مقایسه تطبیقی مدل‌های SWMM و SMADA جهت برآورد هیدرو گراف سیل (مطالعه موردی: حوضه آبریز زندان - استان هرمزگان)
محورهای موضوعی : سامانه های آبیاری ، زهکشی و آبرسانیمحمدابراهیم عفیفی 1 , فرشید هاشمی پور پتکوئی 2 , وحید سهرابی 3 *
1 - گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم‌انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لارستان، فارس، ایران.
2 - گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم‌انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لارستان، فارس، ایران.
3 - گروه جغرافیا، دانشکده علوم‌انسانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد لارستان، فارس، ایران.
کلید واژه: SWMM, SMADA, هیدرو گراف سیل, حوضه آبریز زندان,
چکیده مقاله :
پيش‌بيني دبي اوج و شبيه‌سازي هيدروگراف سيلاب در يک جريان آبراهه‌اي يا رودخانه‌اي، يکي از فرایندهای پيچيده در هيدرولوژي است. با مدل‌های بارش رواناب SWMM و SMADA و با استفاده از اطلاعات هواشناسي (مانند منحني بارش، ميزان تبخير و...)، مشخصات فيزيكي حوضه آبريز، زهکش‌های حوضه، هيدروگراف خروجي از حوضه آبریز را می توان شبیه سازی کرد.هدف از این تحقیق مقایسه مدل‌های SWMM و SMADA برای شبیه‌سازی هیدروگراف سیل در حوضه آبریز زندان در استان هرمزگان است تا مدل مناسب‌تری برای مدیریت سیلاب‌ها انتخاب شود.. ابتدا هر حوضه آبريز به زیرحوضه‌های آبريز کوچک‌تر تك شاخه‌ای تقسيم شد (ّ11 زیرحوضه). خصوصيات فيزيكي هر زير حوضه، مشخصات زهكش زير حوضه آبريز و مشخصات بارش به‌عنوان اطلاعات ورودي به مدل داده شد. سپس هر زير حوضه آبريز به‌عنوان مخزن غیرخطی شبیه‌سازی و براي آن باتوجه به مشخصات داده شده، يك هيدروگراف واحد محاسبه شد. اين هيدروگراف تا نقطه خروجي حوضه آبريز به‌صورت موج سينماتيكي رونديابي شده و در نهايت دبي خروجي از زير حوضه تعيين شد. باتوجه به نتایج، مدل هیدرولوژی SWMM قادر به شبیه‌سازی هیدروگراف سیلاب تا حد قابل‌قبولی می‌باشد. زیرا که این مدل می‌تواند با الگوریتمهای مختلف مورد کالیبراسیون قرار گیرد . در مدل SMADA نیز هیدروگراف سیلاب تا حدی شبیه‌سازی شد؛ اما به دلایل مختلف اختلاف بین سیلابهای رخ‌داده و شبیه‌سازی‌شده توسط مدل نسبتاً زیاد بود. از دلایل مهم این اختلاف می‌توان به استفاده این مدل از چند رابطه که نسبتاً قدیمی و درصد خطای آنها بالاست اشاره نمود. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که مدل SWMM نسبت به مدل SMADA کارایی بیشتری در این حوضه دارد.
Forecasting peak discharge and simulating flood hydrographs in streams and rivers is a complex process in hydrology. This study utilizes the SWMM and SMADA precipitation-runoff models, incorporating meteorological data (such as precipitation curves and evaporation rates) along with the physical characteristics of the catchment area and drainage basins to simulate the outflow hydrograph of the Zendan catchment area in Hormozgan Province. The aim of this study is to compare the perforcemece of the SWMM and SMADA models in flood hydrograph simulation to determine the more suitable model for flood management. The research applications include flood mitigation strategies, risk reduction, and infrastructure planning. The watershed was divided into 11 single-branch sub-basins, with each sub-basin characterized by its physical properties, drainage characteristics of the sub-basin, and precipitation parameters. Each sub-basin was simulated as a nonlinear reservoir, and individual hydrographs were calculated based on the given characteristics. These hydrographs were then routed to the watershed outlet using the kinematic wave method to determine the final discharge. The SWMM model demonstrated a higher accuracy in flood hydrograph simulation, mainly due to its capability for calibration with various algorithms. While the SMADA model also produced flood hydrographs, it exhibited a larger discrepancy between simulated and observed floods. This is largely attributed to its reliance on older equations with higher error rates. The results indicate that, for this specific catchment, the SWMM model is more efficient than the SMADA model.
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