بررسی اثر کشت مخلوط یونجه و اسپرس بر عملکرد علوفه و کنترل سرخرطومی برگ یونجه (Hypera postica L.)

محورهای موضوعی : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

غلامرضا طاهریون ¹ , محمد ولی تقدسی ² , مجتبی نامی‎فر ³ , سعید سودی ⁴

1 - کارشناس ارشد مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان
2 - استادیار مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان
3 - استادیار مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان
4 - کارشناس مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان زنجان

تاریخ دریافت : 1390/03/24 تاریخ پذیرش : 1391/03/24 تاریخ انتشار : 1391/02/01

کلید واژه: کشت مخلوط, یونجه, اسپرس, سرخرطومی, سم&lrm, پاشی,

چکیده مقاله :

کشت مخلوط یونجه و اسپرس در مناطق سردسیر کشور از جمله استان زنجان برخورداراست. به منظور مطالعه تاثیر کشت مخلوط این دوگیاه برمیزان علوفه و کنترل جمعیت آفت سرخرطومی برگ یونجه، این تحقیق به صورت آزمایش خرد شده بر پایه طرح بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی در 4 تکرار به مدت سه سال از سال 1382تا 1384 در ایستگاه تحقیقات کشاورزی خیرآباد مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی زنجان اجرا شد. دو سطح مبارزه (سم‎پاشی و عدم سم‎پاشی) به عنوان فاکتور اصلی و پنج نسبت وزنی اختلاط بذر (یونجه خالص، اسپرس خالص، 25%یونجه + 75% اسپرس، 50%یونجه + 50% اسپرس، 75% یونجه + 25% اسپرس ) به عنوان سطوح فاکتور فرعی مورد مطالعه قرار گرفتند. تجزیه واریانس مرکب و تجزیه واریانس ساده و هم‎چنین مقایسه میانگین داده‎ها برای عملکرد علوفه تر و عملکرد علوفه خشک و تعداد لاروهای آفت صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که کشت مخلوط 50% یونجه + 50% اسپرس به علت عملکرد علوفه تر و خشک بالا (63/39 تن در هکتار علوفه تر معادل46/12 تن در هکتار علوفه خشک) در سطح سم‎پاشی شده و کاهش جزئی و غیر معنی‌دار عملکرد و افزایش ناچیز تعداد لارو سرخرطومی برگ یونجه در سطوح سم‎پاشی نشده به عنوان بهترین نسبت اختلاط بذر یونجه و اسپرس شناخته شد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Alfalfa and sainfon mixed cropping has a prolonged history in Zanjan province of Iran. In order to evaluate the effect of this approach on forage yield and alfalfa weevil (Hypera postica) population, this research was carried out as split plot based on a randomized complete block design with four replications at Kheir-Abad Research Station of Zanjan Agricultural Research Center in 2003-2005. Spraying and non spraying were considered as levels of the main factor and five ratios of mixed crops (25%, 50%, 75%, and individual crop) were allocated to sub-plots. Combined analysis of variance were made for wet and dry yield and number of weevil larvae population. Results showed that mixed cropping at a ratio of 50% of each crop was the best ratio for mixed cropping, because of its high yield (30.62 t/ha) from sprayed plots, and non-significant yield decrease in unsprayed plots (29.42 t/ha).

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