Investigating the Effect of the CEO's Narcissism on Investment Efficiency and Financing Methods of Companies admit-ted to the Tehran Stock Exchange
Subject Areas : Financial AccountingMohammad Janalizadeh 1 , Majid Ashrafi 2 , Maryam Bokharaeian Khorasani 3 , Gemadverdi Gorganli Doji 4
1 - Department of Accounting, Aliabad Katool Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katool, Iran.
2 - Department of Accounting, Aliabad Katool Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katool, Iran.
3 - Department of Accounting, Aliabad Katool Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katool, Iran.
4 - Department of Accounting, Aliabad Katool Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katool, Iran.
Keywords: Financing , Investment Efficiency , CEO Narcissism ,
Abstract :
The behavioural characteristics of the chief executive officer (CEO) such as narcissism can have different effects on the investment and financing of companies. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of CEO narcissism on investment efficiency and financing methods of companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange. The statistical population of the study was all companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange between 2012 and 2017, of which 143 companies were surveyed as a statistical sample. The results of the analysis of research hypotheses using combined regression and logistic regression showed that CEO narcissism does not have a significant effect on overinvestment and underinvestment, but CEO narcissism has a significant positive effect on corporate investment efficiency. High CEO narcissism leads to increased corporate investment efficiency. The narcissism of the CEO has a positive and significant effect on domestic financing, but does not have a significant effect on external financing.
[1] Bagheri, A., Ramezani, A., and Poursaid, A., Model test of the influence of internal and external financing methods on the real total return of stocks, Investment Knowledge, 2017; 7(26): 185-198. (in Persian)
[2] Bazrafshan, V., Bazarafshan, A., and Salehi, M., Investigating the impact of managers' obsession on the quality of financial reporting, Accounting and auditing reviews, 2017; 25(4): 457-478. Doi:10.22059/ACCTGREV.2019.268759.1008035. (in Persian).
[3] Byun, K.-A., and Al-Shammari, M., When narcissistic CEOs meet power: Effects of CEO narcissism and power on the likelihood of product recalls in consumer-packaged goods, Journal of Business Re-search, 2021; 128, 45-60. Doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.02.001.
[4] Chatterjee, A. and Hambrick, D.C., It’s All about Me: Narcissistic Chief Executive Officers and Their Effects on Company Strategy and Performance, Administrative Science Quarterly, 2007; 52, 351-386. Doi: 10.2189/asqu.52.3.351.
[5] Chen, F., Hope, O., Li, Q. and Wang, X., Financial reporting quality and investment efficiency of private firms in emerging markets, The Accounting Review, 2011; 86, 1255–1288.
[6] Demouri, D., and Qadak-Foroshan, M., Financing policies and investment efficiency in companies listed on Tehran Bahadur Stock Exchange, Financial Management Strategy, 2017; 6(4), 157-175. Doi: 10.22051/jfm.2018.12050.1156 (in Persian)
[7] Dimitris, M.A., and Maria, P.B., Capital Structure, Equity Ownership and Firm Performance, Journal of Banking and Finance, 2011; (34), 621–632. Doi: 10.1016/j.jbankfin.2009.08.023.
[8] Eaton, J., Struthers, C.W, and Santelli, A.G., Dispositional and state forgiveness: The role of self-esteem, need for structure, and narcissism, Personality and Individual Differences, 2006; 41(2), 371-380. Doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2006.02.005.
[9] Fehr, R., Gelfand, M.J. and Nag, M., The road to forgiveness: A meta-analytic synthesis of its situational and dispositional correlates, Psychological Bulletin, 2010; 136(5), 894–914. Doi: 10.1037/a0019993.
[10] Foster, J.D. and Campbell, W.K., Narcissism and resistance to doubts about romantic partners, Journal of Research in Personality, 2005; 39, 550-557. Doi: 10.1016/j.jrp.2004.11.001.
[11] Foroughi, D., Amiri, H., and Sakiani, A., Management ability, investment efficiency and financial reporting quality, Experimental Accounting Research, 2015; 1(21), 63-90. (in Persian)
[12] Foster, J.D., Reidy, D.E., Misra, T.A., and Goff, J.S., Narcissism and stock market investing: Correlates and consequences of cocksure Investing, Personality and Individual Differences, 2011; 50(6), 816-821.
[13] Frank, M.Z. and Goyal, V.K., Capital Structure Decisions, which Factor are Reliably Important? Financial Management, 2009; 38(1):1-37. Doi: 10.1111/j.1755-053X.2009.01026. x.
[14] Frazzini, A., Pedersen, L., Betting against beta, Working Paper, New York: New York University, 2010.
[15] Fung, H-G., Qiao, P., Yau, J., and Zeng, Y., Leader narcissism and outward foreign direct investment: Evidence from Chinese firms, International Business Review,2020; 29(1):1-11. Doi: 10.1016/j.ibusrev.2019.101632.
