توصیف ویژگی های ریخت شناسی، کالبدشناسی و کلید شناسایی ماهی سیکلید زندانی (Amatitlania nigrofasciata)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری
بابک مقدسی
1
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مهفام سزاوار اردبیلی
2
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درسا حیدری فر
3
1 - گروه کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، واحد سوادکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سوادکوه، مازندران
2 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران
3 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران
کلید واژه: سیکلید زندانی, ریخت شناسی, کالبد شناسی, کلید شناسایی, Amatitlania nigrofasciata,
چکیده مقاله :
ویژگی های ریخت شناسی و برخی از مشخصات کالبدشناختی ماهی سیکلید زندانی (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) به منظور توصیف گونه و ارائه کلید شناسایی آن به عنوان یک ماهی زینتی زیبا و گونه مدل در پژوهش های زیستی بررسی شدند. در این راستا ویژگی های کلیدی 50 عدد ماهی بالغ بر اساس شیوه های متداول در منابع مرجع ماهی شناسی بررسی شدند. صفات ظاهری، ویژگی های قابل شمارش و ویژگی های قابل اندازه گیری بررسی شدند. نتایج نشان داد که این گونه بدنی دوکی شکل مرتفع و از دو پهلو فشرده با ساقه دمی پهن عضلانی داشته و میانگین طول کل آن در افراد بالغ جوان 0.75±7.67 سانتیمتر بود. نرها درشت تر از مادهها بوده (طول کل تا 10 سانتیمتر یا بیشتر) و انتهای باله های پشتی و مخرجی تیزتر و بلندتر، لبها کلفت تر، پهلوها باریک تر و لوله تناسلی تیزتر و باریکتر از ماده ها بود. نرهای بالغ برجستگی مشخصی در بالای سر داشتند. بیشترین طول کل در برخی از نرهای مسن تر تا 14 سانتیمتر اندازه گیری شد. رنگ بدن خاکستری مایل به آبی با نوارهای عمودی سیاه رنگ و ناحیه شکمی ماهیان ماده بالغ مایل به نارنجی یا سرخ مسی بود. دهان جلویی با شکاف افقی، لب ها کلفت و بدون سبیلک و طول آرواره ها برابر بود.خط جانبی دوقسمتی، تعداد پولکهای روی خط جانبی اول 16 تا 21 و روی خط جانبی دوم 7 تا 12 عدد بود. باله پشتی دارای 13 تا 18 شعاع سخت و 8 تا 10 شعاع نرم، باله های سینه ای یک شعاع سخت و 10 تا 12 شعاع نرم، باله های شکمی یک یا دو شعاع سخت و 4 یا 5 شعاع نرم، باله ی مخرجی 8 تا 10 شعاع سخت و 6 تا 10 شعاع نرم و باله ی دمی متجانس، بزرگ و مدور و دارای 13 تا 18 شعاع نرم بود. تعداد خارهای آبششی 6 تا 8 عدد و مهره های ستون مهره ها 26 عدد بود.
The morphological characteristics and certain anatomical features of the convict cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata) were examined to describe the species and provide an identification key as a beautiful ornamental fish and a model organism in biological research. Based on standard ichthyological methods Key traits of 50 adult convict cichlids were analyzed. External traits, meristic features and morphometric characteristics were observed, counted, and measured. The results revealed that this species has a fusiform, laterally compressed body with a broad and muscular caudal peduncle. Of young adult individuals, the total length was 7.67 ± 0.75 cm. Males were larger (total length up to 10 cm or more), with sharper and longer dorsal and anal fin tips, thicker lips, narrower flanks, and a more pointed urogenital papilla. In mature males, a prominent nuchal hump was observed on the forehead. The maximum total length recorded reached up to 14 cm in older males. The body color was bluish-gray with black vertical stripes, ventral region of mature females was orange to reddish-copper hue. Mouth terminal, gape horizontal, lips thick, upper and lower jaw lengths were equal. Numerous sensory pores on the head, forehead, snout, and lower jaw. Lateral line was divided into two parts, 16–21 scales on the first section and 7–12 scales on the second. Dorsal fin had 13–18 spines and 8–10 soft rays, pectoral fins had 1 spine and 10–12 soft rays, pelvic fins had 1 or 2 spines and 4 or 5 soft rays, anal fin had 8–10 spines and 6–10 soft rays, and the caudal fin was homocercal, large, rounded, and contained had 13–18 soft rays. Gill rakers were 6 to 8 and vertebrae 26 across all the specimens.
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