بررسی تطبیقی جایگاه حقوق شهروندی زنان در قانون اساسی و منشور حقوق شهروندی جمهوری اسلامی ایران
محورهای موضوعی : فصلنامه زن و جامعهزهرا جهانگیر 1 , محمدکاظم کاوه پیشقدم 2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری، گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهرضا، شهرضا،ایران
2 - دکتری، گروه علوم سیاسی، استادیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شیراز، شیراز، ایران.
کلید واژه: زن, حقوق&rlm, شهروندی زنان, قانون&rlm, اساسی, منشور حقوق&rlm, شهروندی,
چکیده مقاله :
حقوقشهروندیزنان بهعنوان یکی از اساسیترین مفاهیم حقوقی، مجموعهای از حقوق مدنی، سیاسی و اجتماعی است که زنان بهواسطهی عضویت در جامعه و برقراری رابطه با دولت از آن بهرهمند میشوند. در جمهوری اسلامی ایران این حقوق توسط قانوناساسی، منشور حقوقشهروندی و سایر قوانین و مقررات مورد حمایت قرار گرفته است. هدف این پژوهش بر مبنای نظریهی حقوقشهروندی تی. اچ مارشال، بررسی تطبیقی جایگاه مفهوم حقوقشهروندی زنان و نیز پی بردن به حقوق مدنی، سیاسی و اجتماعی آنان در دو سند قانوناساسی و منشور حقوقشهروندی و همچنین عوامل محدودکنندهی این مفهوم در هر دو سند حقوقی است. این پژوهش درصدد است تا با روش پژوهش توصیفی و تحلیل محتوای دو سند به صورت اسنادی و کتابخانهای اصول مربوط به حقوق زنان را استخراج نموده و پس از توصیف و تفسیر وضعیت کنونی این اصول به بیان نتایج عینی و کیفی از موقعیت بپردازد. نتایج حاصل از این پژوهش نشان میدهد که مفهوم حقوقشهروندیزنان دارای جایگاه برتر در قانوناساسی نسبت به سند منشور حقوقشهروندی است. عامل محدودکنندهی مفهوم حقوقشهروندیزنان لزوم رعایت شرط مشخص شده از جمله عدم اخلال در مبانی اسلام، عدم مخالفت با اسلام در اصول و مواد هر دو سند است.
Women's citizenship rights as one of the most fundamental legal concepts, are a collection of civil, political, and social rights that women benefit through membership in the community and establishing relationships with the state. In the Islamic Republic of Iran, these rights are protected by the Constitution, the charter on citizens’ rights and other laws and regulations. This research aims are based on the theory of citizenship rights t. H. Marshall, a comparative study of the status of the concept of women's citizenship rights and the recognition of their civil, political and social rights in both the constitution and civil rights charter, as well as the limiting factors of this concept in both legal documents. This research aims to extract the principles of women's citizenship rights through descriptive research and analysis of the contents of the two documents in a documentation and library form, it expresses the objective and qualitative results of the situation. The results of this study show that the concept of women's citizenship rights has a higher status in the constitution than the charter on citizens’ rights. the factor limiting the Concept of Women's Citizenship Rights the need for observance of the specified conditions, including the non-disturbance of the principles of Islam, non-opposition to Islam, etc. that are principles in both documents.
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