ارزیابی تنوع اکومورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی Artemisia sieberi Besser. در رویشگاههای مختلف استان قم
محورهای موضوعی :
گیاهان دارویی
شهرام یزدی فر
1
(دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
حسنعلی نقدی بادی
2
(دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران)
علی مهرآفرین
3
(استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی جهاد دانشگاهی، کرج، ایران)
سپیده کلاته جاری
4
(استادیار، گروه علوم باغبانی و زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
الهام دانائی
5
(استادیار،گروه علوم باغبانی، واحد گرمسار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرمسار، ایران)
تاریخ دریافت : 1400/07/03
تاریخ پذیرش : 1400/10/11
تاریخ انتشار : 1401/03/13
کلید واژه:
پرولین,
کلروفیل,
اسانس,
فنول,
درمنه دشتی,
چکیده مقاله :
در این تحقیق به‌منظور بررسی و مقایسه صفات مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی Artemisia sieberi، سرشاخه‌های هوایی و گلدار گیاه به‌صورت تصادفی از 20 منطقه مختلف استان قم جمع آوری گردید. صفات مورد بررسی شامل: ارتفاع گیاه، وزن خشک برگ و ساقه، درصد خاکستر برگ، طول و عرض برگ، وزن خشک اندام‎هوایی، میزان کلروفیل، قندهای محلول، پرولین، فنول، فلاونوئید و میزان اسانس جمعیت های مختلف بانضمام شرایط اکولوژیکی و ترکیبات خاک در هر منطقه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. با توجه به تنوع اکولوژیکی رویشگاه‎های استان قم و بر اساس تجزیه به مولفه‎های اصلی[1] برای خصوصیات اکومورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی جمعیت‎های درمنه دشتی، بیشترین تنوع خصوصیات و بار عاملی به ترتیب در صفات میزان کلروفیل a، b و مقدار وزن خشک اندام ‎هوایی به عنوان مهم‌ترین خصوصیات متمایزکننده جمعیت‎های درمنه دشتی مشاهده شد. نتایج حاصل از تجزیه‎خوشه‎ای[2] جدایی جمعیت‎های درمنه دشتی را در 2 گروه اصلی به‌ترتیب با 13 و 7 جمعیت در دندروگرام سلسله مراتبی نشان داد. نتایج حاصل از همبستگی صفات نشان داد که وزن خشک با میزان کلرفیل و درصد اسانس ارتباط معنی‌دار مثبت داشته است. به‌طورکلی میزان پرولین، قندهای محلول، فنول و فلاونوئید، ارتباط معنی‌داری با صفات اکولوژیکی، دمایی و میزان بارندگی در هر منطقه دارد. ارتفاع هر منطقه با میزان پرولین دارای همبستگی منفی و با درصد اسانس همبستگی مثبت داشته است، به‌طورکلی با افزایش ارتفاع میزان پرولین کاهش و درصد اسانس افزایش می‌یابد که جمعیت ونان با بیشترین ارتفاع، بیشترین درصد اسانس را نشان داده است. به‌طورکلی میزان بارندگی و ارتفاع محیط بر شکل ظاهری و میزان ترکیبات گیاه موثر است.
چکیده انگلیسی:
In this study, in order to study and compare the morphological and phytochemical traits of Artemisia sieberi Besser., aerial parts of the plant at the full flowering stage were collected randomly from 20 different regions of Qom province. Morph physiological and phytochemical traits including plant height, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, leaf ash percentage, leaf and width length, shoot dry weight, as well as chlorophyll content, soluble sugars, proline, phenol, flavonoid, and essential oil percentage of different populations, were measured. In addition, ecological conditions and soil composition in each area were assessed. Due to the ecological diversity of habitats in Qom province and based on the analysis of the main components for ecomorphological and phytochemical traits of Artemisia sieberi populations, the highest diversity of characteristics and factor load was observed in chlorophyll a, b and aerial dry weight as the most important distinguishing feature of A. sieberi populations, respectively. The results of cluster analysis showed the separation of A. sieberi populations in two main groups with 13 and 7 populations in a hierarchical dendrogram, respectively. The results of correlation of traits showed that aerial dry weight had a significant positive relationship with chlorophyll and essential oil content. In general, the amount of proline, soluble sugars, phenols and flavonoids had a significant relationship with ecological traits, temperature and rainfall in each region. In addition, the altitude of each region was negatively correlated with the amount of proline and positively correlated with the percentage of essential oil, so that the population of Vanan with the highest altitude had the highest percentage of essential oil. In general, the amount of rainfall and the height of the environment affect the appearance and amount of plant compounds.
