Heat Transfer of Wavy Microchannel Heat Sink with Microtube and Ag/Water-Ethylene Glycol Hybrid Nanofluid

Subject Areas : micro and nano mechanics

Akram  Jahanbakhshi ¹ (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shahrekord, Iran)
Afshin  Ahmadi Nadooshan ² (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran)
morteza  Bayreh ³ (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran)

Received: 2022-03-25 Accepted : 2022-04-30 Published : 2022-12-01

Keywords: heat transfer, Microtube, numerical simulation, Hybrid nanofluid, Heat sink, Wavy microchannel,

Abstract :

In the present study, novel channel geometries in a wavy channel heat sink (HS) are investigated using ANSYS-FLUENT software. The Ag/water-ethylene glycol (50%) nanofluid is selected for cooling the CPU in this HS. The second-order upwind method is employed to discretize the momentum Equation and the SIMPLEC algorithm is employed for coupling velocity and pressure fields. Comparison of the two HSs with and without microtube shows that the presence of the microtube increases the uniformity of the CPU surface temperature distribution and decreases the mean surface temperature of the CPU (TCPU-Mean). However, the pumping power consumption of the system increases about 10 times. The results also demonstrate that the addition of nanoparticles results in intensification in the Performance Evaluation Criterion (PEC) of the system and up to 30%, especially at high Reynolds numbers.

References:

• D. Mc Cormack, P. D., Welker, H., and Kelleher, M., Taylor-Goertler Vortices and Their Effect on Heat Transfer, J. Heat Transfer, Vol. 92, No. 1, 1970, pp. 101-112.


• Dean, W. R, Fluid Motion in a Curved Channel, Proceedings of The Royal Society of London, Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character, Vol. 121, No. 787, 1928, 402-420.


• Cheng, K., Akiyam, M., Laminar Forced Convection Heat Transfer in Curved Rectangular Channels, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 13, 1970, 471-490.


• Kalb, C, J. Seader, Heat and Mass Transfer Phenomena for Viscous Flow in Curved Circular Tubes, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 15, 1972, pp. 801-817.


• Guo, J., Xu, M., and Cheng, L., Second Law Analysis of Curved Rectangular Channels, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 50, 2011, 760-768.


• Yang, R., Chang, S., and Wu, W., Flow and Heat Transfer in a Curved Pipe with Periodically Varying Curvature, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 27, 2000, 133-143.


• Yang, R., Chiang, F. P., An Experimental Heat Transfer Study for Periodically Varying-Curvature Curved-Pipe, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 45, 2002, 3199-3204.


• Sui, Y., Lee, P., and Teo, C., An Experimental Study of Flow Friction and Heat Transfer in Wavy Microchannels with Rectangular Cross Section, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 50, 2011, pp. 2473-2482.


• Tuckerman, D. B., Pease, R. F. W., High-Performance Heat Sinking for VLSI, IEEE Electron Device Letters, Vol. 2, 1981, pp. 126-129.


• Knight, R. W., Hall, D. J., Goodling, J. S., and Jaeger, R. C., Heat Sink Optimization with Application to Microchannels, IEEE Transactions on Components, Hybrids, and Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 15, 1992, 832-842.


• Peng, X., Peterson, G., Forced Convection Heat Transfer of Single-Phase Binary Mixtures Through Microchannels, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 12, 1996, pp. 98-104.


• Qu, W., Mudawar, I., Experimental and Numerical Study of Pressure Drop and Heat Transfer in A Single-Phase Micro-Channel Heat Sink, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 45, 2002, pp. 2549-2565.


• Tiselj, I., Hetsroni, G., Mavko, B., Mosyak, A., Pogrebnyak, E., and Segal, Z., Effect of Axial Conduction on The Heat Transfer in Micro-Channels, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 47, 2004, 2551-2565.


• Lee, P. S., Garimella, S. V., and Liu, D., Investigation of Heat Transfer in Rectangular Microchannels, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,Vol. 48, 200, pp. 1688-1704.


• do Nascimento, F. J., Leão H. L. S. L., and Ribatski, G., An Experimental Study on Flow Boiling Heat Transfer of R134a in a Microchannel-Based Heat Sink, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 45, 117-127.


• Lin, L., Zhao, J., Lu, G., Wang, X. D., and Yan, W. M., Heat Transfer Enhancement in Microchannel Heat Sink by Wavy Channel with Changing Wavelength/Amplitude, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 118, 2017, 423-434.