[16] Ham, C., Seybert, N., and Wang, S., Narcissism is a Bad Sign: CEO Signature Size, Investment, and Performance, Review of Accounting Studies, 2018; 23(1): 234-264. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11142-017-9427-x.
[17] He, Y., Chen, C., and Hua, Y., Managerial overconfidence, internal financing, and investment efficiency: Evidence from China, Research in International Business and Finance, 2019; 47: 501-510. Doi: 10.1016/j.ribaf.2018.09.010.
[18] Heydari Farahani, M., Ghayor, F., and Mansoorfar, G., The effect of management behavioral strains on financial helplessness, Financial Accounting Research, 2018; 11(3): 117-134. (in Persian)
[19] Hibti, F., Nikoomaram, H., and Rahnamai Rodposhti, F., Markets and Financial Institutions, Science and Research Unit Publications, 2010; (in Persian).
[20] Hirshleifer, D.A., Teoh, S.H. and Low, A., Are overconfident CEOs better innovators, MPRA working paper, 2012; 67(4): 1457-1498.
[21] Hubbard, R., Capital-Market Imperfections and Investment, Journal of Economic Literature, 1998; 36: 193-225.
[22] Khajawi, S., Dehghani Saadi, A.A., and Garami Shirazi, F.,The effect of managers' narcissism on earnings management and financial performance, Journal of Accounting Advances, 205; 8(2): 123-149. (in Persian).
[23] Kashmiri, S., Nicol, C., and Arora, S., Me, myself, and I: Influence of CEO narcissism on firms’ innovation strategy and the likelihood of product-harm crises, Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 2017; 45(5): 633–656.
[24] Lai, S.M., and Liu, C.L., Management characteristics and corporate investment efficiency, Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, 2018; 1-18. Doi: 10.1080/16081625.2016.1266270.
[25] Lewis, G.J., Lefevre, C.E., and Bates, T.C., Facial Width-to-Height Ratio Predicts Achievement Drive in US Presidents, Personality and Individual Differences, 2012; 52(7): 855-857. Doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2011.12.030.
[26] Malmendier, U., and Tate, G., CEO overconfidence and corporate investment, Journal of Finance, 2005; 60(6): 2661–2700. Doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6261.2005.00813. x.
[27] Miller, J.D., and Campbell, W.K., Comparing clinical and social personality conceptualizations of narcissism, Journal of Personality, 2008; 76: 449–476.
[28] Mollanazari, M., Hejazi, R., and Kiarasi, A., Investigating the relationship between financing methods (external sources) and the success and failure of companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange, The Financial Accounting and Auditing Researches, 2(6): 65-86. (In Persian)
[29] Namazi, M., Dehghani-Saadi, A.A., and Qohestani, S., Narcissism of managers and business strategy of companies, Management accounting and auditing knowledge, 2016; 6(22), 37-52. (in Persian)
[30] O'Reilly, C.A., Doerr, B., Caldwell, D.F. and Chatman, J.A., Narcissistic CEOs and Executive Compensation. The Leadership Quarterly, 2014; 25(2): 218-231.
[31] Pfattheicher, S., Testosterone, cortisol and the Dark Triad: Narcissism (but not Machiavellianism or psychopathy) is positively related to basal testosterone and cortisol, Personality and Individual Differences, 2016; 97: 115-119.
[32] Taghizadeh Khangah, V., and Badavar N.Y., The relationship between management overconfidence, internal financing and investment efficiency, Journal of Accounting Knowledge, 2019; 11(2): 209-238. (in Persian)
[33] Van der Wal, R.C., Karremans, J.C., and Cillessen, A.H., Interpersonal forgiveness and psychological well-being in late childhood, Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 2016; 62(1), 1-21. Doi: 10.13110/merrpalmquar1982.62.1.0001.
[34] Stirrat, M., Perrett D. I., Valid facial cues to cooperation and trust: Male facial width and trust worthiness. Psychological Science, 2010; 21: 349–354. Doi:10.1177/0956797610362647
[35] Olsen, K. J., Stekelberg, J., CEO narcissism and corporate tax sheltering, Journal of the American Taxation Association, 2016; 38: 1-22. Doi: 10.2308/atax-51251
[36] Wong, E., Ormiston, M., Haselhuhn, M., A Face Only an Investor Could Love: CEOs' Facial Structure Predicts Their Firms' Financial Performance, Psychological Science, 2011; 22(12): 1478-1483. Doi:10.1177/0956797611418838
37] Olsen, K. J., Dworkis, K. K., Young, S. M., CEO narcissism and accounting: A picture of profits, Journal of Management Accounting Research, 2014; 26(2): 243-267. [
[38] Jia, Y., Van Lent, L., Zeng, Y., Masculinity, Testosterone, and Financial Misreporting, Journal of Ac-counting Research, 2014; 52(5), 1195-1246. Doi:10.1111/1475-679X.12065