تجزیه پايداری عملكرد دانة ژنوتیپهای نخود سفيد دركشت دیم بهاره مناطق سردسیر
محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي
1 - عضو هيات علمي مؤسسة تحقيقات كشاورزي ديم كشور، مراغه – ايران.
کلید واژه: پايداری عملکرد, کشت بهاره, عملکرد دانه, نخود کابلی,
چکیده مقاله :
به منظور بررسی عملکرد دانه و پایداری ژنوتیپ های نخود در کشت بهاره تحت شرایط دیم و معرفی ژنوتیپ های پايدار و پرمحصول، اين آزمايش با 18 لاين و رقم نخود سفيد، در قالب طرح پایه بلوکهای کامل تصادفی در چهار تكرار و به مدت سه سال زراعي(95-1392) در ايستگاه های سردسیری تحقيقات كشاورزي ديم مراغه،كردستان و شيروان، مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. تجزیه واریانس مرکب عملکرد دانه نشان داد، اختلاف بسیار معنی داری بین سالها و مکان های آزمایش وجود داشت. اثرمتقابل سال × مکان، بسیار معنی دار بود. همچنین اثرات متقابل ژنوتیپ × سال و ژنوتیپ × مکان، معنی دار بود. بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد دانه به ترتیب مربوط به مراغه در سال 1395 (904 کیلوگرم درهکتار) و شیروان در سال 1393(122 کیلو گرم درهکتار) بود. از بین ژنوتیپ های نخود، شاهد جم با 7/494 کیلوگرم درهکتار وFLIP 06-88C، با 7/364 کیلوگرم درهکتار، به ترتیب بیشترین و کمترین عملکرد دانه را داشتند. همچنین ژنوتیپ های شماره 14 (FLIP 08-10C)، 17(شاهد قزوین)، 6(FLIP 93-58C)، 3(FLIP 86-6C)، 1 (ILC 484) و4(FLIP 87-45C)، به ترتیب با 1/473، 471، 1/470، 3/466، 6/465 و3/464 کیلوگرم درهکتار، بیش از 98 درصد عملکرد شاهد ثمین(2/475 کیلوگرم درهکتار) را تولید کردند. تجزیه پایداری با استفاده از پارامترهای پایداری دامنه تغییرات در متوسط سال ها، واریانس محیطی رومر، ضریب تغییرات محیطی فرانسیس وکاننبرگ، واریانس درون مکانی لین و بینز و روش ناپارامتری رتبه نشان داد، ژنوتیپ های FLIP 86-6C ، FLIP 87-45C و FLIP 08-55C با توجه به عملکرد بالاتر از میانگین و پایداری آنها در غالب روش ها، به عنوان ژنوتیپ های برتر و پایدار انتخاب شدند و FLIP 86-6C با وزن صد دانه(34 گرم) و ارتفاع بوته (6/27 سانتیمتر) ، برتر از ژنوتیپ های دیگر بود.
In order to study the grain yield and stability of chickpea genotypes in spring planting under rainfed conditions and introduce the stable and high yielding genotypes, this survey was carried out with 18 Kabouli chickpea genotypes in randomized complete block design with four replications during 2013-16 cropping seasons at Maragheh, Kordestan and Shirvan agriculture research stations. The results of combined ANOVA on grain yield showed that there were highly significant differences in years × location interactions. There was also noticeable differences in genotypes × year and genotype × location interactions. The highest average grain yield ( 904 kg. ha ) obtained at Maragheh in 2016 and the lowest ( 122 kg. ha ) was at Shirvan in 2014. The genotypes of Jam control ( 494 kg. ha ) and FLIP 06-88C ( 364.7 kg. ha ), Gazvin check ( 471 kg. ha ) , FLIP 93-58C ( 470.1 kg. ha), FLIP 86-6 C ( 466.3 kg. ha ), ILC 484 ( 465.6 kg. ha ) and FLIP 87-45C ( 464.3 kg. ha), produced more than 98% grain yield using variation range at years mean, Romer's environmental variance, Francis and Kannenburg's environmental coefficient variation, Lin and Binns' variance within places, and Rank non-parametric method indicated that FLIP 86-6C, FLIP 87-45C and FLIP 08-55C with high yielding more than mean and stability in most methods, were selected as superior and stable genotypes. FLIP 86-6C due to the highest 100 seed weight ( 34 gs. ) and plant height (27.6 cm ) was superior to the other genotypes.
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