نظریۀ توسعه پایدار فرهنگی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی باشگاه های حرفه ای ایران
محورهای موضوعی : مطالعات آینده نگاری راهبردی در ورزشزهرا سهرابی 1 , مهرداد محرم زاده 2 , عباس نقی زاده باقی 3 , نسرین عزیزیان کهن 4
1 - گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
2 - گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
3 - گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
4 - گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.
کلید واژه: عدم قطعیت, آینده نگاری, باشگاه ها, پیشران, ورزش حرفه ای,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: پژوهش حاضر تلاش دارد با تمرکز بر برساخت‌گرایی اجتماعی، آن را با آینده‌پژوهی پیوند داده و در این فرآیند، با استفاده از رویکرد ساختگرای نظریۀ مبنایی، نظریه‌ای با برد کوتاه در ساخت آینده‌های احتمالی باشگاه های ورزش حرفه ای ارائه دهد. رشد باشگاه های، سرآغاز توسعه صنعت ورزش است.روش شناسی: داده‌های این پژوهش کیفی که ماهیتی اکتشافی- بنیادی داشت، از طریق نمونه‌گیری هدفمند با تکنیک گلوله‌برفی و بر اساس مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه‌ساختاریافته با 20 نفر از خبرگان حوزۀ باشگاه های ورزش حرفه ای جمع‌آوری شد. درک تفسیری دقیق و کدگذاری‌های اولیه، متمرکزشده، محوری و نظری مشخص کرد که باشگاه های ورزش حرفه ای بر اساس ملزومات شکل‌دهندۀ آینده، با غلبه بر وزن گذشته، فشار حال و هم راستا با کشش آینده و انتخاب رفتار پیش‌نگرانه در رویارویی با آینده می‌تواند آینده مطلوب خود را بسازد و برای آن چشم‌انداز تعیین نماید.نتایج: در این پژوهش" تحلیل کلان روندهای آینده، درآمدزایی از رسانه‌های اجتماعی، فرمول‌های جدید فروش بازیکن، وجود استعدادهای فراوان در تمامی رشته‌ها در ایران، استعداد یابی پایدار توسط باشگاه‌ها، توسعه اکادمی‌ها و فراهم ساختن اقدامات قانونی برای حق پخش می باشند. نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی پیشنهاد می گردد خصوصی سازی باشگاه‌ها با حضور بورس و فرا بورس، پیاده‌سازی اصول حاکمیت شرکتی در باشگاه، تأسیس نهاد مستقل تجارت در ورزش، ایجاد اماکن درآمدزا توسط باشگاه‌ها، تحول فناوری محور برای حفظ حقوق اقتصادی باشگاه‌های ورزشی از این طریق، ورود به بحث گردشگری ورزشی با ورزش-های پرمخاطب توسط باشگاه‌ها در دستور کار اتحادیه باشگاه های حرفه ای قرار گیرد.
Purpose: The current research tries to focus on social constructionism, link it with futurism, and in this process, using the constructivist approach of grounded theory, and present a short-range theory in the construction of possible futures of professional sports. The growth of professional sports is the beginning of the development of the sports industry.Methodology: The data of this qualitative research, which had an exploratory-fundamental nature, was collected through targeted sampling with the snowball technique and based on in-depth semi-structured interviews with 20 experts in the field of professional sports. A detailed interpretive understanding and primary, focused, central and theoretical coding determined that professional sports based on the requirements of shaping the future, by overcoming the weight of the past, the pressure of the present and in line with the tension of the future and the choice of proactive behavior in facing the future, can achieve its desired future. Make and set a perspective for it.Results: In this research, macro analysis of future trends, income generation from social media, new formulas for selling players, the existence of many talents in all disciplines in Iran, sustainable talent search by clubs, development of academies and provision of legal measures for broadcasting rights.Conclusion: In a general conclusion, it can be acknowledged that by identifying the surprises and drivers affecting the future of professional sports in Iran, it is possible to identify its various futures with different possibilities. Surprises sometimes bring transformative events such as the invention of a new technology. Sometimes it is possible to be aware of a surprise that is about to happen by tracking weak signs, but this is not always possible. Therefore, it is suggested to privatize the clubs with the presence of the stock market and non-stock market, the implementation of the principles of corporate governance in the club, the establishment of an independent business institution in sports, the creation of income-generating places by the clubs, technology-based transformation in ticket sales, providing online services to fans (buying, The sale of club clothes), the passing of laws to protect the economic rights of sports clubs, the creation of professional television channels in the context of technology, in this way, entering into the discussion of sports tourism with high-profile sports by clubs should be placed on the agenda of the Union of Professional Clubs of Iran. In the field of professional sports, issues such as the status of professional sports rights, the status of professional clubs, the status of professional athletes and the status of professional coaches are addressed. Legally, the legitimacy of professional sports is not explicitly mentioned in any of the existing laws. For this reason, different people with different interpretations of existing laws have commented on the legitimacy or illegitimacy of this sport. The same is the case with the financing of professional sports. Media rights are the most important source of income for professional clubs. The Broadcasting Organization does not consider itself obligated to pay this right in any way. There is no specific and codified law regarding other financial sources. Playing professional sports is to earn money. Therefore, in this type of sport, relationships are more commercial. Business rules and regulations do not apply in some cases in the field of professional sports. Due to this legal gap, special laws should be prepared regarding the legal relations between institutions and individuals in professional sports. One of the reasons for the weakness of professional sports is the lack of a support system for institutions, athletes and coaches. For the development of professional sports, it is necessary for those involved in this type of sports to have sufficient legal and financial support.
