اثر محلول‌پاشی اِل فنیل آلانین بر خصوصیات مورفو-فیزیولوژی و فیتوشیمی فلفل قرمز (Capsicum annuum L.) تحت تیمارهای مختلف آبیاری

محورهای موضوعی : فیتوشیمی

سمیرا اصغری لالمی ¹ (گروه زراعت و گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران)
عبدالله قاسمی پیربلوطی ² (مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرقدس، تهران)
فریبرز معطر ³ (استاد بازنشسته دانشکده داروسازی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان و تحقیق و توسعه شرکت داروسازی گل دارو، اصفهان، ایران)
فائزه رجب زاده ⁴ (گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهرقدس، تهران، ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/04/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/05/20 تاریخ انتشار : 1402/07/01

کلید واژه: کم آبیاری, فنل کل, ویتامین ث, روش آبیاری, فلفل تند, درجه تندی,

چکیده مقاله :

پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارزیابی اثر محلول‌پاشی اِل فنیل آلانین بر خصوصیات رشدی و فیتوشیمی فلفل قرمز (Capsicum annuum L.) تحت شرایط تیمارهای آبیاری در مزرعه تحقیقاتی شرکت گل دارو اصفهان به صورت طرح آزمایشی کرت دوبار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در سال زراعی 98-97 اجرا شد. شرایط رطوبتی (آبیاری مطلوب و کم آبیاری)، روش‌ آبیاری (قطره ای و غرقابی) و محلول‌پاشی اِل فنیل آلانین (شاهد منفی، شاهد مثبت یا حلال آب، و اِل فنیل آلانین در دو سطح 2000 و 4000 پی پی ام) فاکتورهای مورد آزمایش بودند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین ارتفاع بوته مربوط محلول پاشی اِل فنیل آلانین (2000 پی پی ام) × آبیاری مطلوب، بالاترین وزن تر میوه مربوط به محلول پاشی اِل فنیل آلانین (2000 پی پی ام) × کم آبیاری × آبیاری تحت فشار و بیشترین وزن خشک میوه مربوط به آبیاری تحت فشار × هر دو شرایط آبیاری × محلول‌پاشی (غلظت 2000 پی پی ام اِل فنیل آلانین) بود. هم‌چنین بیشترین درجه تندی بر حسب میزان کاپسایسین مربوط به تیمار آبیاری غرقابی × محلول‌پاشی (غلظت 2000 پی پی ام اِل فنیل آلانین) × کم آبیاری بود. بیشترین میزان ویتامین ث مربوط به محلول‌پاشی با آب × هر دو شرایط آبیاری و بالاترین میزان فنل کل در آبیاری قطره ای × کم آبیاری × محلول‌پاشی با آب مشاهده شدند. به طور کلی، نتایج بیانگر اثرات منفی کم آبیاری بر صفات رشدی فلفل قرمز بود، البته تحت این شرایط برخی خصوصیات فیتوشیمی شامل تندی، ویتامین ث و میزان فنل کل افزایش داشتند. در نهایت می‌توان چنین نتیجه گرفت که محلول‌پاشی اِل فنیل آلانین با غلظت 2000 پی پی ام و آبیاری از نوع تحت فشار توانستند سبب بهبود کیفیت و کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی ناشی از کم آبیاری بر ویژگی‌های عملکردی فلفل قرمز در شرایط خشک و نیمه خشک شود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of L-phenylalanine foliar application on morpho-physiological and phytochemical properties of red pepper under different irrigation treatments (type and amount) in the filed experimental at Goldaru Herbal Pharmaceutical Company, Isfahan as a split-split plot experimental in the randomized complete block design (RCBD) in 2018. Experimental factors included: moisture conditions (optimum and reduced irrigation), irrigation methods (drip and flood irrigation) and different levels of the foliar application (negative control; positive control or water as solvent; L-phenylalanine at 2000 and 4000 ppm). The results indicated that the highest the plant height was related to the application of 2000 ppm phenylalanine optimum irrigation (69.3 cm), the highest values of the fresh and dry fruit weights were related to 2000 ppm L-phenylalanine × reduced irrigation × drip irrigation (6.60 g/m2) and L-phenylalanine (at 2000 ppm) × optimum and reduced irrigation × drip irrigation (2.18 g/m2), respectively. Results of the biochemical traits showed that the highest degree of intensity was under L-phenylalanine (at 2000 ppm) × reduced irrigation × flood irrigation (449 g/m2). In addition, the maximum values of vitamin C and total phenol were related to the water foliar application × optimum and reduced irrigation conditions (0.82 and 0.72 mg/g dry weight) and the water foliar application × reduced irrigation × drip irrigation (2.15 mg GAE/ g dry weight), respectively. In general, the results of this study showed the negative effect of drought stress or reduced irrigation on the growth traits of red pepper, however, reduced irrigation enhanced the degree of intensity, vitamin C and total phenol. In conclusion, the foliar application of L-phenylalanine (at 2000 ppm) could improve the quality and reduced the negative effects reduced irrigation on the growth and yield of red pepper under arid and semiarid climate.

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