بررسی اثر کارگاه‌های صنعتی کوچک و متوسط بر رشد ارزش‌افزوده بخش صنعت در اقتصاد ایران

محورهای موضوعی : اقتصاد مالی

هدیه ستایش ¹ , عباس معمارنژاد ² , کامبیز هژبرکیانی ³ , تقی ترابی ⁴

1 - گروه اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - گروه اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - گروه اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران،:
4 - گروه اقتصاد، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1401/01/28 تاریخ پذیرش : 1401/03/31 تاریخ انتشار : 1401/06/01

کلید واژه: واژه‌های کلیدی: کسب‎وکارهای کوچک و متوسط, رشد, ارزش‎افزوده صنعت, تأمین مالی, پنل‌دیتا. طبقه بندی JEL : O10, G00, O14, O40, O49, L11, L25 , C23,

چکیده مقاله :

چکیدهدر این مقاله تلاش شده است تا ضمن تبیین اهمیت کسب‎وکارهای کوچک و متوسط در اقتصاد و برشمردن چالش‎های اصلی فعالیت آنها از جملهچالش‎مالی، به تحلیل اثر کارگاه‎های صنعتی کوچک و متوسط بر رشد ارزش‎افزوده بخش صنعت در اقتصاد ایران طی دوره 93-1384 و در قالب 22 کدآی‌سیک دو رقمی پرداخته شود.اهم یافته‎هایاین پژوهش دلالت بر آن دارد کهرشد ارزش‎افزوده کارگاه‎های صنعتی کوچک و متوسط دارای اثری مثبت و معنادار بر رشد ارزش‎افزوده کارگاه‎های صنعتی دارای ده نفر کارکن و بیشتر طی دوره مورد بررسی است؛رشد نوآوری در صنایع کوچک و متوسط قادر است اثری مثبت و معنادار بر رشد ارزش‎افزوده در بخش صنایع کوچک و متوسط داشته باشد، و افزایش باز بودن اقتصاد ایران علیرغم تأثیر مثبت و معنادار بر رشد ارزش‎افزوده کارگاه‎های صنعتی دارای ده نفر کارکن و بیشتر، دارای تأثیری منفی بر رشد ارزش‎افزوده صنایع کوچک و متوسط است.همچنین پیشنهاد می‎شوددر راستای شکوفایی و تسهیل فعالیت‎هایاقتصادی صنایع کوچک و متوسط، ترویج شیوه‎های تأمین مالی غیربانکی، ارائه خدمات مشاوره صنعتی به‎ویژه مشاوره‎های تأمین مالی، حمایت اثربخش از طرح‎های نوآورانه وحمایت از توسعه صادرات صنعتیمدنظر قرار گیرند.

چکیده انگلیسی:

AbstractThis paper attempts to explain the importance of small and medium-sized enterprises in the economy and to highlight their main facing challenges, in particular the “financial challenge". The present paper seeks to analyze the impact of small and medium-sized industries on the growth of industrial value added in Iran’s economy for 22 ISIC codes during the period of 2005-2014.The main findings of this study indicate that the growth of value added of small and medium-sized industries has a significant positive effect on the growth of value added of industries with ten employees and more; the growth of innovation level in small and medium-sized industries may have a significant positive effect on the growth of value added of this group of industries, and the growth of openness of Iranian economy can affect the growth of value added of industries with ten employees and more, positively; but it has a negative effect on the growth of value added of small and medium-sized industries. Furthermore, it is suggested that in order to boost and facilitate the economic activities of small and medium sized enterprises, several issues should be considered including“promoting the non-bank financing methods”, “providing effective support for innovative projects”, “implementing industrial export development programs”, and “providing industrial advisory services, in particular financial advisory services”.  