منابع و مأخذ:
Abad, M.J., Bedoya, L.M., Apaza, L., and Bermejo, P. 2012. The Artemisia genus: a review of bioactive essential oils. Molecules, 17(3): 2542-2566.
Abd El-Ghani, M.M., Hamdy, R., and Hamed, A. 2014. Aspects of vegetation and soil relationships around athalassohaline lakes of Wadi El-Natrun, Western Desert, Egypt. Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences 4(1): 21-35.
Arianfar, M., Akbarinodehi, D., Hemati, K., and Rostampoor, M. 2018. Effects of altitude and aspect on efficiency of producing essence and phytochemical properties of Artemisia aucheri Boiss and Artemisia sieberi Besser in South Khorasan rangelands. Rangeland, 12(3): 281-294.
Arnon, A.N. 1967. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Journal of Agronomy, 23:112-126.
Azarnivand, H., Jafari, M., Moghadam, M., Jalili, A., and Zare Chahouki, M. 2003. Investigation of the effect of soil properties and altitude changes on the distribution of two species of Artemisia (Case study: Rangelands of Wardavard, Garmsar and Semnan), 56(1-2): 93-100.
Azarnivand, H., and Zare-chahoki, M.A. 2011. Rangeland ecology. Tehran University Press, Iran, 345
Azarnivand, H., Zarechahoki, M., Rabiee, M., and Jalili, A. 2008. Anatomical characteristics of Artemisia sieberi (case study: vard-avard, garmsar, semnan). Pajouhesh-Va-Sazandegi, 21(3): 100-107.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., and Teare, I. D. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil. 39: 205–207.
Behtari, B., Gholami, F., Khalid, A.K., Tilaki, G.D., and Bahari, R. 2012. Effect of growth stages and altitude on Artemisia herba-alba asso essential oil growing in Iran. J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plants, 15: 307-313.
Bishop, J.F., Matthews, J.P., and Young, G.A. 1996. A randomized study of high-dose cytarabine in induction in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 87(5):1710-1717.
Chang, C., Yang, M., Wen, H., and Chern, J. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal Food Drug Analysis. 10: 178-182.
Dehghani Bidgoli, R. 2012. Comparison of the effect of some ecological and grazing parameters on the quantity and quality of essential oils of Artemisia sieberi and Artemisia aucheri species in steppe and semi steppe rangelands of Isfahan province. Ph.D. Thesis of Range Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.
Dubois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebers, P.A., and Smith, F. 1956. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Annual Chemistry. 28, 350-356.
Etminan Aghtaee, A., Kheyrkhah, B., and Bagheri, R. 2012. Study of antimicrobial effect of Artemisia sieberi in different grazing conditions on the Salmonella enteritidis. Journal of Comparative Pathobiology Iran, 2 (37): 651-656.
Farzaneh, M., Ahmadzadeh, M., Hadcian, J., and Tehrani, A.S. 2006. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essential oils of three species of Artemisia on some soil-borne phytopathogens. Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, 71, 1327-1333. (In Persian)
Ghahreman, A. 1987. Iranian Plants Flor. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands press. (In Persian)
Ghahreman, A. 1988. Flora of Iran. 11: 1272.
Haider, F.N., Kumar, S., Banerigee, A., Naqvi and Baggi, G. 2009. Effect of altitude on the essential oil constituents of Artemisia roxburghiana Besser Var. Purpurascens (Jacq) Hook. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 21(4): 303-304.
19. Khodagholi, M., Saboohi, R. and Esfahani, E.Z. 2021. A comparison of vegetative climate of Artemisia sieberi Besser and Artemisia aucheri Boiss in Iran, Theor Appl. Climatol, 1434-4483.
Layegh Haghighi, M., Hassanpour Asil, M., and Abbaszadeh, B. 2017. Investigation of morphophysiological traits, essential oil percentage and some elements of Artemisia sieberi affected by changes in habitat soil (Case study: Hoz Soltan lake in Qom). Iranian journal of Horticultural Sciences, 48(1): 61-71.
Mirhaji, S., Jalili, A., Jafari, M., Akbarzadeh, M., and Farzaneh, Z. 2001. Ecological comparision of Artemisia species in Semnan Province. Pajouhesh-Va-Sazandegi, 14(3):95-102.
Mohtashamnia, S., 2011. Investigating the most important Environmental factors on Artemisia genus distribution in Fars Province (Case study: Fars Steppinc Rangelands). Natural Ecosystems of Iran, 1(3): 75-85.
