اثر نیتروژن، تراکم کاشت و تعداد نشاء در زراعت اصلی بر صفات مرفولوژيک، اجزاي عملکرد و عملکرد کمي و کيفي محصول راتون برنج (Oryza sativa L.) رقم سنگ طارم

محورهای موضوعی : توليد محصولات زراعي

محمدرضا خدادادی بالانقیبی ¹ , بهرام حيدرنيا سماکوش ²

1 - دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ورامین-پیشوا، دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، ورامین، ایران
2 - واحد ورامین-پیشوا، دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت، ورامین، ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1388/12/12 تاریخ پذیرش : 1390/05/08 تاریخ انتشار : 1389/07/17

کلید واژه: اجزاي عملکرد, تراکم کاشت, تعداد نشاء, راتون, عملکرد کمي و کيفي, مرفولوژيک, نیتروژن.,

چکیده مقاله :

به منظور بررسي اثرات مقادير مختلف نيتروژن، تراكم كاشت و تعداد نشاء در زراعت اصلی بر صفات مرفولوژیک، اجزاي عملکرد و عملکرد کمی و کیفی محصول راتون برنج رقم سنگ طارم، آزمایشی در مزرعه ای واقع در شهرستان بابل در سال زراعي 1387 انجام گردید. اين آزمايش به صورت اسپليت فاكتوريل در قالب طرح بلوك‌هاي كامل تصادفي در 3 تكرار اجرا شد، چهار سطح كود نيتروژن (92، 69، 46، 0 كيلوگرم در هکتار از منبع کود اوره) به عنوان عامل اصلي و عامل فرعي شامل فاکتور اول دو تراكم كاشت (120 و 40 بوته در مترمربع به ترتيب با آرايش كاشت‌هاي 3/8 ×10 و 15× 6/16 سانتيمتر مربع) و فاکتور دوم دو روش كاشت بوته‌اي (تك نشاء) و كپه‌اي (3 نشاء يا جوانه) بود. بیشترین عملکرد دانه محصول راتون به ترتیب با مصرف 46 و 92 کیلوگرم نيتروژن در هکتار بدست آمد، همچنین حداکثر عملکرد دانه محصول راتون تحت تراکم 120 بوته در متر مربع و با تعداد 3 نشاء حاصل شد که علت آن به خاطر افزایش برخی اجزای عملکرد نظیر تعداد خوشه در متر مربع، تعداد کل خوشه چه در خوشه، تعداد خوشه چه پر شده و وزن هزار دانه بود. همينطور صفت کيفي آميلوز نيز تحت مصرف 92 کیلوگرم نيتروژن در هکتار با تراکم 120 بوته در متر مربع و در شرايط کاشت کپه اي (3 نشاء) به بيشترين مقدار خود رسيد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

To investigate the effects of different amounts of nitrogen, planting density and number of seedling in the main farming on morphologic qualities, functional components and quantitative and qualitative functions of ratoon rice production cultivars Sangtarom, an experiment was conducted on a field in Babol, in 2008. Split factorial experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design in three replications. In this experiment four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 46, 69, 92 kg ha-1 from the urea fertilizer source) were used as main factor and sub factor, including the first two planting densities (120 and 40 plants per square meter respectively, sowing pattern 10 × 8.3 and 16.6 × 15 cm square). For the second factor two planting methods frutescence (single seedling) and univalve (3 seedlings or bud), were used respectively. The result of experiment indicated that maximum ratoon production consumption, respectively 46 and 92 kg N ha-1, also the maximum ratoon production obtained under density 120 plants in square meter and with the three seedlings could create an increase in some functional components, such as the number of panicles in square meter, in the total number of spikelet in panicle, in the number of filled spikelet and in the weight of thousands seeds. Also the quality of amiluze under the consumption of 92 kg N ha-1 by density 120 plants in square meter and also under the condition of univalve planting (3 seedlings) reached to its maximum value.

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