بررسی مقاومت تعدادی از لاین‌های دابلدهاپلویید گندم به پاتوتیپ های قارچ عامل بیماری زنگ زرد گندم در مرحله گیاهچه ای

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

عادله بخشی ¹

1 - دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

تاریخ دریافت : 1390/11/15 تاریخ پذیرش : 1393/11/30 تاریخ انتشار : 1393/10/10

کلید واژه: زنگ زرد, گندم, لاين‌هاي دابلدهاپلوئيد, مقاومت ,

چکیده مقاله :

بیماری زنگ زرد یکی از بیماری های مهم گندم در ایران است. در این پژوهش واکنش 64 لاین دابلدهاپلویید گندم، حاصل از روش حذف کروموزومی تلاقی گندم و ذرت نسبت به سه پاتوتیپ عامل بیماری زنگ زرد گندم شامل70E10A+ ، 166E14A+و 70E34A+ از منطقه ساری مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفتند. لاین های دابلد هاپلویید گندم به همراه سه رقم شاهد مقاوم (پارسی، سیوند و مروارید) و رقم حساس بولانی هر کدام در سه تکرار در گلدان های پلاستیکی در اطاق کشت کاشته شدند و در مرحله یک تا دو برگی، گیاهچه ها جداگانه با یوردینیوسپورهای هر پاتوتیپ مایه زنی شدند. بعد از 14 تا 25 روز، تیپ آلودگی هر یک از لاین ها بر اساس مقیاس 9-0 یادداشت برداری شدند. مقاومت به وسیله تیپ آلودگی ((Infection type، دوره نهان (Latent period)، اندازه جوش ها (Pustule size) و تراکم جوش ها (Pustule density) اندازه گیری گردید. تجزیه واریانس برای تمام صفات، تفاوت معنی داری بین ژنوتیپ ها نشان داد. لاین های مقاوم نسبت به پاتوتیپ می توانند به عنوان منابع مقاومت در برنامه های اصلاحی این بیماری استفاده شوند. در کل این نتایج پیشنهاد می کنند که سیستم دابلد هاپلوئیدی می تواند روشی مناسب برای تولید لاین های مقاوم به زنگ زرد گندم در حداقل زمان باشد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Wheat stripe ( yellow ) rust is an important disease in Iran. In order to evaluate the reaction to yellow rust, 64 wheat doubled haploid lines resulted from wheat and maize hybrid chromosome elimination method were tested relative to three wheat yellow rust disease pathogen pathotypes in Sari region. These pathotypes involved 70E34A+, 166E14A+, 70E10A+. Wheat doubled haploid lines were tested in seedling stage in greenhouse condition by three resistant control cultivars ( Parsi, Sivand and Morvarid ) and sensitive Bolani cultivar. All lines and cultivars were planted in three replications in plastic pots in a culture room. In one and two leaves stages, the seedlings were inoculated with urodiniospores of each pathotype separately. After 14 to 25 days, the infected type of each line was recorded based on 0 – 9 scale. Resistance was measured by infected type, latent period, sprout size and sprout density. The analysis of variance showed a significant difference among genotypes. These lines can be used as resistance resources relative to pathotypes in improvement programs. The results indicated that doubled haploid system can be a useful method for production of optimal resistant lines in a short term.

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