سنجش آسیبپذیری شهرها براساس اصول پدافند غیرعامل با استفاده از روش سلسله مراتبی فازی(نمونه موردی: شهر چالوس)
محورهای موضوعی :
برنامه ریزی شهری
سید محمود حسینی لرگانی
1
,
لیلا ابراهیمی جمنانی
2
1 - گروه جغرافیا، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران
2 - گروه جغرافیا، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران.
تاریخ دریافت : 1401/10/29
تاریخ پذیرش : 1402/03/10
تاریخ انتشار : 1402/03/31
کلید واژه:
چالوس,
آسیبپذیری,
پدافندغیرعامل,
سلسله مراتب فازی,
چکیده مقاله :
ارزیابی آسیبپذیری شهرها در بحرانها و مخاطرات و تدوین راهکارهای مناسب برای کاهش خسارتها ضروری است. از این رو این پژوهش در پی آن است که آسیبپذیری شهر چالوس را از دیدگاه پدافند غیرعامل ارزیابی کند. این پژوهش از لحاظ هدف، کاربردی؛ حیطه میدانـی؛ مـاهـیـت، توصیفی و نوع روش آن، بهصورت پیمایشی از نـوع دلـفـی اسـت.. ابتدا به کمک مطالعات کتـابـخـانـهای و میدانی و تصاویر ماهوارهای به جمعآوری اطلاعات در زمینه موضوع تحقیق پرداخته شد،پس از بررسی کاربریها در سطح شهر چالوس و دستهبندی آنها در قالب 5 دسته شامل شریانهای حیاتی، مراکز مدیریت بحران، تأسیسات و تجهیزات شهری، نظامی، و مراکز پشتیبانی و با توجه به مبانی نظری و متون تحقیق و پرسش از خبرگان این حوزه، کاربریها به صورت موردی استخراج و با هدف تهیه بانک دادههای مکانی دستهبندی شدند. هر یک از لایهها با توجه به استاندارد مکانی همجواری و به نسبت فاصلهشان با کاربریهای حیاتی و حساس از نظر پدافند غیرعامل اثر متفاوتی را بر افزایش یا کاهش آسیبپذیری میگذارند. برای هر لایه به نسبت کاربریهای حیاتی و حساس از نظر پدافند غیرعامل، حریم امنی تعریف و به اصطلاح، نقشههای فواصل مکانی آن ترسیم شده است. در نهایت نقشهپهنهبندی آسیبپذیری منطقه با توجه به اصول پدافند غیرعامل تهیه گردید. براساس شکل به دست آمده، شهر چالوس به سه پهنه که از لحاظ آسیبپذیری با رویکرد پدافند غیرعامل مشابهند، تقسیم شده است. نتایج تحقیق نشان میدهد، محلات مرکزی شهری آسیبپذیرترین مناطق شهرند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Evaluating the vulnerability of cities to wars and crises and devising appropriate solutions to reduce losses is essential. Therefore, this study seeks to assess and map the vulnerability of Chalus from a passive defense perspective. This study was a descriptive survey of purpose, field, field, nature, method and type of survey. It was initially collected through bibliographic and field studies and satellite imagery. After examining land uses in Chalus City, they were classified into 5 categories including critical arteries, crisis management centers, urban facilities, military facilities, and support centers. , Land uses were extracted on a case-by-case basis for the purpose of providing a spatial database. Each layer has a different effect on increasing or decreasing vulnerability due to the proximity of the adjacent spatial standard and their relative distance to critical and passive defense applications. For each layer relative to critical and sensitive applications in terms of passive defense, security is defined and so-called spatial distance maps are drawn. Finally, the vulnerability mapping of the area was prepared according to the passive defense principles.According to the obtained figure, Chalus city is divided into three zones that are similar in vulnerability to passive defense approach. The results of the study show that the central urban areas are the most vulnerable areas of the city.
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