مقایسه الگوهای ارتباطی، سبک‌های ابراز هیجان و میزان صمیمیت در بین زنان خیانت دیده و عادی

محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعه

پریسا بهدوست ¹ , مه سیما پورشهریاری ² , سیمین حسینیان ³

1 - کارشناس ارشد راهنمایی و مشاوره، گروه مشاوره، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه الزهرا، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه مشاوره ، دانشکده روانشناسی وعلوم تربیتی ، دانشگاه الزهراء. تهران. ایران
3 - استاد گروه مشاوره ، دانشکده روانشناسی وعلوم تربیتی ، دانشگاه الزهراء. تهران. ایران.

تاریخ دریافت : 1398/10/16 تاریخ پذیرش : 1399/03/08 تاریخ انتشار : 1400/02/01

کلید واژه: زنان, خیانت زناشویی, الگوهای ارتباطی, صمیمیت, سبک‌های ابراز هیجان,

چکیده مقاله :

مقدمه و هدف: این پژوهش با هدف مقایسه الگوهای ارتباطی، سبک‌های ابراز هیجان و میزان صمیمیت در بین زنان خیانت دیده و عادی انجام شد
مواد و روش­ها: روش پژوهش توصیفی و از نوع علی-مقایسه‌ای بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه زنان خیانت دیده و عادی شهر تهران در سال 1396 بودند. از بین زنان خیانت دیده 65 نفر و از زنان عادی نیز 65 نفر به‌صورت نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. از پرسشنامه الگوهای ارتباطی (CPQ)، پرسشنامه ابرازگری هیجان (EEQ)، پرسشنامه دوسوگرایی در ابراز هیجان (AEEQ) و مقیاس صمیمیت زناشویی (MIS) برای جمع‌آوری اطلاعات استفاده شد. داده‌ها توسط آزمون مانوا و نرم‌افزار SPSS-22 تحلیل شدند
یافته­ها: یافته‌ها نشان داد که بین زنان خیانت دیده و عادی در الگوهای ارتباطی، برخی از سبک‌های ابراز هیجان و صمیمیت تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد.
بحث و نتیجه­گیری: بر این اساس می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که زنان خیانت دیده در ازدواج خود عمدتاً از الگوهای ارتباطی ناکارآمدی استفاده می‌کنند، ابراز هیجان مثبت در بین آنان به‌درستی صورت نمی‌گیرد وصمیمیت در ازدواجشان ضعیف است. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند در آموزش‌های روانی و مشاوره‌های زناشویی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

چکیده انگلیسی:

Introduction: This study was done to compare communication patterns, emotion expression styles and intimacy among betrayed and normal women (non-betrayed).
Materials and Methods: The research method was descriptive and causal-comparative. The statistical population consisted of all betrayed and normal women of Tehran in 2018. Among the betrayed women, 65 subjects and among the normal women, also 65 subjects were selected by purposive sampling..Communication Patterns Questionnaire (CPQ), Emotional Expression Questionnaire (EEQ), Ambiguity over Emotional Expression Questionnaire (AEEQ) and Marital Intimacy Scale (MIS) were used for gathering data. The data were analyzed by MANOVA and SPSS-22 software.
Findings: The findings showed that there was a significant difference between betrayed and normal women in communication patterns, some of emotion expression styles and intimacy. Accordingly, it can be concluded that betrayed women mainly use dysfunctional communication patterns in their marriage, positive emotions expression are not addressed properly and that the intimacy in their marriage is weak.
Conclusion: The results of this study can be used in psycho-education and marital counseling.
 

