عملکرد زنان به عنوان عامل جبران کننده در اقتصاد خانوار، تحلیل کیفی روایتهای زنان متأهل در شهر مشهد مبتنی بر نظریهی زمینهای
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
مهدی کرمانی
1
(استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
احمد رضا اصغرپور ماسوله
2
(استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
فاطمه آسمانی
3
(دانشجوی پژوهشگری علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
کلید واژه: زنان, درآمد, پس انداز, عامل جبران کننده, اقتصاد خانوار,
چکیده مقاله :
مطالعات مختلف مؤید ارزیابی تناقض آلود موقعیت زنان در نهاد خانواده است که در عین ایفای نقش گسترده از سوی ایشان در عرصههای مختلف زندگی خانوادگی، عملا سهم زیادی از آن نادیده گرفته میشود. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف واکاوی این فرایند مبتنی بر ادراکات و تجارب زیستهی زنان در قالبی ژرفانگر طراحی و اجرا شده است. روش انجام پژوهش کیفی و مبتنی بر نظریهی زمینهای بودهاست. دادهها از طریق مصاحبههای نیمهساختاریافته با چهارده زن متأهل خانهدار و شاغل مشهدی بهدست آمده است. کدگذاری و تجزیه و تحلیل متن مصاحبهها در قالب رویکرد سه مرحلهای استراوس وکربین، منجر به صورتبندی پدیدهی مرکزی تحت عنوان «عملکرد زنان به عنوان عامل جبران کننده در اقتصاد خانوار» شد. این پدیده با مجموعهای از شرایط زمینهای از قبیل تجربهی حضور در محیطهای اجتماعی و فرهنگی مختلف و الگوی ناظر بر تقسیم کار جنسیتی، شرایط علّی همچون الگو و میزان درآمد و پسانداز و شرایط مداخلهای مانند شرایط اجتماعی اقتصادی خانوادهی پدری و ویژگیهای واحد زناشویی، احاطه شده بود. زنان در برابر این پدیده راهبردهایی از جمله هزینهکردهای خیرخواهانه، هزینهکردهای ضروری و هزینهکردهای سرمایهای اتخاذ میکردهاند که پیامدهایی از قبیل اقتصادزدایی از روابط انسانی در خانواده و گذار کم هزینه از بحرانهای اقتصادی را بهدنبال داشته است.
Various studies confirm the contradictory assessment of the position of women in the family, which, in spite of their broad role in various areas of family life, In practice, much of them is ignored. The purpose of this study was to analyze this process based on women's perceptions and experiences. The method of doing research is qualitative and based on the grounded theory. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews with 14 married women (Includes employed and housewives) in Mashhad. Coding and analyzing the text of the interviews in the form of Strauss and Corbin's three-step approach led to the formulation of a central phenomenon entitled "Women's Performance as a Compensating Agent in the Household Economy". This phenomenon is characterized by a set of underlying conditions such as the experience of attending different social and cultural environments and the model of gender division, the causal conditions such as the pattern and amount of income and savings, interventional conditions such as social conditions Economic paternal family and features of the marriage unit were surrounded. Women have taken strategies against such phenomena, including benevolent costs, essential costs and financial costs, which would have consequences such as the economics of human-family relations and the low-cost transition from economic crisis.
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