Study the function of “cool roof covering” for schools in mostly hot or moderate climates
Subject Areas : Smart buildings and renewable energiesshokouh sadat asadollahi 1 , منصوره طاهباز 2
1 -
2 - دانشیار دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
Keywords: educational building , cool roof , climate designing , sustainable schools,
Abstract :
Educational buildings in Iran , normally have short walls with large scale space and roof. Large scale roof as an external exposure part to sunlight or regions climate ,it can have a major role in receiving or wasting energy. Sunlight radiating on the roof is a key for absorbing heat in hot regions based on warmth intensity and time length lead to the warmer top floor and more expenses for cooling up the building. In this article ,the “cool roof” as a solution for controlling the roof heat absorbing and school’s roof refinements in hot regions also are included. This case study includes : representing the various cool roofs , its advantages and disadvantages in different regions and studying the of cool roof covering in schools all around the world. In addition , by evaluation the advantages and disadvantages of the cool roof covering in school buildings based on the construction condition , rebuilding condition and maintenance and relating expenses. The optimal and affordable cool roof suitable for Iran’s schools are recommended.
1) A.V. Androutsopoulosa,*, G.M. Stavrakakisb, M. Damasiotisb, (2015), “Cool Roof Impacts on a School-Building Thermal and Energy Performance in Athens, Greece”, Procedia Environmental Sciences 38 ( 2017 ). pp 178 – 186)
2) Average Annual Temperature for Each US State". Current Results Nexus. Retrieved August 19, 2011.
1) Ahmadi Abbas, 1384, the effects of roof shape and structure on building cooling and energy consumption. Master's thesis, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
2) Akbari. h, S. Konopacki, M. Pomerantz, (1998), “Cooling energy savings potential of reflective roofs for residential and commercial buildings in the United States”, Energy 24 (1999), pp 391–407
3) Climatography of the United States No. 20 (1971–2000)" (PDF). National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 2, 2013. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
4) Ronnen Levinson ,(2009), Cool Roof Q & A Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory RML27@cornell.eduJuly 29
5) File:US 50 states Köppen.svg - Wikimedia Commons
6) Geggis, Anne. "Brrrrr! South Florida may see frost by week's end". Sun-sentinel.com.
7) H. Taha, D. Sailor and H. Akbari, (1992)“High-albedo materials for reducing building cooling energy use”, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Report, pp3-7
8) H. Akbari,(2005) “Energy Saving Potentials and Air Quality Benefits of Urban Heat Island Mitigation”, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, pp.3-5.
9) Hazardous Weather: A Florida Guide—Temperatures". FloridaDisaster.org. Retrieved October 9, 2016.
10) Khalili Ali, 1383, Compilation of a new climatic zoning system from the point of view of environmental heating-cooling needs and its application to Iran, Geographical Research, 19th year, winter, number 4
11) Kasmai Morteza, 1368, Climatic Zoning of Iran (Educational Buildings), Ministry of Education, Organization of Renovation and Development and Equipping Schools of the Country
12) M.A. Ameneh Sadat FattahiMa’soom,(2015) Cool Roofs, a Solution to Reduce the Effects ofHeat Islands, The 3rd National Conference on Climate, Building and Energy Efficiency, pp. 7
13) Mississippi Weather-Mississippi Weather Forecast-Mississippi Climate". Ustravelweather.com. Archived from the original on November 21, 2015. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
14) Mehran Saeed. Ramezani Babak, 1390, teaching the analysis of radiation intensity due to the intensity of solar energy radiation and providing optimal methods, Fan and Art Quarterly
15) National Building Regulations, Energy Saving, 2019, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development, Office of National Building Regulations, Iran Development Publishing House, Tehran, Iran
16) National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. "Los Angeles/Oxnard". National Weather Service Forecast Office. Retrieved September 9, 2020.
17) "NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 6, 2012.
18) Osborn, Liz. "Sunniest Places and Countries in the World". Current Results. Archivedfrom the original on February 14, 2014. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
19) Peel, M. C.; Finlayson B. L. & McMahon, T. A. (2007). "Updated world map of the Köppen−Geiger climate classification". Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. 11 (5): 1633–1644.
20) P. Berdahl, and S. Bretz.( 1997)“Preliminary survey of the solar reflectance of cool roofing materials”. Energy and Buildings report 25,pp149-158.
21) Ronnen Levinson*, Hashem Akbari, Steve Konopacki, Sarah Bretz, (2005), “requirement Inclusion of cool roofs in nonresidential Title 24 prescriptive”, Energy Policy 33. pp 151–170.
22) Synnefa∗, M. Saliari, M. Santamouris,(2012), “Experimental and numerical assessment of the impact of increased roof reflectance on a school building in Athen”, Energy and Buildings 55, p.p