تجزیه پایداری عملکرد دانه لاین ها و ارقام جو دیم با استفاده از مدل GGE biplot
محورهای موضوعی :
فرهاد آهک پز
1
(عضو هیأت علمی موسسه تحقیقات کشاورزی دیم کشور، مراغه، ایران.)
فرزاد آهک پز
2
(عضو هیأت علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد میاندوآب، گروه کشاورزی، میاندوآب، ایران.)
کلید واژه: عملکرد, پایداری, جو دیم, GGE بای پلات,
چکیده مقاله :
این تحقیق به منظور بررسی پایداری عملکرد دانه و تعیین ژنوتیپ‌های پرمحصول و سازگار در قالب آزمایش‌های یکنواخت ناحیه ای جو، در ایستگاه‌های تحقیقاتی مناطق سردسیر و معتدل دیم شامل مراغه، سرارود، اردیبل، ارومیه، کردستان (قاملو) و زنجان انجام گرفت. در این بررسی تعداد 10 لاین جو به همراه دو رقم شاهد (محلی و آبیدر) در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار طی سه سال زراعی (88-1385) مورد مطالعه و ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. تجزیه مرکب (3 سال و 6 مکان) نشان داد که اثرات ساده سال، مکان و ژنوتیپ، اثر متقابل مکان× ژنوتیپ و اثر سه جانبه سال× مکان× ژنوتیپ بر عملکرد دانه از نظر آماری معنی‌دار هستند. بیشترین وکمترین عملکرد دانه به ترتیب مربوط به ایستگاه سرارود (2549) کیلوگرم در هکتار و ایستگاه زنجان (1578) کیلوگرم در هکتار بوده و لاین شماره 9 با متوسط عملکرد دانه 2061 کیلوگرم در هکتار بیشترین عملکرد دانه را در بین ژنوتیپ های آزمایشی داشت. برای مطالعه اثر متقابل ژنوتیپ در محیط از روش GGE بای پلات استفاده شد. بر اساس نمودار چند ضلعی مربوط به ژنوتیپ‌ها، ژنوتیپ شماره 1 بیشترین عملکرد را در اردبیل و ژنوتیپ شماره 5 بیشترین عملکرد را در زنجان، مراغه و ارومیه داشته و ژنوتیپ شماره 3 و شماره 4 به ترتیب در قاملو و سرارود برتر بودند. بر اساس نمودار محیط های ایده آل فرضی، محیط ارومیه به این محیط نزدیک تر بود و بر اساس نمودار ژنوتیپ ایده آل فرضی و نمودار بای پلات ژنوتیپ ها و محیط‌ها، ژنوتیپ شماره 5 باتوجه به معیار پایداری مورد استفاده، پایداری مطلوب‌تری را نشان داد و این ژنوتیپ به عنوان ژنوتیپ برتر از نظر پر محصولی و پایداری عملکرد شناسایی شد.
This study was conducted to determine grain yield stability of rainfed promising barley genotypes in six Iranian rainfed research stations (Maragheh, Sararood, Uromieh, Ghamloo, Zanjan and Ardabil) under cold and semi-cold conditions during three cropping seasons (2006-2009). The studied genotypes were 10 promising barley lines along with two checks (one local variety and newly released variety of Abidar). In each environment, the experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Results of combined ANOVA showed that location, year, genotype, interaction of location and genotype, and interaction of year, location and genotype had significant effect on grain yield. The genotypes showed the highest and the lowest grain yield in Sararood (2549 Kg/ha) and Zanjan (1578 Kg/ha) stations, respectively. Line No.9 produced the highest grain yield (2061 Kg/ha). To study the interaction of genotype and environment, GGE biplot method was used. Based on the polygonal graphs related to genotypes, genotype No.1 (G1) produced the highest yield in Ardabil and genotype No.5 (G5) showed the highest yield in Zanjan, Maragheh and Uromieh. Besides, genotype 3 (G3) and genotype 4 (G4) produced the highest yield in Ghamloo and Sararood stations, respectively. Based on the theoretical ideal environments graph, Uromieh was closer to the ideal environment. Regarding to the imaginary ideal genotype graph and biplot of genotypes and environments, genotype No.5 was identified as the best one due to its higher yield and better yield stability
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