Aryanmanesh, M., Javanshiri, A., & Modirshanechi, M. (2019). The Wild-Cards and Driver Forces of Iran-US Relations in 2029. Iran Future Studies, 4(1), 117-140.
Burns, A. (2021). Foundation Professor of Foresight: Richard Slaughter’s scholarly book contributions to Futures Studies and Strategic Foresight. Futures, 132, 102787.
Charmaz, K. (2020). “With constructivist grounded theory you can’t hide”: Social justice research and critical inquiry in the public sphere. Qualitative Inquiry, 26(2), 165-176.
Deniz, S., & Yenel, F. (2013). The structural analysis of physical education and sports system in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 89, 772-780.
Erkoyuncu, J. A., Roy, R., Shehab, E., Durugbo, C., Khan, S., & Datta, P. (2019). An effective uncertainty based framework for sustainable industrial product-service system transformation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 208, 160-177.
Ghasemi, H., Tojari, F., Borojerdialavi, M., Emami, H., & Amiri, M. (2012). Content Analysis of Chiefs’ Viewpoints on Sport Components (1969-2009). Journal of Sport Management, 4(13), 137-152.
Godet, M. (2006). Creating Futures: Scenario Planning as a strategic management tool (pp. 280). Washington, DC: Economica. Economica Brookings diffusion.
Hodgett, R. E., & Siraj, S. (2019). SURE: A method for decision-making under uncertainty. Expert Systems with Applications, 115, 684-694.
Mahmoodizad Azari, S., Ehsani, M., Nazari, R., & Norouzi Seyed Hossini, R. (2022). Presenting the market value model of professional football players in the Iranian Premier League: A structuralist approach ground theory. Sport Management Studies, 14(71).
Minen, M. T., Morio, K., Schaubhut, K. B., Powers, S. W., Lipton, R. B., & Seng, E. (2020). Focus group findings on the migraine patient experience during research studies and ideas for future investigations. Cephalalgia, 40(7), 712-734.
Naghshzan Khajouie, R., Salimi, M., & Nazari, R. (2021). Presenting a Structural Model for Iranian Sports Events Brands. Sport Management Studies, 13(67), 140-169.
Nazari, R., & Azari, S. M. (2021). PRESENTING THE MARKET VALUE MODEL OF PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN IRAN: A CONSTRUCTIONIST APPROACH OF GROUNDED THEORY. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 7(1).
Nazari, R., & Hajiheydari, V. (2021). Resistance Economy in Professional Sport-An Institutionalized Model. Sports Business Journal, 1(2), 59-73. doi: 10.22051/sbj.2022.38406.1018
Niazy, P., & Rafeei Dehkordi, F. (2022). Presenting a sports entrepreneurship model with a social capital approach based on data foundation theory. Strategic Sociological Studies in Sport, 2(2), -. doi: 10.30486/4s.2022.1955477.1035
Otoo, F. E., & Kim, S. (2020). Analysis of studies on the travel motivations of senior tourists from 1980 to 2017: Progress and future directions. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(4), 393-417.
