مروری بر راهکارهای معدنکاری سبز به منظورحفاظت از محیط زیست و توسعه پایدار
محورهای موضوعی : شیمی و مهندسی شیمی کلیه گرایش ها
1 - استادیار، گروه زمین شناسی، واحد اهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهر، ایران
کلید واژه: معدنکاری سبز, محیط زیست, توسعه پایدار,
چکیده مقاله :
با توسعه و بهره برداری از معادن، مشکلات زیست محیطی و پدیده های مربوط به آن به تدریج نمایان گردیده که برخی از آن ها منجر به نتایج بسیار آسیب زا برای جوامع انسانی و طبیعی شده است. بنابراین رابطه متوازن سه فاکتور «استخراج منابع- حفاظت از محیط زیست – توسعه پایدار مناطق معدنی»، موضوع بسیار مهمی است که در توسعه منابع کشورها در قرن بیست و یکم به آن، استخراج سبز می گویند. استخراج سبز به دنبال کاهش تأثیرات زیست محیطی استخراج معادن با استفاده از فناوری های کارآمدتر و کاهش ضایعات است. این رویکرد بر استفاده از منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر، بازیافت و توسعه راه حل های نوآورانه تأکید دارد. استخراج سبز امکان بازیابی تمامی مواد معدنی مفید و به حداقل رساندن زباله های معدنی را فراهم می سازد. در حقیقت هدف این مفهوم، اطمینان از دسترسی به منابع معدنی برای نسل های آینده است که نیازمند سرمایه گذاری بلند مدت در اکتشاف مواد معدنی با حمایت دولت، تحقیق در سیستم های معدنی و توسعه تکنیک های اکتشافی است. جوامع، دولت ها و سرمایه گذاران نباید در آینده به شرکت های معدنی غیرپایدار اجازه فعالیت بدهند و صنعت و شرکت های معدنی باید با بکارگیری مفاهیم جامع مانند مفهوم معدن سبز، به حل مشکلات اجتماعی، اکولوژیکی و فنی بپردازند تا بتوانند مجوز اجتماعی فعالیت خود را کسب کنند.
With the development and exploitation of mines, environmental problems and related phenomena have gradually become apparent, some of which have led to very harmful consequences for human and natural communities. Therefore, the balanced relationship among the three factors of 'resource extraction, environmental protection, and sustainable development of mining areas' is a very important topic that is referred to as green extraction in the development of countries' resources in the twenty-first century. The green extraction aims to reduce the environmental impacts of mining by utilizing more efficient technologies and minimizing waste. This approach emphasizes the use of renewable energy sources, recycling, and the development of innovative solutions. The green extraction allows for the extraction of all useful minerals while minimizing mineral waste. In fact, the aim of this concept is to ensure access to mineral resources for future generations, which requires long-term investment in mineral exploration supported by the government, research in mineral systems, and the development of exploration techniques. Communities, governments, and investors should not allow unsustainable mining companies to operate in the future. The mining industry and companies must address social, ecological, and technical issues by employing comprehensive concepts such as the green mining concept in order to obtain their social license to operate.
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