Morshedi, A., Dashti-R.M., Dehghan-H.M., Bagherinasab, M., and Salami, A. 2011. The Effect of Artemisia sieberi on Infkammatory and Neurogenic Pain in Mice. Journal Med. Plants. 10 (40): 48-57
Mousaei Sanjerehei, M., and Rundel, P.W. The impact of climate change on habitat suitability for Artemisia sieberi and Artemisia aucheri (Asteraceae): a modeling approach, polish Journal of ecology, 65 (1): 97-109.
Mozaffarian, V. 2013. Identification of medicinal and aromatic plants of Iran. Farhang Moaser Publishers. Third edition, pp.1444.
Munoz, S., Jesus Cambrolle, J.B., and Gallego- Fernandez, B. 2015. Effect of soil characteristics on plant distribution in coastal ecosystems of SW Iberian Peninsula sand spits. Journal of Plant Ecology, 216: 1551-1570.
Najafi, M., Gholampour Azizi, I., Hashemi Karouei, M., Khani, D., and Rouhi, S. 2018. Investigation of the anti-growth effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Artemisia deserti on Malassezia furfur isolated from clinical specimen. Razi journal of medical sciences. 25(166), pp.100-106.
Nigam, M., Atanassova, M., Mishra, A. P., Pezzani, R., Devkota, H.P., Plygun, S., and Salehi, B. 2019. Bioactive compounds and health benefits of Artemisia Nat Prod Commun. 14(7): 1-17.
Nunes, G.K.M., and Santos, S.B. 2012. Environmental factors affecting the distribution of land snails in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, RJ, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 72(1): 79-86.
Rabiei, M., Jalili, A., Asri, Y., and Hamzehei, B. 2009. Population variation of Artemisia sieberi in Iran based on quantitative characters of leaf and seed and their relationships with habitat features. Rostaniha, 10(34): 51-67.
Ramak, P., and Asri, Y. 2019. Effect of growth degree days and soil properties on phenology and morphological characters of Allium jesdianum Boiss & Buhse. in Lorestan Province. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 10 (4): 35-52
Royo, P., Martin-Casabona, N., Martinez, E., and Andonegui, M. 1999. In vitro susceptibility of Mycobacterium kansasii to the difluorinated quinolone of spoufloxacin using a broth microdilution and macrodilution MIC system. Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 3(4): 349-53.
Salehi, B., Sharopov, F., and Martorell, M. 2018, Phytochemicals in Helicobacter pylori infections: what are we doing now. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19(8): 23-61.
Sefidkon, F., Tayefeh Hendi. E., Fakhari F. and Teimouri, M.B. 2013. Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activities of oil and alcoholic extract of Artemisia spicigera Koch. From Mazandaran Province. Eco-Phytochemical Journal of Medical Plants, 1(2): 1-12. (In Persian)
Sharifi-rad, J., Sureda, A., and Tenore, G. 2017, Biological activities of essential oils: from plant chemoecology to traditional healing systems. Molecules, 22(1):70.
Sharifi-rad, M., Nazaruk, J., and Polito, L. 2018. Matricaria genus as a source of antimicrobial agents: From farm to pharmacy and food applications. Microbiol Res., 215:76-88.
Singleton, V. L., Orthofer, R., Lamuela-Raventos, R. M., 1999. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol. 299: 152-179.
Yaghmaei, L., Soltani Koupaei, S., and Khoda Gholi, M. 2008. Effect of climatic factors on distribution of Artemisia sieberi and Artemisia aucheri in Isfahan province using multivariate statistical methods. Water and Soil Science (Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources), 12(44): 359-371.
Younsi, Z., Zhidenko, A., Rezzolla, L., Konoplya, R., and Mizuno, Y. 2016. New method for shadow calculations: Application to parametrized axisymmetric black holes. Phys. Rev. 94(8): 084025.
Youssefi, M.R., Abouhosseini, T., and Moghadamnia, A.A. 2017. In vitro and in vivo activity of Artemisia sieberi against Trichomonas gallinae. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, Shiraz University. IJVR, 18(1): 25-29.
Zare, M., Ganj Khanloo, H., Sharifi Ashorabadi, E., and Maddah Arefi, H. 2013. Evaluation of genetic variation, compatibility, selection and introduction of suitable germplasm within Thymus daenensis accessions in centric province. Eco-phytochemical Journal of medical plants, 1(1):15-24.
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Abad, M.J., Bedoya, L.M., Apaza, L., and Bermejo, P. 2012. The Artemisia genus: a review of bioactive essential oils. Molecules, 17(3): 2542-2566.