منابع و مأخذ:

1. Allen, E. S., & Atkins, D. C. (2012). The association of divorce and extramarital sex in a representative US sample. Journal of Family Issues, 33(11), 1477-1493.

 http://journal.gums.ac.ir/article-1-375-      en.html

2. Bahrami, M., Nazari, A., & ZAhra kar, K. (2014). Prediction of couple’s communication patterns by spiritual health and psychological well-being. Thoughts and Behavior in Clinical Psychology, 9(33), 7-16. (Persian)

https://jtbcp.riau.ac.ir/article_95.html?lang=en

3. Blow, A. J., & Hartnett, K. (2005). Infidelity in committed relati0nships ii: A substantive review. Journal of marital and family therapy, 31(2), 217-233.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2005.tb01156.x

4. Bruno, S., Lutwak, N., & Agin, M. A. (2009). Conceptualizations of guilt and the corresponding relationships to emotional ambivalence, self-disclosure, loneliness and alienation. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(5), 487-491.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.04.023

5.       Cano, A., & O'Leary, K. D. (2000). Infidelity and separations precipitate major depressive episodes and symptoms of nonspecific depression and anxiety. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 68(5), 774.

https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-006X.68.5.774

6.       Chi, P., Epstein, N. B., Fang, X., Lam, D. O., & Li, X. (2013). Similarity of relationship standards, couple communication patterns, and marital satisfaction among Chinese couples. Journal of Family Psychology, 27(5), 806-816.

https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/a0034113

7.       Christensen, A., & Sullaway, M. (1984). Communication patterns questionnaire. Unpublished manuscript, University of California, Los Angeles.

https://doi.org/10.2307/353737

8. Conroy, A. A. (2014). Marital infidelity and intimate partner violence in rural Malawi: A dyadic investigation. Archives of sexual behavior, 43(7), 1303-1314.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-014-0306-2

9. Fincham, F. D., & May, R. W. (2017). Infidelity in romantic relationships. Current Opinion in Psychology, 13, 70-74.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2016.03.008

10.   Floyd, K., Hesse, C., & Generous, M. A. (2017). Affection exchange theory: A bio-evolutionary look at affectionate communication. In Engaging Theories in Family Communication (pp. 17-26). Routledge.

https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2020.1805480

11.   Forgas, J. P. (Ed.). (2001). Feeling and thinking: The role of affect in social cognition. Cambridge University Press.

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2004-00053-020

12.   Gilbert, R. L., Murphy, N. A., & Ávalos, M. C. (2011). Communication patterns and satisfaction levels in three-dimensional versus real-life intimate relationships. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 14(10), 585-589.

https://doi.org/10.1089/cyber.2010.0468

13. Gross, J. J., John, O. P., & Richards, J. M. (2000). The dissociation of emotion expression from emotion experience: A personality perspective. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26(6), 712-726.

https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0146167200268006

14. Gottman, J.M. (1993). A theory of marital dissolution and stability. Journal of family psychology. 7, 57-75.

https://psycnet.apa.org/buy/1994-01471-001

15. Hall, J. H., & Fincham, F. D. (2009). Psychological distress: Precursor or consequence of dating infidelity?. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 35(2), 143-159.

https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0146167208327189

16. Hosseini, S. M., Nazari, A. M., Rasouli, M., Shakermi, M., & Hosseini, S. M. (2014). The relationship of main family health and marital intimacy: Evaluating the mediating role of constructive and no constructive conflict resolution styles. Thought & Behavior in Clinical Psychology, 8(32): 67-89.(Persian)


17. King, L. A. (1993). Emotional expression,ambivalence over expression, and marital Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 10(4), 601-607

https://doi.org/10.1177%2F026540759310400

18. King, L. A. (1998). Ambivalence over emotional expression and reading emotions i n situations and faces. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(3), 753

https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.753

19. King, L. A., & Emmons, R. A. (1990). Conflict over emotional expression: Psychological and physical correlates. Journal of personality and social psychology, 58(5), 864-77.

https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.58.5.864

20.   Kring, A. M., & Gordon, A. H. (1998). Sex differences in emotion: expression, experience, and physiology. Journal of personality and social psychology, 74(3), 686-703.

https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0022-3514.74.3.686

21.   Lavee, Y., & Ben-Ari, A. (2004). Emotional Expressiveness and Neuroticism: Do They Predict Marital Quality? Journal of Family Psychology, 18(4), 620–627.