منابع و مأخذ:

فهرست منابع
امینی، علیرضا و زهرا انصاری (1391)، تحلیل نقش سرمایه انسانی و تحقیق و توسعه در ارتقای بهره‎وری کل عوامل تولید در بخشهای خدماتی منتخب، فصلنامه اقتصاد مالی، دوره 6، شماره 21، 82-59.
بانک مرکزی جمهوری اسلامی ایران، سری‎های زمانی اقتصادی، سالهای 93-1384.
پیروز، الهام و افسانه شفیعی (1395)، ارتقایجایگاهبنگاه‎هایکوچکومتوسطدر زنجیره‎هایارزشجهانی: درسهاییبرایایران، تحولات جهانی صنعت، معدن و تجارت، مؤسسه مطالعات و پژوهش‎های بازرگانی، شماره 39. 
جاویدنیا، داود (1387)،"تأثیر صنایع کوچک و متوسط بر رشد اقتصادی ایران با تأکید بر بنگاه‎های زودبازده"، پایان‎نامهکارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری دانشگاه مازندران.
خادم محمدی، زهرا (1383)،"ارزیابی نقش صنایع کوچک و متوسط (SMEs) در رشد اقتصادی ایران"، رساله کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه تبریز.
سازمان صنایع کوچک و شهرک‎های صنعتی ایران (1395)، معاونت صنایع کوچک، " SME ها: حال و آینده". 
سلیمانی، غلامرضا و همکاران (1394)، "رویکردها و مدل‎های توسعه صنایع کوچک در ایران"، انتشارات آیین محمود. 
شاه طهماسبی، اسماعیل، مجید جوادیان و محمدجواد نیکبخت (1391)، بررسی نقش اعطای تسهیلات به بنگاه‎های کوچک و متوسط صنعتی در ایجاد اشتغال (مورد مطالعه: کارگاه‎های صنعتی شهر تهران)، فصلنامه اقتصاد مالی، دوره 6، شماره 21، 58-33.
کی‎مرام، فرید و همکاران (1384)،"گزارش‌های تفصیلی طرح استراتژی توسعه صنعتی کشور"، جلد اول: نقش صنایع کوچک و متوسط در توسعه صنعتی، مؤسسه انتشارات علمی دانشگاه صنعتی شریف.
گلقندشتی، مریم و محمدابراهیم آقابابائی (1397)، تأثیر منابع تأمین مالی بر رشد شرکت‎های کوچک و متوسط پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران، فصلنامه اقتصاد مالی، سال دوازدهم شماره 44، 160-143.
مرکز آمار ایران، طرح‎ آمارگیری از کارگاه‎های صنعتی،سالهای 93-1384.
نیلی، مسعود و همکاران (1382)،"خلاصه مطالعات طرح استراتژی توسعه صنعتی"، مؤسسه انتشارات علمی دانشگاه صنعتی شریف. 
Acs, Zoltan J. (1992), Small Business Economics; a Global Perspective,Challenge, 35.38-44. 
Acs, Zoltan J. & Audretsch, David B. (1988), Innovation and Firm Size in Manufacturing,Technovation, 7, 197-210.
Acs, Zoltan J., Audretsch, David B. and Feldman, M.P. (1994), R&D Spillovers and Receipent Firm Size, Review of Economic and Statistics, 76, 336-340.
Agarwal, R., Echambadi, R. April, F.& Sarkar, M. (2004), Knowledge Transfer through Inheritance: Spin-out Generation, Development and Performance,Academy of Management Journal, 47, 501–522.
Asian Development Bank (ADB) (2015),Integrating SMEs into Global Value Chains: Challenges and Policy Actions in Asia, ADB Institute, 1-176.
Audretsch, D. B. (1995), Innovation and Industry Evolution, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Audretsch, David B.(2002),The Dynamic Role of Small Firms: Evidence from US,Small Business Economics, 18, 13-40.
Audretsch, D. B. and M. P. Feldman (1996), R&D Spillovers and the Geography of Innovation and Production, American Economic Review, 86, 3, 630–640.
Audretsch, D. B., Keilbach, M. C. & Lehmann, E. E. (2006), Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth,Oxford University Press: New York.
Audretsch, D. B.(2007), Entrepreneurship Capital and Economic Growth,Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 23(1), 63–78.
Audretsch, D.B. and Keilbach, Max. (2004),Entrepreneurship Capital and Economic Performance,Regional Studies, 38 (8),949-959.
Audretsch, D. B. and Keilbach, M. C. (2008),Resolving the Knowledge Paradox:  knowledge-spillover Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth, Research Policy, 37, 1697-1705.
Beck, Thorsten,Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Levine, Ross(2005), SMEs, Growth and Poverty,NBER Working Paper Series, 11224.
Carree M.A. & Thurik, A.R. (1998), Small Firms and Economic Growth in Europe,Atlantic Economic Journal (AEJ),26 (2), 137-146.
Chughtai, Muhammad Waqaz & Alam, Israr (2014), Small and Medium Enterprises as Engine in Economic Growth of Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis,Research Journal of Economics and Business Studies (RJEBS),03 (10), 44-51.
