• صفحه اصلی
  • بررسی اثر کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی اسانس گیاه دارویی Satureja hortensis L.

اشتراک گذاری

آدرس مقاله


کد مقاله : EJMP-2005-1580 (R3) بازدید : 165 صفحه: 13 - 29

20.1001.1.23223235.1399.8.2.2.4

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

بررسی اثر کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی اسانس گیاه دارویی Satureja hortensis L.

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

علی قادری 1 ( دپارتمان مهندسی تولیدات گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای استان خراسان رضوی، ایران )
علی نوعی 2 ( دانشگاه آزاد شیروان )
خدیجه احمدی 3 ( دانشگاه شاهد )
حسین صبوری فرد 4 ( دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای )

تاریخ دریافت : 1399/02/29 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/06/22 تاریخ انتشار : 1399/06/01

کلید واژه: کود بیولوژیک, اسانس, صفات مورفولوژیکی, تیوباسیلوس, مرزه,

چکیده مقاله :

مرزه تابستانی (Satureja hortensis L.) یکی از گیاهان ارزشمند دارویی متعلق به خانواده نعناعیان (Lamiaceae) است. هدف از انجام این مطالعه ارزیابی اثر کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی بر ویژگی‌های مورفولوژیکی و فیتوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی Satureja hortensis L.بود. مطالعه حاضر به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب بلوک های کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی شهر گلمکان در سال 98-1397 انجام شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس (0 (شاهد)، 5 و 12 کیلوگرم در هر هکتار) و کود شیمیایی (0 (شاهد)، 35 و 70 کیلوگرم در هر هکتار) بودند. اسانس گیاه از برگ های مرزه در مرحله گلدهی توسط دستگاه کلونجر استخراج و سپس ترکیب‌های تشکیل دهنده اسانس توسط GC-MS مورد تجزیه قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که همه صفات مورفولوژیکی گیاه و هم چنین کیفیت و کمیت مواد مؤثره اسانس تحت تأثیر تیمارهای کودی قرار گرفتند. به طوری‌که کاربرد تلفیقی کود بیولوژیک تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی منجر به افزایش صفات مورد بررسی نسبت به شاهدگردید. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته (8/48 سانتی متر)، وزن خشک برگ (7/9 گرم) و دانسیته اسانس (67/3 درصد) در استفاده توأم کود تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی بدست آمد. دو ترکیب اصلی اسانس مرزه شامل: کارواکرول (10/62 درصد) و گاما-ترپینن (04/19 درصد) بیشترین، افزایش را در ترکیب تیماری 12 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود تیوباسیلوس و 70 کیلوگرم در هکتار کود شیمیایی (NPK) نشان دادند. بر اساس نتایج بدست آمده مشخص شد که استفاده از ترکیب تیماری کود تیوباسیلوس و کود شیمیایی می‌تواند ویژگی های مورفولوژیکی، کمیت و کیفیت اسانس مرزه را نیز افزایش دهد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Satureja hortensis L. is one of the valuable plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family that its leaves and flowering branches contain essential oil. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Thiobacillus biological and chemical fertilizers on morphological and phytochemical characteristics of this plant. The present study was carried out as a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design with 3 replications in the research farm of Golmakan town in 2019. Experimental treatments included Thiobacillus biological fertilizer (0, 5 and 12 kg/ha) and chemical fertilizer (0, 35 and 70 kg/ha). Plant essential oil was extracted from savory leaves at flowering stage by Clevenger apparatus, then the constituents of the essential oil were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that all morphological traits of the plant as well as the quality and quantity of the active ingredients of the essential oil were affected by fertilizer treatments. The combined application of biological and chemical fertilizers led to an increase in the studied traits compared to the non-application of fertilizer. The highest plant height (48.8 cm), leaf dry weight (9.7 g) and essential oil density (3.67%) were obtained in the combined use of fertilizers. The two main constituents of savory essential oil including carvacrol (62.10%) and gamaterpinen (19.04%) showed the highest increase in the treatment composition of 12 kg/ha of Thiobacillus fertilizer and 70 kg/ha of chemical fertilizer (NPK). Based on the results, we found that combinations of biofertilizer and chemical fertilizer could increase the morphological characteristics, quantity and quality of savory essential oil.

منابع و مأخذ:


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