Rafeei Dehkordi, F., Nazari, R., & Niazy, P. (2022). Presenting the Pattern of Mentoring Behavior of Iranian Sports Managers: As a strategic behavior. Strategic Sociological Studies in Sport, 2(1), -. doi: 10.30486/4s.2022.1954392.1034
Roumiani, A., Rahimi, M., & Henry, F. (2020). Planning and Foresight Sustainable Tourism Development in Khuzestan Province. Regional Planning, 0-0.
Shahvali Kohshouri, J., Askari, A., & Nazari, R. (2022). Identifying the effective Wild Cards and drivers on the future of Iran’s educational sport. Research on Educational Sport, 10(26), 84-51.
Shahvali Kohshouri, J., Askari, A., Nazari, R., & Naghsh, A. (2022). Future study in higher education: designing a strategic corridor of Iranian university sports with an interdisciplinary approach. Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, 14(3), 157-193.
Teddlie, C., & Tashakkori, A. (2009). Foundations of mixed methods research: Integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches in the social and behavioral sciences: Sage.
Troelstra, A. S. (2011). History of constructivism in the 20th century. Set Theory, Arithmetic, and Foundations of Mathematics, 150-179.
van der Laan, L. (2021). Disentangling strategic foresight? A critical analysis of the term building on the pioneering work of Richard Slaughter. Futures, 132, 102782.
Viscu, L.-I., & Watkins Jr, C. E. (2021). A guide to clinical supervision: The supervision pyramid: Academic Press.
Wade, J. B., Harrison, J. R., Dobbs, M. E., & Zhao, X. (2019). Who Will Stay and Who Will Go? Related agglomeration and the mortality of professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada, 1871–1997. Organization Studies, 40(11), 1657-1684.
Wallach, D., Makowski, D., Jones, J. W., & Brun, F. (2014). Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. Working with Dynamic Crop Models: Methods, Tools and Examples for Agriculture and Environment. Oxford: Elsevier Science.
Wang, N. (2022). Application of DASH client optimization and artificial intelligence in the management and operation of big data tourism hotels. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 61(1), 81-90.
Yabalooie, B., Nazari, R., & Zargar, T. (2022). Propellants of Promoting Productivity Professional Football Clubs in Iran. Sports Business Journal, 2(2), 105-123. doi: 10.22051/sbj.2022.41645.1052
Zare, S. G., Alipour, M., Hafezi, M., Stewart, R. A., & Rahman, A. (2022). Examining wind energy deployment pathways in complex macro-economic and political settings using a fuzzy cognitive map-based method. Energy, 238, 121673.
Zhao, J., Li, R., Ma, J., & Zhang, W. (2019). Longitudinal relations between future planning and adolescents’ academic achievement in China. Journal of adolescence, 75, 73-84.
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Aryanmanesh, M., Javanshiri, A., & Modirshanechi, M. (2019). The Wild-Cards and Driver Forces of Iran-US Relations in 2029. Iran Future Studies, 4(1), 117-140.
Burns, A. (2021). Foundation Professor of Foresight: Richard Slaughter’s scholarly book contributions to Futures Studies and Strategic Foresight. Futures, 132, 102787.
Charmaz, K. (2020). “With constructivist grounded theory you can’t hide”: Social justice research and critical inquiry in the public sphere. Qualitative Inquiry, 26(2), 165-176.
Deniz, S., & Yenel, F. (2013). The structural analysis of physical education and sports system in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 89, 772-780.
Erkoyuncu, J. A., Roy, R., Shehab, E., Durugbo, C., Khan, S., & Datta, P. (2019). An effective uncertainty based framework for sustainable industrial product-service system transformation. Journal of Cleaner Production, 208, 160-177.
Ghasemi, H., Tojari, F., Borojerdialavi, M., Emami, H., & Amiri, M. (2012). Content Analysis of Chiefs’ Viewpoints on Sport Components (1969-2009). Journal of Sport Management, 4(13), 137-152.
Godet, M. (2006). Creating Futures: Scenario Planning as a strategic management tool (pp. 280). Washington, DC: Economica. Economica Brookings diffusion.
Hodgett, R. E., & Siraj, S. (2019). SURE: A method for decision-making under uncertainty. Expert Systems with Applications, 115, 684-694.
Mahmoodizad Azari, S., Ehsani, M., Nazari, R., & Norouzi Seyed Hossini, R. (2022). Presenting the market value model of professional football players in the Iranian Premier League: A structuralist approach ground theory. Sport Management Studies, 14(71).