Cravo, Tulio A., Gourlay, Adrian & Becker, Bettina (2012), SMEs and Regional Economic Growth in Brazil,Small Business Economics, 38, 217-230.
Durlauf, Steven N., Johnson Paul A. & Temple, Johnathan R.W. (2004), Growth Econometrics,Vassar College Economics Working Paper, 61, 1-183.
Edmiston, Kelly(2007), The Role of Small and Large Businesses in Economic Development, Economic Review, Second Quarter. 73-97.
Griliches, Zvi(1979), Issues in Assessing the Contribution of R&D to Productivity Growth, Bell Journal of Economics, 10 (spring), 92–116.
Griliches, Z. (1980), R&D and the Productivity Slowdown, American Economic Review, 70, 2, 343–348.
Hasan, Iftekhar and Christopher L. Tucci (2010), The Innovation–Economic Growth Nexus: Global Evidence, Research Policy, 39, 1264–1276.
HU, MING-WEN(2010), SMEs and Economic Growth: Entrepreneurship or Employment, ICIC Express,4 (6A), 2275-2280.
IFC(2010), The SME Banking Knowledge Guide, IFC Advisory Services, Access to Finance, Washington, D.C.
Jacobs, J. (1969),“The Economy of Cities”, Vintage, New York.
Karadag, Hande.(2015), The Role and Challenges of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Emerging Economies: An Analysis from Turkey,Business and Management Studies, 1(2), 179-188.
Katau, Ngui Thomas.(December 2014), The Role of SMEs in Employment Creation and Economic Growth in Selected Countries,International Journal of Education and Research, 2 (12),461-472.
Knott, A. M. (2003), Persistent Heterogeneity and Sustainable Innovation,Strategic Management Journal, 24 (8), 687–705.
Kruja, AlbaDemneri.(2013), The Contribution of SMEs to the Economic Growth (Case of Albania),EuroEconomica, 1(32), 55-67.
Levin, Ross and Renelt, David (1992), A Sensitivity Analysis of Cross-Country Growth Regressions, The American Economic Review, 82 (4), 942- 963.
Mateev, Miroslav &Anastasov, Yanko (2010),Determinants of Small and Medium Sized Fast Growing Enterprises in Central and Eastern Europe: A Panel Data Analysis,Financial Theory and Practice,34 (3), 269-295.
Memili, Esra, Fang, Hanqing, Chrisman, James J. &De Massis, Alfredo (2015), The Impact of Small and Medium-Sized Family Firms on Economic Growth,Small Business Economics, 45, 771-785.
Mueller, Pamela.(2007), Exploiting Entrepreneurial Opportunities: The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Growth,Small Business Economics, 28. 355-362.
Mueller, P.(2006), Exploring the Knowledge Filter: How Entrepreneurship and University-Industry Relationships Drive Economic Growth,Research Policy, 35, 1499-1508.
OECD(2007), Innovation and Growth: Rationale for an Innovation Strategy, 1-29.
Savlovschi, Ludovica Ioa &Robu, Nicoleta Raluca (2011), The Role of SMEs in Modern Economy,Economia.Seria Management,14 (1), 277-281.
Silivestru, Daniela Rodica(2012), European SMEs and Economic Growth: A Firm Size Class Analysis,Economic Sciences 59 (2), 143-151.
Stan, Stefania A. (2014), The Role of Small Business in Economic Development of European Economy, Studies and Scientific Researches, Economics Edition, 19, 165-170.
Tambunan, Tulus(October 2006), Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and Economic Growth,Working Paper Series, 14,Center for Industry and SME Studies, Faculty of Economics, University of TRISAKTI. 1-25.
Tewari, Parth S., Skilling, David, Kumar, Pranav &Wu, Zack (May 2013), Competitive Small and Medium Enterprises (A Diagnostic to Help Design Smart SME Policy),The World Bank Discussion Paper, 82516, 1-35.
Thurik, Roy and Wennekers, Sander (2004), Points of View: Entrepreneurship, Small Business and Economic Growth,Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development,11 (1), 140 – 149.
Ulku, Hulya (2004), R&D, Innovation, and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis, IMF Working Paper, 4,185, 1-37.
Wennekers, S.& Thurik, R. (1999), Linking Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth,Small Business Economics, 13(1), 27–55.
Wignaraja, Ganeshan (2015), ASEAN and Its SMEs- A New Opportunity?,Asia Pacific Bulletin, 332.

