The Mechanical Properties of PA6/NBR/clay/CaCO3 Hybrid Nanocomposites
محورهای موضوعی : Additive manufacturing processesAbouzar Haghshenas 1 , Hamzeh Shahrajabian 2
1 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
2 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
کلید واژه: Mechanical Properties, Calcium carbonate, Polyamide 6, Nitrile Butadiene Rubber, Organo-clay,
چکیده مقاله :
In this study, polyamide 6 (PA6)/ nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) based hybrid-nanocomposites reinforced with calcium carbonate and organo-clay as nanofillers in various content of 1, 3 and 5 phr were prepared and characterized. The nanocomposite samples were prepared through the melt processing method in an internal mixer. The effect of rubber phase (NBR) content (10, 30, and 50 wt.%), calcium carbonate content (1, 3, and 5 phr), and organo-clay content (1, 3, and 5) was investigated on morphology and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites. The mechanical properties were evaluated by tensile, flexural, and Charpy impact tests. The results showed that adding the NBR reduces the tensile strength, tensile modulus, flexural strength, and flexural modulus, and increases the impact strength. Introducing the nano-clay and calcium carbonate improves the tensile and flexural strength, tensile and flexural modulus, and decreases the impact strength. The nano-clay content from 1 to 3 phr improved the impact strength.
[1] Coran, A.Y., Patel, R.P. and Williams, D. 1982. Rubber-thermoplastic compositions. Part v. Selecting polymers for thermoplastic vulcanizates. Rubber Chemistry and Technology. 55(1): 116-136.
[2] De, S. and Bhowmick, A.K. 1990. Thermoplastic elastomers from rubber-plastic blends. ed. Ellis Horwood,
[3] Zhang, H., Cui, Z., Wang, Y., Zhang, K., Ji, X., Lü, C., Yang, B. and Gao, M. 2003. From water‐soluble cdte nanocrystals to fluorescent nanocrystal–polymer transparent composites using polymerizable surfactants. Advanced Materials. 15(10): 777-780.
[4] Faramarzi, I. and Razzaghi-Kashani, M. 2015. Improvements in tribological properties of polyamide 6 by application of aramid pulp. Iranian Polymer Journal. 24(4): 329-335.
[5] Coran, A.Y. and Patel, R. 1980. Rubber-thermoplastic compositions. Part i. Epdm-polypropylene thermoplastic vulcanizates. Rubber Chemistry and Technology. 53(1): 141-150.
[6] Mehrabzadeh, M. and Delfan, N. 2000. Thermoplastic elastomers of butadiene‐acrylonitrile copolymer and polyamide. Vi. Dynamic crosslinking by different systems. Journal of applied polymer science. 77(9): 2057-2066.
[7] Chowdhury, R., Banerji, M. and Shivakumar, K. 2006. Development of acrylonitrile‐butadiene (nbr)/polyamide thermoplastic elastomeric compositions: Effect of carboxylation in the nbr phase. Journal of applied polymer science. 100(2): 1008-1012.
[8] Kumar, C.R., Nair, S.V., George, K., Oommen, Z. and Thomas, S. 2003. Blends of nylon/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber: Effects of blend ratio, dynamic vulcanization and reactive compatibilization on rheology and extrudate morphology. Polymer Engineering & Science. 43(9): 1555-1565.
[9] Cai, Z., Li, Y., Yang, Z. and Jiang, M. 2020. Effects of acrylonitrile content of nitrile rubber on mechanical properties of polyamide 6/nitrile rubber blends. Materials Research Express. 6(12): 125362.
[10] Garces, J.M., Moll, D.J., Bicerano, J., Fibiger, R. and McLeod, D.G. 2000. Polymeric nanocomposites for automotive applications. Advanced Materials. 12(23): 1835-1839.
[11] Katbab, A., Nazockdast, H. and Bazgir, S. 2000. Carbon black‐reinforced dynamically cured epdm/pp thermoplastic elastomers. I. Morphology, rheology, and dynamic mechanical properties. Journal of applied polymer science. 75(9): 1127-1137.
[12] Naderi, G., Lafleur, P.G. and Dubois, C. 2007. Microstructure‐properties correlations in dynamically vulcanized nanocomposite thermoplastic elastomers based on pp/epdm. Polymer Engineering & Science. 47(3): 207-217.
[13] Shahrajabian, H., Ahmadi-Brooghani, S.Y. and Ahmadi, S.J. 2013. Characterization of mechanical and thermal properties of vinyl-ester/tio 2 nanocomposites exposured to electron beam. Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials. 23(6): 1282-1288.
[14] Shahrajabian, H. and Sadeghian, F. 2019. The investigation of alumina nanoparticles’ effects on the mechanical and thermal properties of hdpe/rpet/mape blends. International Nano Letters. 9(3): 213-219.
[15] Hasegawa, N., Okamoto, H., Kato, M. and Usuki, A. 2000. Preparation and mechanical properties of polypropylene–clay hybrids based on modified polypropylene and organophilic clay. Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 78(11): 1918-1922.
[16] Mahallati, P., Arefazar, A. and Naderi, G. 2011. Thermal and morphological properties of thermoplastic elastomer nanocomposites based on pa6/nbr.):
[17] Paran, S., Naderi, G. and Ghoreishy, M. 2017. Microstructure and mechanical properties of thermoplastic elastomer nanocomposites based on pa6/nbr/hnt. Polymer Composites. 38: E451-E461.
[18] Shemshadi, R. and Naderi, G. 2018. The relationship between rheological behavior and microstructure of nanocomposite based on pa6/nbr/clay. Polymer Composites. 39(7): 2403-2410.
[19] Paran, S., Naderi, G., Ghoreishy, M. and Dubois, C. 2018. Essential work of fracture and failure mechanisms in dynamically vulcanized thermoplastic elastomer nanocomposites based on pa6/nbr/xnbr-grafted hnts. Engineering Fracture Mechanics. 200: 251-262.
[20] Nakhaei, M. and Naderi, G. 2020. Modeling and optimization of mechanical properties of pa6/nbr/graphene nanocomposite using central composite design. International Journal of Engineering. 33(9): 1803-1810.
[21] Khodabandelou, M., Aghjeh, M.K.R. and Mazidi, M.M. 2015. Fracture toughness and failure mechanisms in un-vulcanized and dynamically vulcanized pp/epdm/mwcnt blend-nanocomposites. RSC advances. 5(87): 70817-70831.
[22] Qiu, Y., Wang, J., Wu, D., Wang, Z., Zhang, M., Yao, Y. and Wei, N. 2016. Thermoplastic polyester elastomer nanocomposites filled with graphene: Mechanical and viscoelastic properties. Composites Science and Technology. 132: 108-115.
[23] Naderi, G., Razavi‐Nouri, M., Taghizadeh, E., Lafleur, P.G. and Dubois, C. 2011. Preparation of thermoplastic elastomer nanocomposites based on polyamide‐6/polyepichlorohydrin‐co‐ethylene oxide. Polymer Engineering & Science. 51(2): 278-284.
[24] Taghizadeh, E., Naderi, G. and Razavi-Nouri, M. 2011. Effects of organoclay on the mechanical properties and microstructure of pa6/eco blend. Polymer Testing. 30(3): 327-334.