1972; 12: 58-61. PMID:
Fine MA, Moreland JR, Schwebel AI. Long-term effects of divorce on parent–child relationships. Developmental Psychology. 1983; 19(5):705-713 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.19.5.703
Boor Boor B, Khodabakhshi-Koolaee A, Falsafinejad M R. The Effect of the Parent-Child Relationship Enrichment Training Package with An Emphasis on the Internet Use: A Mixed Methods Approach. PCP 2021; 9 (3): 199-210. URL: http://jpcp.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-779-en.html
Araghi Y. Comparison of the quality of parent- Child Relationship of two Groups of Aggressive and Non Aggressive boy Students. Journal of Psychological Studies. 2008; 4(4): 113-129. doi: 10.22051/psy.2008.1644
Habibi H, Ahmadi S, Zahrakar K. The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Training (ACT) on Parent-Child Relationships and Psychological Hardiness in Male Adolescents. Educational Psychology, 2020; 16(58): 169-188. doi: 22054/jep.2021.49164.2870
Joshan-Poush S, Fazilat-Pour M, Rahmati A. The Effectiveness of Parent-Child Relationship Training based on ACT on the Parent-Adolescent Conflict of Mothers with Epileptic Child. Research in Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, 2018; 7(2): 39-50. doi: 22108/cbs.2018.86881.0
Coyne L, Thompson A. Maternal depression, locus of control, and emotion regulatory strategy as predictors of child internalizing problems. Journal of Children & Family Studies. 2011; 20 (6): 873-883. doi: 10.1002/jcv2.12107. PMID: 37431419; PMCID: PMC10242951.
Bakhtiarpour S. The Relationship between Parent-Child Conflict and the Emotional Atmosphere of the Family with Academic Performance in the First year High School Students of Karun city. Journal of social Psychology. 2017; 12(43): 45-53.
Norozi M, Zargar F, Akbari H. The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Reduction of Interpersonal Problems and Experiential Avoidance in University Students. RBS 2017; 15 (2): 168-174, http://rbs.mui.ac.ir/article-1-529-fa.html
Rezapour Mirsaleh Y, esmailbeigi M, Delavari M. Investigating the effectiveness of intervention based on acceptance and commitment in parent-child conflict resolution strategies in mothers of students with learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2018; 7(3): 77-90. doi: 10.22098/jld.2018.628
Peyghan K, Kraskian A, Hosseinzadeh M, Peyvandi P. Comparison of the Effectiveness of “Compassion-Based Group Therapy” and “Group Reality Therapy” on Parent-Child interaction in Mothers with Autistic Children. JHPM 2022; 11 (6): 12-25. URL: http://jhpm.ir/article-1-1436-fa.html
Esmailzadeh, Z. Effectiveness of parenting education based on Choice Theory on parent-child relationship and clinical symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder. Empowering Exceptional Children, 2019; 10(3): 97-108. doi: 10.22034/ceciranj.2020.200510.1263
Yadolahi Saber F, Ebrahimi ME, Zamani N, Sahebi A. The Effect of Choice Theory Training on Responsibility and Hopefulness of Female Students Islamic Azad University Hamedan. Social Cognition, 2019; 8(1): 165-174. doi: 10.30473/sc.2019.32877.2019
Khoshakhlagh, M., sedaghati fard, M. Explanation and prediction of mental health and self-satisfaction based on childhood trauma. Family and Health, 2024; 14(1): 205-225. doi: 22034/fh.2024.2025457.1310