ارزیابی ترکیب‌های شیمیایی اسانس دوگونه Nepeta cephalotes Boiss. و Nepeta gloeocephala Rech.f. در دو حالت خشک و تر
محورهای موضوعی : فیتوشیمیمهردخت نجف پور نوایی 1 , مهدی میرزا 2
1 - استادیار پژوهشی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران
2 - 2استاد پژوهشی، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.
کلید واژه: اسانس, Nepeta cephalotes Boiss, Nepeta gloeocephala Rech.f. , 1و 8- سینئول, تر و خشک, نپتا لاکتون,
چکیده مقاله :
دو گونه Nepeta cephalotesBoiss ,Nepeta gloeocephala Rech.f. از گونه‌های انحصاری کشور هستند که در منطقه ایران و تورانی کشور پراکنش دارند. هدف از این تحقیق شناسایی و مقایسه ترکیب‌های شیمیایی موجود در اسانس این دو گونه در حالت تر و خشک بود. بدین منظور سرشاخه‌های گلدار گونه‌های N.gloeocephalaو N.cephalotes به‌ترتیب از رویشگاه‌های طبیعی منطقه کاشان قمصر (قهرود- 1700 متری) و جاده دماوند (1500 متری) در خرداد و تیرماه سال 1394 جمع‌آوری گردید.اسانس نمونه‌های تر و خشک به روش تقطیر با آب (طرح کلونجر) اسانس‌گیری و بازده اسانس محاسبه گردید. ترکیب‌های تشکیل‌دهنده نمونه‌ها با استفاده از دستگاه کروماتوگرافی (GC) و گاز کروماتوگرافی متصل به طیف سنج جرمی (GC-MS) و محاسبه شاخص بازداری و مقایسه با ترکیب‌های موجود در کتابخانه‌های مختلف شناسایی شدند. نتایج بیانگر آن بود که بازده اسانس هردو گونه در حالت خشک از حالت تر بیشتر بود. در گونه Nepeta gloeocephala تعداد 29 ترکیب شناسایی شد که از ماده موثره 1و 8-سینئول در شرایط تر و خشک به‌ترتیب با 9/28 درصد و 5/36 درصد از بالاترین مقدار برخوردار بود. در گونه Nepeta cephaloutes تعداد 17 ترکیب شناسایی شد که نپتا لاکتون-ایزومر(4a α,7 α,7a α-) به‌ترتیب با 43 و 64 درصد در نمونه‌های تر و خشک بیشترین مقدار را داشت.
Nepeta cephalotes Boiss. and Nepeta gloeocephala Rech.f. are the exclusive species ,which are distributed in Irano-Turani region from Iran. The purpose of this study was identifying the comparision of essential oil composition from these two species in fresh and dry conditions. The aerial parts of N. gloeocephala in blooming were gathered from kashsn habitat in Ghamsar and Ghohrood (1700 m) and N.cephalotes were collected from Damavand by the river (1500 m) in May and June 2015, respectively. The essential oils were obtained in fresh and dried conditions by hydro distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by (GC) and (GC-MS). The results were showed that the yield of essential oils of both species in dry condition was higher than fresh condition. In Nepeta gloeocephala 29 compounds were identified, which that the 1,8-cineoles (28.9%, 36.5%) had the highest percentage in wet and dry condition, respectively, but in Nepeta cephaloutes 17 compounds were identified, which that 4aα, 7α, 7aα neptata-lactone (wet 43%, dry 64%) were the highest amount in dry condition.Nepeta cephalotes Boiss. and Nepeta gloeocephala Rech.f. are the exclusive species ,which are distributed in Irano-Turani region from Iran. The purpose of this study was identifying the comparision of essential oil composition from these two species in fresh and dry conditions. The aerial parts of N. gloeocephala in blooming were gathered from kashsn habitat in Ghamsar and Ghohrood (1700 m) and N.cephalotes were collected from Damavand by the river (1500 m) in May and June 2015, respectively. The essential oils were obtained in fresh and dried conditions by hydro distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by (GC) and (GC-MS). The results were showed that the yield of essential oils of both species in dry condition was higher than fresh condition. In Nepeta gloeocephala 29 compounds were identified, which that the 1,8-cineoles (28.9%, 36.5%) had the highest percentage in wet and dry condition, respectively, but in Nepeta cephaloutes 17 compounds were identified, which that 4aα, 7α, 7aα neptata-lactone (wet 43%, dry 64%) were the highest amount in dry condition.
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