22.   Li, X., Cao, H., Zhou, N., Ju, X., Lan, J., Zhu, Q., & Fang, X. (2018). Daily communication, conflict resolution, and marital quality in Chinese marriage: A three-wave, cross-lagged analysis. Journal of Family Psychology, 32(6), 733

https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0893-3200.18.4.620

23.   McDaniel, B. T., Drouin, M., & Cravens, J. D. (2017). Do you have anything to hide? Infidelity-related behaviors on social media sites and marital satisfaction. Computers in human behavior, 66, 88-95.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.09.031

24. Millner, V. S. (2008). Internet infidelity: A case of intimacy with detachment. The Family Journal, 16(1), 78-82 .

https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1066480707308918

25. Rafieiniya, P., Rasoulzadeh Tabatabayi, K., & Azad Falah, P. (2006).The relationship between emotion expression styles and general health in students. Journal of Psychology, 10(1): 84-105. (Persian)


26. Rodrigue, C., Blais, M., Lavoie, F., Adam, B. D., Goyer, M. F., & Magontier, C. (2018). Passion, Intimacy, and Commitment in Casual Sexual Relationships in a Canadian Sample of Emerging Adults. The Journal of Sex Research, 55(9), 1192-1205.

https://doi.org/10.1080/00224499.2017.1399195Rokach, A., & 27.Philibert- Lignières, G. (2015). Intimacy, loneliness & infidelity  . The Open Psychology Jour nal, 8(1): 71-77.

doi.org/10.2174/18743501015001001

27. Salimi, H., Javdan, M., Zarei, E., & Najarpourian, S. (2019). The Health of marital relationship in the light of factors affecting the stability and satisfaction of the relationship: A systematic review. Journal of Education and Community Health, 6(3): 183-192. (Persian)

 http://jech.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-681-   en.html

28. Salimi, H., Mohsenzadeh, F., & Nazari, A. (2015). Prediction of Soudani, M., Karimi, J., Mehrabizadeh, M., & Neisi, A. K. (2013). Effectiveness of emotion oriented couple therapy on reducing the damage caused by marital infidelity. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences, 10(4): 258-68. (Persian).

https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=339087

29. Salimi, H., Mohsenzadeh, F., & Nazari, A. (2015). Prediction of Marital Satisfaction Based on Factors of Family Process and Content among Primary School Teachers in the City of Karaj. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology, 16(2), 84-92. (Persian)


30. Soudani, M., Karimi, J., Mehrabizadeh, M., & Neisi, A. K. (2013). Effectiveness of emotion oriented couple therapy on reducing the damage caused by marital infidelity. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences, 10(4): 258-68. (Persian)
    https://www.sid.ir/en/Journal/ViewPaper.aspx?ID=339087


31. Sweeney, M. M., & Horwitz, A. V. (2001). Infidelity, initiation, and the emotional climate of divorce: Are there implications for mental health?. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 295-309.             https://doi.org/10.2307/3090216.


32. Tresa, M. M., & Adhikari, K. (2012). Association between emotional intelligence and marital quality of married couples. International Journal of Physical and Social Sciences, 2(12), 222-235.
    https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kishor-Adhikari https://doi.org/10.2307/3090216.


33. Vijayakumar, L. (2010). Indian research on suicide. Indian journal of psychiatry, 52(Suppl1), S291. https://dx.doi.org/10.4103%2F0019-5545.69255


34. Walker, A. J., & Thompson, L. (1983). Intimacy and intergenerational aid and contact among mothers and daughters. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 841-849.


35. Weeks, G. R., Fife, S. T., & Peterson, C. M. (Eds.). (2016). Techniques for the couple therapist: Essential interventions from the experts. Routledge.

https://books.google.com/books?

36. Williams, K., Galick, A., Knudson‐Martin, C., & Huenergardt, D. (2013). Toward mutual support: A task analysis of the relational justice approach to infidelity. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 39(3), 285-298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-0606.2012.00324.x