مطالعه تغییرات کمی وکیفی کالوس گیاه Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni. تحت تاثیر کاربرد سالیسیلیک اسید و شوری در شرایط کشت جامد و مایع

محورهای موضوعی : گیاهان دارویی

عظیم قاسم نژاد ¹ , مارال سلملیان ² , کامبیز مشایخی ³

1 - ادانشیار گروه باغبانی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.
2 - کارشناس‌ارشد رشته گیاهان دارویی ادویه‌ای و نوشابه‌ای، گرگان، ایران.
3 - دانشیار گروه باغبانی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1395/11/08 تاریخ پذیرش : 1396/03/03 تاریخ انتشار : 1396/09/01

کلید واژه: استویا, ایلیسیتور, رنگریزه‌های فتوسنتزی, قند کل و احیاء, کشت-بافت, محیط کشت مایع,

چکیده مقاله :

تحقیق حاضر به منظور بررسی اثر ایلیسیتور های شوری و سالیسیلیک اسید در محیط کشت جامد و مایع بر برخی از پارامترهای رشدی و بیوشیمیایی کالوس گیاه استویا، از جمله وزن تر، خشک و رنگدانه های درونی با استفاده از روش پیشنهادی بارنس، میزان مهار رادیکال آزاد با استفاده از DPPH، قند کل با استفاده از آنترون و قند احیاء به روش مایلر انجام شد. آزمایش به‌صورت فاکتوریل بر پایه کاملا تصادفی با دو غلظت سالیسیلیک اسید (صفر و 100 میکرومولار) و دو غلظت شوری (صفر و 50 میلی‌مولار) در محیط های کشت جامد و مایع حاوی 5/0 میلی گرم در لیتر BA و 1 میلی گرم در لیتر NAA در 4 تکرار انجام شد. آنالیز نتایج با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SAS, V 9.2صورت گرفت. ایلیسیتور های مورد استفاده و محیط کشت و اثر متقابل این تیمار ها اثر معنی داری بر صفات کمی و کیفی داشتند. وزن تر کالوس تحت تاثیر شوری و سالیسیلیک اسید نسبت به شاهد کاهش یافت. در مقابل وزن خشک در تیمار توأم شوری و سالیسیلیک اسید نسبت به شوری افزایش معنی داری نشان داد. رنگدانه های درونی در تیمار ها به نسبت شاهد افزایش یافت. بیشترین توانمندی مهار رادیکال آزاد در تیمار سالیسیلیک اسید با غلظت 100 میکرومولار و محیط کشت مایع دیده شد. تغییرات قند کل در محیط کشت مایع حاوی 50 میلی مولار شوری در مقایسه با سایر تیمار ها افزایشی بود. در مقابل مقدار قند احیاء در تیمار سالیسیلیک اسید و محیط کشت جامد افزایش معنی‌داری نسبت به سایر تیمارها داشت. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده به نظر می رسد در کشت استویا، در صورت تمایل به تولید متابولیت در شرایط درون شیشه‌ای، بهتر است که از سیستم کشت مایع استفاده گردد و این در حالی است که کشت کالوس با هدف تولید بیومس در سیستم کشت جامد توصیه می‌گردد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Present study was done to evaluate the effect of salinity and salicylic acid in solid and liquid culture media on callus growth and biochemical parameters Stevia like wet and dry weight, photosynthesis pigments, antioxidant activity, total and reduce sugar were measured. A factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with four replications, two different concentrations of salicylic acid (0 and 100µM) and salt (0 and 50mM) in solid and liquid culture media containing 0.5 mg/l NAA and 1 mg/l BA. Result were showed that the using of elicitor and culture and the interaction between the treatments had a significant effect on the measured quantitative and qualitative characteristics. In comparing to the control, the fresh weight callus decreased as affected by salinity and salicylic acid. In contrast, the dry weight of callus significantly increased when treated with elicitors. Internal pigment density of the callus increased when treated by elicitors. The highest antioxidant capacity was observed in liquid medium with containing of 100µM salicylic acid. Total sugar content was observed in medium containing 50 mM salinity. In contrast and compared to the other treatments, the content of reduced sugar in solid culture and under salicylic acid treatment increased significantly. According to the results, duo to increases of metabolit production in Stevia, its need to considering of metabolite culture in invitro conditions and the liquid culture is recommended, while the solid culture would be nessecory to biomass production.

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