اثر پیش تیمار بذر با باکتری های محرک رشد بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت تحت تنش رطوبتی

محورهای موضوعی :

داریوش صفری ¹ (دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه خلیج‌فارس، بوشهر- ایران)

تاریخ دریافت : 1397/08/18 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/11/16 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/10/01

کلید واژه: تنش خشکی, پرایمینگ, تنش آبی, کودهای زیستی,

چکیده مقاله :

کمبود آب و تنش ناشی از آن از عوامل اصلی کاهش عملکرد گیاهان زراعی در مناطق خشک و نیمه خشک است. یکی از راهکارهای زیستی جهت کاهش اثرات منفی تنش خشکی، استفاده از باکتری های محرک رشد گیاه می باشد. در این پژوهش به منظور تعیین بررسی اثر کاربرد باکتری های محرک رشد به صورت پیش تیمار بذر بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد دانه ذرت سینگل کراس 770 تحت رژیم های مختلف رطوبتی، آزمایشی به صورت کرت های خرد شده– فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک های کامل تصادفی در مزرعه پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات کرمانشاه در سال زراعی 97-1396 اجرا شد. با اجرای سیستم آبیاری تک شاخه چهار سطح آبیاری شامل بدون تنش، تنش ملایم، متوسط و شدید اعمال شد. همچنین، تلقیح بذور با سودوموناس پوتیدا سویه 41 و 159 و سودوموناس فلورسنس سویه 23 صورت گرفت.نتایج آزمایش حاکی از معنی دار بودن تیمار تلقیح با باکتری های محرک رشد در تمامی صفات مورد مطالعه بود. با افزایش سطح تنش، صفات مورد مطالعه نسبت به شرایط بدون تنش کاهش پیدا کردند. در تمامی سطوح تنش، باکتری های محرک رشد سبب بهبود صفات مورد مطالعه شدند. بنابراین، براساس پژوهش حاضر می توان پیش تیمار بذر با باکتری های محرک رشد به ویژه سویه سودوموناس پوتیدا-159 برای بهبود عملکرد و افزایش تحمل به خشکی گیاه را توصیه نمود.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Water deficit and resulted drought stress are the main factors of crop yield lose in arid and semi-arid regions. Plant growth promoting bacteria can be used as a biological solution to mitigate negative effects of drought stress. To investigate the effect of seed priming with growth promoting bacteria on yield and yield components of corn SC770 under different drought stress conditions, a split-factorial experiment based on randomized complete block design was conducted at Kermanshah Research Center during growing season of 2017-2018.  Four irrigation levels including normal irrigation, very mild, mild, and severe stress were applied by implementing of single-branch irrigation system. The seeds are inoculated by Pseudomonas putida Strain 41, 159 and Pseudomonas fluorescence Strain 23. Bacterial inoculation had significant impact on all studied traits. Increasing stress level depressed all studied traits compared to normal irrigation condition. Also, at all stress levels, bacterial inoculation improved corn traits. Therefore, seed priming with growth-promoting bacteria especially P. putida Strain 159 is recommended for improving yield and plant drought tolerance.

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