بررسی فیتوشیمیایی، آنتی‌اکسیدانی و مهارکنندگی آنزیمی عصاره‌های مختلف گیاه دارویی .Salvia hypoleuca Benth
محورهای موضوعی :
فیتوشیمی
بهور اصغری
1
(دانشیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران.)
سودابه مفاخری
2
(استادیار، گروه مهندسی علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران)
مجید قربانی نهوجی
3
(استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران)
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/04/28
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/06/10
تاریخ انتشار : 1400/12/12
کلید واژه:
عصاره,
مریم گلی,
محتوای متابولیتی,
مهار آنزیمی,
چکیده مقاله :
گونه های مختلف جنس مریم گلی (Salvia)، گیاهانی هستند که از اسانس ها و عصاره های آنها در صنایع مختلف دارویی، غذایی و آرایشی به شکل گسترده ای استفاده می شود. Salvia hypoleuca Benth. یک گونه بومی این جنس در ایران است که اندام هوایی آن در مرحله گلدهی در تابستان 1399 از اطراف شهرستان الموت استان قزوین جمع آوری شد. در مطالعه حاضر محتوای فنل کل، فلاونوئید، ساپونین و تانن، چهار عصاره هگزانی، اتیل استاتی، متانولی و آبی که با استفاده از روش ماسراسیون تهیه شده بودند، مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. خواص آنتی اکسیدانتی این عصاره ها نیز با استفاده از روش های DPPH، ABTS، فسفومولیبدنیوم و کیلیت کنندگی آهن و قدرت مهارکنندگی آنزیم های آلفا-آمیلاز، آلفا-گلوکوزیداز و تیروزیناز با استفاده از روش اسپکتروفتومتری اندازه گیری شد. بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده عصاره اتیل استاتی به ترتیب با مقادیر 07/87 و 84/163 میلی گرم معادل گالیک اسید و ساپونین کوئیلاجا بر گرم عصاره دارای بالاترین مقدار محتوای فنلی و ساپونینی بود. عصاره آبی این گیاه نیز با دارا بودن به ترتیب 97/33 و 34/5 میلی گرم معادل کوئرستین و کتچین برگرم عصاره دارای بالاترین محتوای فلاونوئیدی و تاننی متراکم بود. عصاره اتیل استاتی بالاترین قدرت به دام اندازی رادیکال های آزاد ABTS، فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانتی تام، قدرت کلیت کنندگی یون فروس و قدرت بازدارندگی فعالیت آنزیم های آلفا-آمیلاز، آلفا-گلوکوزیداز و تیروزیناز را از خود نشان داد. پتانسیل بالای عصاره اتیل استاتی در خواص بیولوژیکی نظیر آنتی اکسیدانتی و ضدرادیکالی، می تواند به محتوای بالای متابولیتی آن به ویژه، ترکیبات فنولی و ساپونینی مربوط باشد. به این ترتیب می توان نتیجه گرفت که این گیاه منبعی غنی از متابولیت های ثانویه فعال است که بهترین حلال استخراجی برای این ترکیبات اتیل استات می باشد. نتایج این تحقیق پتانسیل احتمالی گیاه S. hypoleuca را برای استفاده های دارویی، به ویژه برای مقابله با دیابت و بیماری های پوستی تأیید کرد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Various species of Salvia has been used in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.In this study, aerial parts of Salvia hypoleuca L. which is an endemic plant to Iran were collected during the flowering stage in the summer of 2020 from Alamut city of Qazvin province. In the present study, the total content of phenolic, flavonoid, saponin and tannins, four hexane, ethyl acetate, methanolic and aqueous extracts prepared by maceration method were investigated. The antioxidant properties of these extracts were measured by DPPH, ABTS, phosphomolybdenum and iron chelating methods. In addition, α-amylase, α-glucosidase and tyrosinase enzyme inhibitory effects of the plant were measured by spectrophotometry. Based on the results, ethyl acetate extract of the plant had the highest phenolic and saponin content with values of 87.07 mg gallic acid g-1 and 163.84 mg quillaja saponin g-1, respectively. The aqueous extract of the plant exhibited the highest amounts of flavonoids and condensed tannins content with 33.97 and 5.34 mg quercetin and catechin g-1 in the extract, respectively. Ethyl acetate extract indicated the highest ABTS radical scavenging, total antioxidant, ferrous ion chelating activities, as well as inhibitory effects of α-amylase, α-glucosidase and tyrosinase inhibition properties. The high potential of ethyl acetate extract in biological properties, like antioxidant and antiradical activities could be attributed to its high metabolite contents especially, phenolic and saponin compounds. Thus, it could be concluded that this plant is a rich source of functional secondary metabolites and ethyl acetate is the best extractant solvent. The results of this study confirmed the potential of Salvia hypoleuca for medicinal uses, especially for diabetes and skin diseases.
منابع و مأخذ:
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Ali, L., Khan, S., Nazir, M., Raiz, N., Naz, S., Zengin, G., Mukhtar, M., Parveen, S., Shazmeen, N., Saleem, M. and Tareen, R.B., 2021. Chemical profiling, in vitro biological activities and Pearson correlation between phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of Caragana brachyantha f. South African Journal of Botany, 140: 189-193.
Asghari, B., Habibzadeh, F., Ghorbani Nohooji, M., 2019. Persian Thyme (Thymus persicus): a plant containing active metabolites with antioxidant, anti-diabetic and anti-Alzheimer effects. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 18(70): 97-109.