Abd El-Ghani, M.M., Hamdy, R., and Hamed, A. 2014. Aspects of vegetation and soil relationships around athalassohaline lakes of Wadi El-Natrun, Western Desert, Egypt. Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences 4(1): 21-35.
Arianfar, M., Akbarinodehi, D., Hemati, K., and Rostampoor, M. 2018. Effects of altitude and aspect on efficiency of producing essence and phytochemical properties of Artemisia aucheri Boiss and Artemisia sieberi Besser in South Khorasan rangelands. Rangeland, 12(3): 281-294.
Arnon, A.N. 1967. Method of extraction of chlorophyll in the plants. Journal of Agronomy, 23:112-126.
Azarnivand, H., Jafari, M., Moghadam, M., Jalili, A., and Zare Chahouki, M. 2003. Investigation of the effect of soil properties and altitude changes on the distribution of two species of Artemisia (Case study: Rangelands of Wardavard, Garmsar and Semnan), 56(1-2): 93-100.
Azarnivand, H., and Zare-chahoki, M.A. 2011. Rangeland ecology. Tehran University Press, Iran, 345
Azarnivand, H., Zarechahoki, M., Rabiee, M., and Jalili, A. 2008. Anatomical characteristics of Artemisia sieberi (case study: vard-avard, garmsar, semnan). Pajouhesh-Va-Sazandegi, 21(3): 100-107.
Bates, L.S., Waldren, R.P., and Teare, I. D. 1973. Rapid determination of free proline for water-stress studies. Plant Soil. 39: 205–207.
Behtari, B., Gholami, F., Khalid, A.K., Tilaki, G.D., and Bahari, R. 2012. Effect of growth stages and altitude on Artemisia herba-alba asso essential oil growing in Iran. J. Essent. Oil Bear. Plants, 15: 307-313.
Bishop, J.F., Matthews, J.P., and Young, G.A. 1996. A randomized study of high-dose cytarabine in induction in acute myeloid leukemia. Blood. 87(5):1710-1717.
Chang, C., Yang, M., Wen, H., and Chern, J. 2002. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. Journal Food Drug Analysis. 10: 178-182.
Dehghani Bidgoli, R. 2012. Comparison of the effect of some ecological and grazing parameters on the quantity and quality of essential oils of Artemisia sieberi and Artemisia aucheri species in steppe and semi steppe rangelands of Isfahan province. Ph.D. Thesis of Range Management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.
Dubois, M., Gilles, K.A., Hamilton, J.K., Rebers, P.A., and Smith, F. 1956. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Annual Chemistry. 28, 350-356.
Etminan Aghtaee, A., Kheyrkhah, B., and Bagheri, R. 2012. Study of antimicrobial effect of Artemisia sieberi in different grazing conditions on the Salmonella enteritidis. Journal of Comparative Pathobiology Iran, 2 (37): 651-656.
Farzaneh, M., Ahmadzadeh, M., Hadcian, J., and Tehrani, A.S. 2006. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essential oils of three species of Artemisia on some soil-borne phytopathogens. Communications in Agricultural and Applied Biological Sciences, 71, 1327-1333. (In Persian)
Ghahreman, A. 1987. Iranian Plants Flor. Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands press. (In Persian)
Ghahreman, A. 1988. Flora of Iran. 11: 1272.
Haider, F.N., Kumar, S., Banerigee, A., Naqvi and Baggi, G. 2009. Effect of altitude on the essential oil constituents of Artemisia roxburghiana Besser Var. Purpurascens (Jacq) Hook. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 21(4): 303-304.
19. Khodagholi, M., Saboohi, R. and Esfahani, E.Z. 2021. A comparison of vegetative climate of Artemisia sieberi Besser and Artemisia aucheri Boiss in Iran, Theor Appl. Climatol, 1434-4483.
Layegh Haghighi, M., Hassanpour Asil, M., and Abbaszadeh, B. 2017. Investigation of morphophysiological traits, essential oil percentage and some elements of Artemisia sieberi affected by changes in habitat soil (Case study: Hoz Soltan lake in Qom). Iranian journal of Horticultural Sciences, 48(1): 61-71.
Mirhaji, S., Jalili, A., Jafari, M., Akbarzadeh, M., and Farzaneh, Z. 2001. Ecological comparision of Artemisia species in Semnan Province. Pajouhesh-Va-Sazandegi, 14(3):95-102.
Mohtashamnia, S., 2011. Investigating the most important Environmental factors on Artemisia genus distribution in Fars Province (Case study: Fars Steppinc Rangelands). Natural Ecosystems of Iran, 1(3): 75-85.
