قابلیت اعتماد لرزه‌ای پل‌های قوسی سنگی با در نظر گرفتن عدم قطعیت مشخصات مصالح بر اساس روش سطوح پاسخ
محورهای موضوعی : آنالیز سازه - زلزله
امیرحسین مهربد
1
(دانشکده عمران، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاره آزاد اسلامی ، تهران ، ایران)
فرهاد بهنام فر
2
(دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان)
آرمین عظیمی نژاد
3
(استادیار گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، معماری و هنر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران)
حمید هاشم الحسینی
4
(دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان)
کلید واژه: پل قوسی سنگی, قابلیت اعتماد, عدم قطعیت, روش سطوح پاسخ, روش المان مجزا ,
چکیده مقاله :
پل‌های قوسی بنایی با استفاده از مصالح بنایی مانند آجر یا سنگ همراه با ملات یا بدون ملات ساخته شده‌اند. مشخصات مکانیکی آنها با توجه به تنوع جنس مصالح بکار رفته، کیفیت ساخت و تأثیر گذشت زمان می‌توانند ثابت نبوده و دچار عدم قطعیت‌های قابل‌توجهی باشند.بنابراین برای اطمینان از توانایی و عملکرد سازه در مقابل بارهای وارده به ویژه زلزله، اتخاذ روش‌های دقیق‌تر مدل‌سازی و هم‌چنين لحاظ‌کردن این عدم‌قطعیت‌ها، یک موضوع اساسی مهندسی سازه است. برای یک پل قوسی سنگی شبکه ریلی ایران، مشخصات مکانیکی مصالح شامل ضریب سختی نرمال و برشی درزهای بلوک‌های سنگی و هم‌چنين زاویه اصطکاک داخلی درزها به عنوان کمیت‌هاي دارای عدم قطعیت و به صورت متغیر تصادفی در نظر گرفته شد. با توجه به محیط گسسته پل، تحلیل دینامیکی افزاینده تحت تاثیر یازده رکورد زلزله منتخب با روش المان مجزا انجام شده است. پس از تحلیل بیش از 2600 نمونه پل با مشخصات مصالح مختلف، براساس روش سطوح پاسخ ، توابع حالت حدی گسیختگی پل بر حسب سه متغیر تصادفی، برای کلیه رکوردها تعیین شده است. با استفاده از روش‌های قابلیت اعتماد FORM وMSC ، شاخص قابلیت اعتماد و احتمال شکست پل محاسبه گردید. نتایج نشان دادند برای رکوردهای منتخب زلزله، شتاب طیفی آستانه فرو‌ريزش پل با درنظر گرفتن عدم قطعیت‌ها در حدود 30% الی 50% نسبت به حالتی که عدم قطعیت در مصالح لحاظ نشده باشد کاهش پیدا می‌کنند.
Masonry arch bridges are built using masonry materials such as brick or stone with or without mortar. Their mechanical properties due to the variety of materials used, the quality of construction, and the effect of the passage of time can be inconstant and have significant uncertainties. Therefore, to ensure the ability and performance of the structure against the loads, especially earthquakes, adopting more accurate modeling methods and considering these uncertainties is fundamental issue of structural engineering. For a stone arch bridge of Iran's railway network, the mechanical properties of the materials including the normal and shear stiffness coefficient of the stone block joint as well as the internal friction angle of the joints were considered as quantities with uncertainty and as random variables. According to the discrete environment of the bridge, incremental dynamic analysis has been performed under the influence of eleven selected earthquake records using the discrete element method. After analyzing more than 2,600 bridge samples with different material properties, based on the response surface method, the limit state functions of the bridge failure in terms of three random variables have been determined for all records. Using FORM and MSC reliability methods, the reliability index and probability of bridge failure were calculated. The results showed that for the selected earthquake records, the spectral acceleration of the bridge collapse threshold were reduced by 30% to 50% considering the uncertainties compared to the case where the uncertainty in the materials is not considered.
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