 

Acs, Zoltan J. (1992), Small Business Economics; a Global Perspective,Challenge, 35.38-44. 
Acs, Zoltan J. & Audretsch, David B. (1988), Innovation and Firm Size in Manufacturing,Technovation, 7, 197-210.
Acs, Zoltan J., Audretsch, David B. and Feldman, M.P. (1994), R&D Spillovers and Receipent Firm Size, Review of Economic and Statistics, 76, 336-340.
Agarwal, R., Echambadi, R. April, F.& Sarkar, M. (2004), Knowledge Transfer through Inheritance: Spin-out Generation, Development and Performance,Academy of Management Journal, 47, 501–522.
Asian Development Bank (ADB) (2015),Integrating SMEs into Global Value Chains: Challenges and Policy Actions in Asia, ADB Institute, 1-176.
Audretsch, D. B. (1995), Innovation and Industry Evolution, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.
Audretsch, David B.(2002),The Dynamic Role of Small Firms: Evidence from US,Small Business Economics, 18, 13-40.
Audretsch, D. B. and M. P. Feldman (1996), R&D Spillovers and the Geography of Innovation and Production, American Economic Review, 86, 3, 630–640.
Audretsch, D. B., Keilbach, M. C. & Lehmann, E. E. (2006), Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth,Oxford University Press: New York.
Audretsch, D. B.(2007), Entrepreneurship Capital and Economic Growth,Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 23(1), 63–78.
Audretsch, D.B. and Keilbach, Max. (2004),Entrepreneurship Capital and Economic Performance,Regional Studies, 38 (8),949-959.
Audretsch, D. B. and Keilbach, M. C. (2008),Resolving the Knowledge Paradox:  knowledge-spillover Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth, Research Policy, 37, 1697-1705.
Beck, Thorsten,Demirguc-Kunt, Asli & Levine, Ross(2005), SMEs, Growth and Poverty,NBER Working Paper Series, 11224.
Carree M.A. & Thurik, A.R. (1998), Small Firms and Economic Growth in Europe,Atlantic Economic Journal (AEJ),26 (2), 137-146.
Chughtai, Muhammad Waqaz & Alam, Israr (2014), Small and Medium Enterprises as Engine in Economic Growth of Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis,Research Journal of Economics and Business Studies (RJEBS),03 (10), 44-51.
Cravo, Tulio A., Gourlay, Adrian & Becker, Bettina (2012), SMEs and Regional Economic Growth in Brazil,Small Business Economics, 38, 217-230.
Durlauf, Steven N., Johnson Paul A. & Temple, Johnathan R.W. (2004), Growth Econometrics,Vassar College Economics Working Paper, 61, 1-183.
Edmiston, Kelly(2007), The Role of Small and Large Businesses in Economic Development, Economic Review, Second Quarter. 73-97.
Griliches, Zvi(1979), Issues in Assessing the Contribution of R&D to Productivity Growth, Bell Journal of Economics, 10 (spring), 92–116.
Griliches, Z. (1980), R&D and the Productivity Slowdown, American Economic Review, 70, 2, 343–348.
Hasan, Iftekhar and Christopher L. Tucci (2010), The Innovation–Economic Growth Nexus: Global Evidence, Research Policy, 39, 1264–1276.
HU, MING-WEN(2010), SMEs and Economic Growth: Entrepreneurship or Employment, ICIC Express,4 (6A), 2275-2280.