Asghari, B., Mafakheri, S., Zengin, G., Dinparast, L. and Bahadori, M.B., 2020. In-depth study of phytochemical composition, antioxidant activity, enzyme inhibitory and antiproliferative properties of Achillea filipendulina: a good candidate for designing biologically-active food products. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 14: 2196-2208.
Asghari, B., Salehi, P., Farimani, M.M. and Ebrahimi, S.N., 2015. α-glucosidase inhibitors from fruits of Rosa canina Records of natural products, 9(3): 276-283.
Bahadori, M.B., Valizadeh, H., Asghari, B., Dinparast, L., Bahadori, S. and Moridi Farimani, M., 2016. Biological activities of Salvia santolinifolia a multifunctional medicinal plant. Current Bioactive Compounds, 12(4): 297-305.
Baghaenezhad, M., Mollania, N. and Kazemi-Noreini, S., 2021. Antioxidant capacities, antimicrobial activity, phenolic contents and α-amylase inhibitory of Salvia leriifolia extracts from Sabzevar. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions A: Science, 1-9.
Bekir, J., Mars, M., Souchard, J.P. and Bouajila, J., 2013. Assessment of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cholinesterase and cytotoxic activities of pomegranate (Punica granatum) leaves. Food and chemical toxicology, 55: 470-475.
Bigdeli, M., Rustaiyan, A., Nadimi, M. and Masoudi, S., 2005. Composition of the essential oil from roots of Salvia hypoleuca from Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 17(1): 82-83.
Brown, A., Anderson, D., Racicot, K., Pilkenton, S.J. and Apostolidis, E., 2017. Evaluation of phenolic phytochemical enriched commercial plant extracts on the in vitro inhibition of α-glucosidase. Frontiers in nutrition, 4, Article. 56.
Chaita, E., Lambrinidis, G., Cheimonidi, C., Agalou, A., Beis, D., Trougakos, I., Mikros, E., Skaltsounis, A.L. and Aligiannis, N., 2017. Anti-melanogenic properties of Greek plants. A novel depigmenting agent from Morus alba Molecules, 22(4): 514.
Chen, X.X., Shi, Y., Chai, W.M., Feng, H.L., Zhuang, J.X. and Chen, Q.X., 2014. Condensed tannins from Ficus virens as tyrosinase inhibitors: structure, inhibitory activity and molecular mechanism. PLoS One, 9(3): e91809.
Craft, B.D., Kerrihard, A.L., Amarowicz, R. and Pegg, R.B., 2012. Phenol‐based antioxidants and the in vitro methods used for their assessment. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 11(2): 148-173.
Davies, K.M. and Espley, R.V., 2013. Opportunities and challenges for metabolic engineering of secondary metabolite pathways for improved human health characters in fruit and vegetable crops. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science, 41(3): 154-177.
Doughari, J.H., Ndakidemi, P.A., Human, I.S. and Benade, S., 2012. Antioxidant, antimicrobial and antiverotoxic potentials of extracts of Curtisia dentata. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 141(3): 1041-1050.
Eidi A, Parivar K, Mazouji A, Akhtari Z., 2006. Antinociceptive effects of essential oil of Salvia hypoleuca in mice. Medical Sciences, 16(3): 165-169.
Elzaawely, A.A., Xuan, T.D. and Tawata, S., 2005. Antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Rumex japonicus H OUTT. aerial parts. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 28(12): 2225-2230.
Fallah Huseini, H., Asghari, B., Asgarpanah, J., Babai Zarch, A. and Eghbali Zarch, T., 2013. Effect of polar and nom-polar Aloe vera leaf extracts on α-amylase and α-glucosidases inhibitory activity In vitro. Journal of Medicinal Plants, 12(48): 160-169.
Firuzi, O., Miri, R., Asadollahi, M., Eslami, S. and Jassbi, A.R., 2013. Cytotoxic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and phenolic contents of eleven Salvia species from Iran. Iranian journal of pharmaceutical research: Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 12(4): 801-810.
Forman, H.J. and Zhang, H., 2021. Targeting oxidative stress in disease: Promise and limitations of antioxidant therapy. Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, 1-21.
Gheshlaghpour, J., Asghari, B., Khademian, R. and Sedaghati, B., 2021. Silicon alleviates cadmium stress in basil (Ocimum basilicum) through alteration of phytochemical and physiological characteristics. Industrial Crops and Products, 163: 113338.
Gourlay, G. and Constabel, C.P., 2019. Condensed tannins are inducible antioxidants and protect hybrid poplar against oxidative stress. Tree Physiology, 39(3): 345-355.
Habib, K.D., Giti, B. and Ali, M., 2016. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil from Salvia hypoleuca at different growth stages. Nusantara Bioscience, 8(2): 145-149.
Han, Y., Chi, J., Zhang, M., Zhang, R., Fan, S., Huang, F., Xue, K. and Liu, L., 2019. Characterization of saponins and phenolic compounds: antioxidant activity and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase in different varieties of colored quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd). Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 83(11): 2128-2139.
Hedge, I.C., 1982. Salvia in: K. H. Rechinger, Ed., flora Iranica. Academische Druck-U. Verlagsantalt, Graze, Vol. 150: 403-476.
Jain, P., Bhuiyan, M.H., Hossain, K.R. and Bachar, S.C., 2011. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of local seeded banana fruits. African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 5(11): 1398-1403.
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