• Chon, C. H., Kihm, K. D., Lee, S. P., and Choi, S. U., Empirical Correlation Finding the Role of Temperature and Particle Size For Nanofluid (Al 2 O 3) Thermal Conductivity Enhancement, Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 87, 2005,


• Esfe, M. H., Afrand, M., Gharehkhani, S., Rostamian, H., Toghraie, D., and Dahari, M., An Experimental Study on Viscosity of Alumina-Engine Oil: Effects of Temperature and Nanoparticles Concentration, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 76, 2016, 202-208.


• Selvakumar, P., and Suresh, S., Convective Performance of Cuo/Water Nanofluid in an Electronic Heat Sink, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 40, 2012, pp. 57-63.


• Ermagan, H., and Rafee, R., Geometric Optimization of an Enhanced Microchannel Heat Sink with Superhydrophobic Walls, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 130, 2018, pp. 384-394.


• Ahmed, H. E., Ahmed, M., Seder, I. M., F., and Salman, B. H., Experimental Investigation for Sequential Triangular Double-Layered Microchannel Heat Sink with Nanofluids, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 77, 2016, 104-115.


• Tafarroj, M. M., Mahian, O., Kasaeian, A., Sakamatapan, K., Dalkilic, A. S., and Wongwises, S., Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Nanofluid Flow in a Microchannel Heat Sink Using Experimental Data, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 86, 2017, pp. 25-31.


• Esfahani, M. A., Toghraie, D., Experimental Investigation for Developing a New Model for The Thermal Conductivity of Silica/Water-Ethylene Glycol (40%–60%) Nanofluid at Different Temperatures and Solid Volume Fractions, Journal of Molecular Liquids, Vol. 232, 2017, pp. 105-112.


• Ghasemi, S., Karimipour, A., Experimental Investigation of The Effects of Temperature and Mass Fraction on the Dynamic Viscosity of CuO-Paraffin Nanofluid, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 128, 2018, pp. 189-197.


• Karimipour, A., Ghasemi, S., Darvanjooghi, M. H. K., and Abdollahi, A., A New Correlation for Estimating the Thermal Conductivity and Dynamic Viscosity of CuO/Liquid Paraffin Nanofluid Using Neural Network Method, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 92, 2018, 90-99


• Afrand, M., Najafabadi, K. N., and Akbari, M., Effects of Temperature and Solid Volume Fraction on Viscosity of SiO2-MWCNTs/SAE40 Hybrid Nanofluid as a Coolant and Lubricant in Heat Engines, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 102, 2016, 45-54.


• Sharifpur, M., Adio, S. A., and Meyer, J. P., Experimental Investigation and Model Development for Effective Viscosity of Al2O3–Glycerol Nanofluids by Using Dimensional Analysis and GMDH-NN Methods, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 68, 2015, pp. 208-219.


• Asadi, A., Asadi, M., Rezaei, M., Siahmargoi, M., and Asadi, F., The Effect of Temperature and Solid Concentration on Dynamic Viscosity of MWCNT/MgO (20–80)–SAE50 Hybrid Nano-Lubricant and Proposing a New Correlation: an Experimental Study, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 78, 2016, 48-53.


• Esfe, M. H., Saedodin, S., Naderi, A., Alirezaie, A., Karimipour, A.,Wongwises, S., Goodarzi, M., and Bin Dahari, M., Modeling of Thermal Conductivity of ZnO-EG Using Experimental Data and ANN Methods, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 63, 2015, 35-40.


• Zhou, J., Hatami, M., Song, D., and Jing, D., Design of Microchannel Heat Sink with Wavy Channel and Its Time-Efficient Optimization with Combined RSM and FVM Methods, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 103, 2016, pp. 715-724.


• Hatami, M., Sun, L., Jing, D., Günerhan, H., and Kameswaran, P. K., Rotating Cylinder Turbulator Effect on The Heat Transfer of a Nanofluid Flow in a Wavy Divergent Channel. Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics, 2020, Doi 22055/JACM.2020.34587.2440.


• Al-Rashed, A. A., Shahsavar, A., Rasooli, O., Moghimi, M., Karimipour, A., and Tran, M. D., Numerical Assessment Into the Hydrothermal and Entropy Generation Characteristics of Biological Water-Silver Nano-Fluid in a Wavy Walled Microchannel Heat Sink, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 104, 2019, pp118-126.


• Sarafraz, M., Hormozi, F., Intensification of Forced Convection Heat Transfer Using Biological Nanofluid in a Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 66, 2015, 279-289.


• Sivakumar, A., Alagumurthi, N., and Senthilvelan, T., Investigation of Heat Transfer in Serpentine Shaped Microchannel Using Al2O3/Water Nanofluid, Heat Transfer—Asian Research, Vol. 45, 2016, 424-433.