بررسی مقاومت چند رقم خیار نسبت به سفید بالک پنبه Bemisia tabaci(Genn)(Hom: Aleyrodidae) در شرایط گلخانه
محورهای موضوعی : بهینه سازی مصرف کود و سم
معصومه ثمره فکری
1
(استادیار گروه گیاهپزشکی رشته تخصصی حشره شناسی کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد جیرفت)
زهرا علیدوست
2
(کارشناس ارشد زراعت، مرکز جهاد کشاورزی روداب شرقی )
کلید واژه: خیار, سفید بالک پنبه, مقاومت,
چکیده مقاله :
سفيدبالك پنبه Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) يكي از مهم¬ترين آفات محصولات کشاورزی است. در اين پژوهش ترجیح میزبانی آزاد و غیر آزاد و طول دوره رشدی و درصد تلفات پیش از بلوغ اين آفت روي برخی ارقام خیار درشرايط گلخانه در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی انجام شد. نتايج نشان داد، که اثر ارقام مختلف خیار روی جلب حشرات کامل و ميزان تخم ريزي آزاد معني داري دار است. بيشترين و کمترين تعداد حشرات کامل در واحد سطح برگ به ترتيب 97/10 و 18/7 روي ارقام Y353 و Brilliant ثبت شد همچنین بيشترين و کمترين تعداد تخم در واحد سطح برگ به ترتيب 29/56 و13/28 روي ارقام Y353 و Brilliant مشاهده شد. نتايج نشان داد که بين ارقام گوجه فرنگي از لحاظ ترجيح تخمريزي غیر آزاد تفاوت معني داري در سطح يک درصد وجود دارد و بیشترین و کمترین تعداد تخم در واحد سطح برگ به ترتیب روي رقم Y353 (77/43) و Brilliant (82/23) مشاهده شد. اثر رقم ميزبان روي طول دوره رشد و درصد تلفات پیش از بلوغ نیز معنی دار شد، بيشترين طول دوره رشد (86/32 روز) و بیشترین درصد تلفات ( 20/60) روی رقم Brilliant و کمترین طول دوره رشد(74/26 روز) و کمترین درصد تلفات( 63/43) روی رقم Y353 ثبت شد. بنابراين رقم Brilliant نسبت به بقيه ارقام براي سفيد بالک پنبه نامطلوب تر است ترجيح کاشت آن در راهبرد مديريت آفات براي کاهش خسارت سفيدبالک پنبه در خور نگرش است.
Bemisia tabaci is one of the most important pests of crops. In this study, the preference of free and non-free hosts, the growth period, and the percentage of pre-maturation mortality of this pest on certain cucumber cultivars under greenhouse conditions were carried out in a completely randomized block design. the results showed that the effect of different cucumber cultivars on total insect attraction and free spawning rate was significant. The highest and lowest total number of insects per unit leaf area was recorded at 10.97 and 7.18 on Y353 and Brilliant, respectively. additionally, the highest and lowest number of eggs per unit leaf area was observed at 56.29 and 28.13 on Y353 and Brilliant, respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference among tomato cultivars in terms of non-free spawning preference at a 1% level. the highest and lowest number of eggs per unit leaf area was observed on Y353 (43.77) and Brilliant (23.82), respectively. The effect of the host cultivar had a significant impact on both the length of the growth period and the percentage of mortality before reaching maturity. the highest growth period (32.86 days) and the highest percentage of mortality (60.20 days) were recorded on the Brilliant cultivar and the lowest growth period (26.74 days) and the lowest percentage of mortality (43.63 days) were recorded on the Y353 cultivar. Therefore, Brilliant is less suitable than other cultivars for controlling B. tabaci, making it an appropriate choice for pest management strategies to minimize damage.
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