سنجش میزان توسعه یافتگی و عوامل مؤثر برآن در نواحی روستایی استان فارس با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی و ضریب ناموزون موریس

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

مرتضی نعمتی ¹ , سیامک طهماسبی ² , معصومه قرقانی ³

1 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 - کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 - کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1393/11/22 تاریخ پذیرش : 1395/09/26 تاریخ انتشار : 1395/09/01

کلید واژه: تحلیل عاملی, توسعه روستایی, استان فارس, ضریب ناموزون موریس,

چکیده مقاله :

        طی دهه­های اخیر، توسعه به عنوان یکی از مهم­ترین چالش­های جهانی همواره توجه سیاست­مداران و برنامه­ریزان اقتصادی– اجتماعی را به خود جلب کرده است؛ در راستای دستیابی به توسعة پایدار در عرصه­های سکونتگاهی کشورها اعم از شهر و روستا، شناختِ روند تحولات گذشته، تحلیل وضع موجود و ترسیم فضای مطلوب آن­ها ضروری است. به عبارت دیگر، شناخت توانمندی­های محیطی و میزان خدمات موجود در هر منطقه و درپی آن، تعیین سطوح توسعه­یافتگی این نواحی سکونتگاهی به ویژه روستاها، نخستین گام در فرایند برنامه­ریزی و توسعة این مناطق جمعیتی به شمار می­رود. پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین عوامل مؤثر در توسعه نواحی روستایی و بررسی تفاوت­ها، تشابهات و طبقه­بندی آنها از نظر میزان توسعه­یافتگی پرداخته است. روش تحقیق از نوع روش توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده و جامعه آماری روستاهای استان فارس در سطح شهرستان­ها و اطلاعات لازم به وسیله مطالعات اسنادی جمع­آوری شده و با استفاده از روش تحلیل عاملی وضعیت 29 شهرستان استان در سه بعد اقتصادی، اجتماعی و زیست محیطی مطالعه شده و50 شاخص به 6 عامل خلاصه شده­اند. سپس سطح توسعه­یافتگی نواحی روستایی با استفاده از ضریب ناموزون موریس به چهارگروه توسعه یافته، درحال توسعه، کمترتوسعه یافته و محروم تقسیم شدند و با بهره­گیری از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی توزیع آنها نمایش داده شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان می­دهد که بین نواحی روستایی استان فارس تفاوت ها و اختلافات شدیدی وجود دارد که در این بین نواحی روستایی شهرستان شیراز (50.57درصد)، مرودشت (50.22درصد)، داراب (49.04درصد)، استهبان (46.35 درصد) و کازرون (45.59درصد)، در بالاترین سطح به عنوان گروه توسعه­یافته و در پایین­ترین سطح نواحی روستایی شهرستان­های کوار، مهر، سروستان، خنج و گراش (18.46 درصد) به عنوان گروه محروم قرار داشت.

چکیده انگلیسی:

During recent decades, development as one of the most important global challenges has been attracted the attention of politicians and socioeconomic planners. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable development in the country, including urban and rural settlement areas, studying the past events is necessary to analyze the situation and draw the appropriate spatial. In other words, knowing the capabilities of the environment and the available services in each region are necessary to determine the development level of of these areas, especially rural regions, as the first step in the planning process and development of the region's population. This study is aimed to investigate and identify the most important factors in the development of rural regions and explore the differences, similarities, and classify them in terms of development. Statistical community of this analytical-descriptive research is rural settlements of Fars province. The documentary data is collected by using the factor analysis of the 29 county of Fars province in three dimensions: economic, social and ecological status. The development level of of rural regions, by using Morris, is classified into four groups such as unbalanced, developed, less developed and deprived groups.The results show that there is strong differences among rural areas in the Fars province that means Marvdasht (50.22 percent), Darab (49.04percent), Estahban (46.35 percent) and Kazeroon (45.59 percent) are as the developed regins that placed at the highest level and Kawar, Mohr, Sarvestan, Khonj and Gerash (18.46 percent) are as deprived regions that located at the lowest level.

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