Minen, M. T., Morio, K., Schaubhut, K. B., Powers, S. W., Lipton, R. B., & Seng, E. (2020). Focus group findings on the migraine patient experience during research studies and ideas for future investigations. Cephalalgia, 40(7), 712-734.
Naghshzan Khajouie, R., Salimi, M., & Nazari, R. (2021). Presenting a Structural Model for Iranian Sports Events Brands. Sport Management Studies, 13(67), 140-169.
Nazari, R., & Azari, S. M. (2021). PRESENTING THE MARKET VALUE MODEL OF PROFESSIONAL FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN IRAN: A CONSTRUCTIONIST APPROACH OF GROUNDED THEORY. European Journal of Physical Education and Sport Science, 7(1).
Nazari, R., & Hajiheydari, V. (2021). Resistance Economy in Professional Sport-An Institutionalized Model. Sports Business Journal, 1(2), 59-73. doi: 10.22051/sbj.2022.38406.1018
Niazy, P., & Rafeei Dehkordi, F. (2022). Presenting a sports entrepreneurship model with a social capital approach based on data foundation theory. Strategic Sociological Studies in Sport, 2(2), -. doi: 10.30486/4s.2022.1955477.1035
Otoo, F. E., & Kim, S. (2020). Analysis of studies on the travel motivations of senior tourists from 1980 to 2017: Progress and future directions. Current Issues in Tourism, 23(4), 393-417.
Rafeei Dehkordi, F., Nazari, R., & Niazy, P. (2022). Presenting the Pattern of Mentoring Behavior of Iranian Sports Managers: As a strategic behavior. Strategic Sociological Studies in Sport, 2(1), -. doi: 10.30486/4s.2022.1954392.1034
Roumiani, A., Rahimi, M., & Henry, F. (2020). Planning and Foresight Sustainable Tourism Development in Khuzestan Province. Regional Planning, 0-0.
Shahvali Kohshouri, J., Askari, A., & Nazari, R. (2022). Identifying the effective Wild Cards and drivers on the future of Iran’s educational sport. Research on Educational Sport, 10(26), 84-51.
Shahvali Kohshouri, J., Askari, A., Nazari, R., & Naghsh, A. (2022). Future study in higher education: designing a strategic corridor of Iranian university sports with an interdisciplinary approach. Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, 14(3), 157-193.
Teddlie, C., & Tashakkori, A. (2009). Foundations of mixed methods research: Integrating quantitative and qualitative approaches in the social and behavioral sciences: Sage.
Troelstra, A. S. (2011). History of constructivism in the 20th century. Set Theory, Arithmetic, and Foundations of Mathematics, 150-179.
van der Laan, L. (2021). Disentangling strategic foresight? A critical analysis of the term building on the pioneering work of Richard Slaughter. Futures, 132, 102782.
Viscu, L.-I., & Watkins Jr, C. E. (2021). A guide to clinical supervision: The supervision pyramid: Academic Press.
Wade, J. B., Harrison, J. R., Dobbs, M. E., & Zhao, X. (2019). Who Will Stay and Who Will Go? Related agglomeration and the mortality of professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada, 1871–1997. Organization Studies, 40(11), 1657-1684.
Wallach, D., Makowski, D., Jones, J. W., & Brun, F. (2014). Uncertainty and sensitivity analysis. Working with Dynamic Crop Models: Methods, Tools and Examples for Agriculture and Environment. Oxford: Elsevier Science.
Wang, N. (2022). Application of DASH client optimization and artificial intelligence in the management and operation of big data tourism hotels. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 61(1), 81-90.
Yabalooie, B., Nazari, R., & Zargar, T. (2022). Propellants of Promoting Productivity Professional Football Clubs in Iran. Sports Business Journal, 2(2), 105-123. doi: 10.22051/sbj.2022.41645.1052
Zare, S. G., Alipour, M., Hafezi, M., Stewart, R. A., & Rahman, A. (2022). Examining wind energy deployment pathways in complex macro-economic and political settings using a fuzzy cognitive map-based method. Energy, 238, 121673.
Zhao, J., Li, R., Ma, J., & Zhang, W. (2019). Longitudinal relations between future planning and adolescents’ academic achievement in China. Journal of adolescence, 75, 73-84.