اثر عصاره متانولی خارخاسک (Tribulus terrestris) بر عملکرد رشد، ترکیبات شیمیایی بدن و فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی ماهی کفال خاکستری (Mugil cephalus)
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری
پریا اکبری
1
(گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی چابهار، چابهار، ایران)
زهرا ویدادی
2
(گروه شیلات، دانشکده علوم دریایی، دانشگاه دریانوردی و علوم دریایی چابهار، چابهار، ایران)
کلید واژه: بقاء, شاخص های رشد, عصاره خارخاسک, آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی, کفال خاکستری,
چکیده مقاله :
در این تحقیق، اثر عصاره متانولی خارخاسک (Tribulus terrestris) در تیمارهای مختلف، گروه شاهد (بدون عصاره گیاه)، 5/0، 1 و 5/1 گرم عصاره خارخاسک در هر کیلوگرم غذا بر عملکرد رشد، ترکیبات شیمیایی بدن و فعالیت آنزیم های آنتی اکسیدانی ماهی کفال خاکستری (Mugil cephalus Linnaeus 1758) در سه تکرار به مدت 60 روز مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. در هر تکرار 20 قطعه ماهی با میانگین وزنی 43/0 ± 42/8 گرم در مخازن 60 لیتری آب ذخیره سازی شد. در پایان دوره آزمایش، نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت معنی داری در شاخص های رشد (وزن نهایی، درصد افزایش وزن روزانه، نرخ کارایی پروتئین، نرخ رشد ویژه، فاکتور وضعیت) بین تیمارها و شاهد وجود نداشت (05/0<p). افزایش میزان بقاء در تیمار 3 و 4 در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد مشهود بود. میزان پروتئین خام و رطوبت در تیمار4 نسبت به سایر تیمارها افزایش معنی دار داشت (05/0>p). میزان چربی خام در تیمار 3 و 4 کاهش معنی داری نسبت به تیمار 2 و شاهد داشت (05/0>p). فعالیت آنزیم های سوپر اکسیداز دیسموتاز، گلوتاتیون پراکسیداز و کاتلاز در تیمار 4 یشترین افزایش معنی دار را در مقایسه با تیمار شاهد داشته است (05/0>p). همچنین مقدار مالانون دی آلدئید در تمامی تیمارها در مقایسه با شاهد کمتر بوده و در تیمارهای 3 و 4 بیشترین کاهش معنی دار را در مقایسه با شاهد داشته است. لذا با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده، به منظور کاهش اکسیداسیون لیپید و بهبود کیفیت لاشه و بقاء ماهیان، استفاده از 5/1 گرم عصاره متانولی خارخاسک در جیره غذایی ماهی کفال خاکستری توصیه می شود.
In this study, the effect of methanol extract of Tribulus terrestris (MET) in different treatments containing control group (without using plant extract), 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g MET/kg diet on growth performance, body chemical composition and activity of oxidant enzymes of grey mullet Mugil cephalus were investigated in triplicate for 60 days. Twenty water tanks and 20 fish with initial average weight of 8.42 ± 0.43 g were stored per 60 liters. At the end of the experiment, the results showed that there was no significant difference in growth parameters (FW, BWG, PER, SGR and CF), between all treatments and control group (p > 0.05). Increased survival rates were observed in treatments 3 and 4 compared to the control treatment. The crude protein and moisture of treatment 4 significantly increased compared to other treatments (p < 0.05). The crude fat significantly decreased in treatments 3 and 4 compared to control and treatment 2 (p < 0.05). The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase (CAT) enzymes have been increased more significantly in treatment 4 compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the malondialdehyde (MDA) value was lower in all treatments compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05). MDA value has been the lowest in treatments 3 and 4 compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05). Hence, based on the results, in order to reduce lipid oxidation and improve the carcass duality and survival status of fish, it is recommended to use 15 g methanol extract of Tribulus terrestris/kg diet of grey mullet fish.
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