قابليت شاخص‌هاي VCADI، TSDI و TVDI در برآورد خشکسالي اراضي زراعي روستاي حصار شهرستان ماهنشان
محورهای موضوعی : کاربرد کامپیوتر در مسائل آب و خاک
1 - استاديار گروه جغرافيا، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ايران.
کلید واژه: شاخص خشکسالي, TVDI, TSDI, VCADI, حصار ماهنشان,
چکیده مقاله :
زمينه و هدف: امروزه شاخص‌هاي خشکسالي زيادي بر اساس روابط رگرسيوني شاخص‌هاي پوشش گياهي و دماي سطح زمين ارائه شده است. هدف از اين تحقيق، ارزيابي قابليت هر يک از شاخص‌هاي شاخص خشکسالي دماي پوشش گياهي (TVDI)، شاخص خشکسالي شرايط آلبدوي پوشش گياهي (VCADI) و شاخص خشکسالي اصلاح شده خاک پوشش گياهي (TSDI) در برآورد وضعيت خشکسالي در محدوده حصار ماهنشان در ساحل رودخانه قزل اوزن مي‌باشد.
روش پژوهش: در اين تحقيق تفاوت‌ها و قابليت‌هاي 3 شاخص خشکسالي در ساحل رودخانه قزل اوزن در بخش حصار ماهنشان مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. به اين منظور از تصاوير لندست 5 و 8 در سال هاي 1990 و 2023 استفاده شد. اين شاخص‌ها بر اساس روابط رگرسيوني بين پوشش گياهي، دماي سطح زمين و آلبدو بنا نهاده شده و بين شاخص‌هاي NDVI، LST، albedo و MSAVI رابطه رگرسيوني برقرار شده و شاخص‌هاي TVDI، TSDI و VCADI ايجاد شد. هر يک از اين شاخص‌ها از باندهاي معيني استفاده کرده و براي برآورد دماي سطح زمين از باند 6 ماهواره لندست 5 و باند 10 ماهواره لندست 8 استفاده شد. براي ترسيم نمودار پراکنش نيز از نرم افزار origin 8 استفاده شده و معادله رگرسيوني مربوطه براورد شد. از مقادير a و b براي ترسيم نقشه شاخص‌ها بهره گرفته شد. صحت هر يک از اين شاخص‌ها با استفاده از ضريب کاپا مورد بررسي قرار گرفت.
يافته‌ها: به منظور بررسي شرايط خشکسالي منطقه مورد مطالعه به پنج طبقه با خشکي بسيار کم، کم، متوسط، زياد و بسيار زياد تقسيم مي‌شود و بر اساس يافته‌هاي به دست آمده مشاهده شد که منطقه با خشکسالي زياد در شاخص VCADI از 65/0 کيلومتر مربع در سال 1990 به 53/1 کيلومتر مربع در سال 2023 افزايش يافته و از 10 درصد مساحت منطقه به 6/23 درصد رسيده است. اين ميزان در پهنه خيلي زياد براي شاخص‌هاي TSDI و TVDI به ترتيب از 47/0 و 65/0 کيلومتر مربع به 7/18 و 64/23 درصد افزايش يافته است.
نتايج: نتايج نشان داد که بيشترين رابطه ضريب همبستگي پيرسون به ميزان 55/0- بين شاخص LST و NDVI برقرار بوده و در سال 2023 رخ داده است. بر اساس شاخص‌هاي خشکسالي مشاهده شد که در شاخص VCADI مناطق برخوردار از خشکسالي خيلي زياد از 65/0 کيلومتر مربع به 53/1 کيلومتر مربع افزايش يافته و از 10 درصد به 6/23 درصد رسيده است. در شاخص‌هاي TSDI و TVDI نيز نتايج مشابهي حاصل شده و به ترتيب از 10 و 26/7 درصد در سال 1990 به 64/23 و 7/18 درصد در سال 2023 رسيده است. بر اساس روابط همبستگي پيرسون و ضريب کاپا مشاهده شد که شاخص TVDI نسبت به ساير شاخص‌ها از قابليت بهتري در بررسي خشکسالي برخوردار بوده است.
Background and Aim: Today, many drought indices have been presented based on the regression relationships of vegetation indices and surface temperature. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the capability of each of the vegetation temperature aridity index (TVDI), vegetation albedo aridity index (VCADI) and modified vegetation soil aridity index (TSDI) in estimating the aridity condition in the Hesar of Mahneshan in the shore of the river Qezelozan.
Method: In this research, the differences and capabilities of 3 aridity indicators on the shore of Qezelozan River in Hesar Mahneshan section were investigated. For this purpose, Landsat 5 and 8 images were used in 1990 and 2023. These indices are based on the regression relations between vegetation, surface temperature and albedo, and a regression relation was established between NDVI, LST, albedo and MSAVI indices, and TVDI, TSDI and VCADI indices were created. Each of these indicators used certain bands and band 6 of Landsat 5 satellite and band 10 of Landsat 8 satellite were used to estimate the earth's surface temperature. Origin 8 software was used to draw the scatter diagram and the corresponding regression equation was obtained. The values of slope and intercept were used to draw the index map. The accuracy of each of these indicators was checked using the Kappa coefficient.
Results: In order to check the drought condition, the studied area is divided into five classess with very low, low, medium, high and very high dryness and it was observed that the area with high dryness in the VCADI index increased from 0.65 km2 in 1990 to 53. 1 square kilometer has increased in 2023 and has reached 23.6% from 10% of the area of the region. This amount has increased from 0.47 and 0.65 km2 to 18.7 and 23.64 percent in the very large area for TSDI and TVDI indicators, respectively.
Conclusion: The results showed that the highest Pearson correlation coefficient of -0.55 was established between LST index and NDVI and occurred in 2023. Based on the drought indices, it was observed that in the VCADI index, the areas with very dry areas increased from 0.65 square kilometers to 1.53 square kilometers and reached 23.6% from 10%. In TSDI and TVDI indices, similar results have been obtained and have reached 23.64 and 18.7 percent in 2023 from 10 and 7.26 percent in 1990, respectively. Based on Pearson's correlation and Kappa coefficient, it was observed that the TVDI index has a better ability to assess drought compared to other indices, and the TSDI index with a correlation coefficient of -0.54% is in the second place in 2023.
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