IFC(2010), The SME Banking Knowledge Guide, IFC Advisory Services, Access to Finance, Washington, D.C.
Jacobs, J. (1969),“The Economy of Cities”, Vintage, New York.
Karadag, Hande.(2015), The Role and Challenges of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Emerging Economies: An Analysis from Turkey,Business and Management Studies, 1(2), 179-188.
Katau, Ngui Thomas.(December 2014), The Role of SMEs in Employment Creation and Economic Growth in Selected Countries,International Journal of Education and Research, 2 (12),461-472.
Knott, A. M. (2003), Persistent Heterogeneity and Sustainable Innovation,Strategic Management Journal, 24 (8), 687–705.
Kruja, AlbaDemneri.(2013), The Contribution of SMEs to the Economic Growth (Case of Albania),EuroEconomica, 1(32), 55-67.
Levin, Ross and Renelt, David (1992), A Sensitivity Analysis of Cross-Country Growth Regressions, The American Economic Review, 82 (4), 942- 963.
Mateev, Miroslav &Anastasov, Yanko (2010),Determinants of Small and Medium Sized Fast Growing Enterprises in Central and Eastern Europe: A Panel Data Analysis,Financial Theory and Practice,34 (3), 269-295.
Memili, Esra, Fang, Hanqing, Chrisman, James J. &De Massis, Alfredo (2015), The Impact of Small and Medium-Sized Family Firms on Economic Growth,Small Business Economics, 45, 771-785.
Mueller, Pamela.(2007), Exploiting Entrepreneurial Opportunities: The Impact of Entrepreneurship on Growth,Small Business Economics, 28. 355-362.
Mueller, P.(2006), Exploring the Knowledge Filter: How Entrepreneurship and University-Industry Relationships Drive Economic Growth,Research Policy, 35, 1499-1508.
OECD(2007), Innovation and Growth: Rationale for an Innovation Strategy, 1-29.
Savlovschi, Ludovica Ioa &Robu, Nicoleta Raluca (2011), The Role of SMEs in Modern Economy,Economia.Seria Management,14 (1), 277-281.
Silivestru, Daniela Rodica(2012), European SMEs and Economic Growth: A Firm Size Class Analysis,Economic Sciences 59 (2), 143-151.
Stan, Stefania A. (2014), The Role of Small Business in Economic Development of European Economy, Studies and Scientific Researches, Economics Edition, 19, 165-170.
Tambunan, Tulus(October 2006), Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and Economic Growth,Working Paper Series, 14,Center for Industry and SME Studies, Faculty of Economics, University of TRISAKTI. 1-25.
Tewari, Parth S., Skilling, David, Kumar, Pranav &Wu, Zack (May 2013), Competitive Small and Medium Enterprises (A Diagnostic to Help Design Smart SME Policy),The World Bank Discussion Paper, 82516, 1-35.
Thurik, Roy and Wennekers, Sander (2004), Points of View: Entrepreneurship, Small Business and Economic Growth,Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development,11 (1), 140 – 149.
Ulku, Hulya (2004), R&D, Innovation, and Economic Growth: An Empirical Analysis, IMF Working Paper, 4,185, 1-37.
Wennekers, S.& Thurik, R. (1999), Linking Entrepreneurship and Economic Growth,Small Business Economics, 13(1), 27–55.
Wignaraja, Ganeshan (2015), ASEAN and Its SMEs- A New Opportunity?,Asia Pacific Bulletin, 332.