Morshedi, A., Dashti-R.M., Dehghan-H.M., Bagherinasab, M., and Salami, A. 2011. The Effect of Artemisia sieberi on Infkammatory and Neurogenic Pain in Mice. Journal Med. Plants. 10 (40): 48-57
Mousaei Sanjerehei, M., and Rundel, P.W. The impact of climate change on habitat suitability for Artemisia sieberi and Artemisia aucheri (Asteraceae): a modeling approach, polish Journal of ecology, 65 (1): 97-109.
Mozaffarian, V. 2013. Identification of medicinal and aromatic plants of Iran. Farhang Moaser Publishers. Third edition, pp.1444.
Munoz, S., Jesus Cambrolle, J.B., and Gallego- Fernandez, B. 2015. Effect of soil characteristics on plant distribution in coastal ecosystems of SW Iberian Peninsula sand spits. Journal of Plant Ecology, 216: 1551-1570.
Najafi, M., Gholampour Azizi, I., Hashemi Karouei, M., Khani, D., and Rouhi, S. 2018. Investigation of the anti-growth effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Artemisia deserti on Malassezia furfur isolated from clinical specimen. Razi journal of medical sciences. 25(166), pp.100-106.
Nigam, M., Atanassova, M., Mishra, A. P., Pezzani, R., Devkota, H.P., Plygun, S., and Salehi, B. 2019. Bioactive compounds and health benefits of Artemisia Nat Prod Commun. 14(7): 1-17.
Nunes, G.K.M., and Santos, S.B. 2012. Environmental factors affecting the distribution of land snails in the Atlantic Rain Forest of Ilha Grande, Angra dos Reis, RJ, Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Biology. 72(1): 79-86.
Rabiei, M., Jalili, A., Asri, Y., and Hamzehei, B. 2009. Population variation of Artemisia sieberi in Iran based on quantitative characters of leaf and seed and their relationships with habitat features. Rostaniha, 10(34): 51-67.
Ramak, P., and Asri, Y. 2019. Effect of growth degree days and soil properties on phenology and morphological characters of Allium jesdianum Boiss & Buhse. in Lorestan Province. Iranian Journal of Plant Biology, 10 (4): 35-52
Royo, P., Martin-Casabona, N., Martinez, E., and Andonegui, M. 1999. In vitro susceptibility of Mycobacterium kansasii to the difluorinated quinolone of spoufloxacin using a broth microdilution and macrodilution MIC system. Tuberculosis and Lung Disease. 3(4): 349-53.
Salehi, B., Sharopov, F., and Martorell, M. 2018, Phytochemicals in Helicobacter pylori infections: what are we doing now. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19(8): 23-61.
Sefidkon, F., Tayefeh Hendi. E., Fakhari F. and Teimouri, M.B. 2013. Essential oil composition and antimicrobial activities of oil and alcoholic extract of Artemisia spicigera Koch. From Mazandaran Province. Eco-Phytochemical Journal of Medical Plants, 1(2): 1-12. (In Persian)
Sharifi-rad, J., Sureda, A., and Tenore, G. 2017, Biological activities of essential oils: from plant chemoecology to traditional healing systems. Molecules, 22(1):70.
Sharifi-rad, M., Nazaruk, J., and Polito, L. 2018. Matricaria genus as a source of antimicrobial agents: From farm to pharmacy and food applications. Microbiol Res., 215:76-88.
Singleton, V. L., Orthofer, R., Lamuela-Raventos, R. M., 1999. Analysis of total phenols and other oxidation substrates and antioxidants by means of Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Methods Enzymol. 299: 152-179.
Yaghmaei, L., Soltani Koupaei, S., and Khoda Gholi, M. 2008. Effect of climatic factors on distribution of Artemisia sieberi and Artemisia aucheri in Isfahan province using multivariate statistical methods. Water and Soil Science (Journal of Science and Technology of Agriculture and Natural Resources), 12(44): 359-371.
Younsi, Z., Zhidenko, A., Rezzolla, L., Konoplya, R., and Mizuno, Y. 2016. New method for shadow calculations: Application to parametrized axisymmetric black holes. Phys. Rev. 94(8): 084025.
Youssefi, M.R., Abouhosseini, T., and Moghadamnia, A.A. 2017. In vitro and in vivo activity of Artemisia sieberi against Trichomonas gallinae. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, Shiraz University. IJVR, 18(1): 25-29.
Zare, M., Ganj Khanloo, H., Sharifi Ashorabadi, E., and Maddah Arefi, H. 2013. Evaluation of genetic variation, compatibility, selection and introduction of suitable germplasm within Thymus daenensis accessions in centric province. Eco-phytochemical Journal of medical plants, 1(1):15-24.
