تطابق فرهنگی و بررسی ویژگی‌های روا نسجی نسخه فارسی مقیاس اشتیاق زناشویی در افراد متأهل ایرانی

محورهای موضوعی : زن و خانواده

مریم فلاحی ¹ , کوروش محمدی ² , سیدرضا فلاح چای ³

1 - مربی گروه روان شناسی.دانشگاه هرمزگان هرمزگان ایران
2 - استادیار گروه روان شناسی داشگاه هرمزگان، هرمزگان ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه روانشناسی داشگاه هرمزگان، هرمزگان ایران

تاریخ دریافت : 1396/09/01 تاریخ پذیرش : 1397/01/02 تاریخ انتشار : 1397/03/01

کلید واژه: اعتبار, پایایی, تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی, تحلیل عاملی تأییدی, پرسشنامه اشتیاق زناشویی,

چکیده مقاله :

هدف این تحقیق بررسی ساختار عاملی و ویژگی‌های روانسجی مقیاس اشتیاق زناشویی در بین افراد متأهل ساکن در شهر شیراز بود. بدین منظور 420 فرد متأهل (210 زن و 210 مرد) ساکن شهر شیراز به شیوه نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. از شرکت‌کنندگان خواسته شد تا مقیاس اشتیاق زناشویی (سینگر و لابانکو، 2005)، پرسشنامه رشد روانشناسی دوسویگی (جنرو و همکاران،1992) و دل‌زدگی زناشویی (پاینز، 1996) را تکمیل کنند. از روایی محتوایی، تحلیل عاملی اکتشافی و تأییدی و روایی همگرا و واگرا برای بررسی روایی پرسشنامه استفاده شد. نتایج تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد که ضریب همسانی درونی به روش آلفای کرونباخ برای کل پرسشنامه مقدار 901/0 بود. روایی همگرایی (همبستگی با آزمون رشد روانشناسی دوسویگی) 59/0 و روایی واگرای (همبستگی با پرسشنامه دل‌زدگی زناشویی) 54/.- به دست آمد (001/0 p<). روایی محتوایی مورد تأیید شش روان‌شناس قرار گرفت که تأیید شد. نتایج تحلیل عاملی تأییدی از ساختار تک عاملی اشتیاق زناشویی در نمونه ایرانی حمایت کرد. (CFI=0.91, IFI= 0.901, RMSEA= 0.042) به نظر می‌رسد این پرسشنامه از قابلیت‌های لازم برای سنجش سازه دوسویگی در بین زوجین ایرانی برخوردار است و می‌توان از آن برای مقاصد بالینی و پژوهشی درزمینة مسائل و روابط زوجین استفاده کرد.

منابع و مأخذ:

Reference

Agnew, C. R., Van Lange, P. A. M., Rusbult, C. E., & Langston, C. A. (1998). Cognitive interdependence: Commitment and the mental representation of close relationships.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(4), 939–954.

Alexander, C. (2007). You are what you do. Journal of Relational Child and Youth Care Practice, (20)3, 17-21.

Aron, A., & Aron, E. N. (1986). Love as the expansion of the self: Understanding attraction and satisfaction. New York: Hemisphere

 Baddeley, J. L., Berry, M., & Singer, J. A. (2013). Mutuality and Marital Adjustment, Well-Being, and Health in Military Couples. The military psuchologist, 28(3), 19-25.

Bodenmann, G., Plancherel, B., Beach, S. R. H., Widmer, K., Gabriel, B., Meuwly, N., Charvoz, L., Hautzinger, M., & Schramm, E. (2008). Effects of coping-oriented couple therapy on depression: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(6), 944-954.

Coan, J. A., Kasle, S., Jackson, A., Schaefer, H. S., & Davidson, R. J. (2013). Mutuality and the social regulation of neural threat responding. Attachment & human development, 15(3), 303-315.

Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (1992). A First Course in Factor Analysis (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Engler, B. (2014). Personality Theories: An Introduction, Ninth Edition, International Edition. 171-177.

Feeney, B. C. (2007). The dependency paradox in close relationships: Accepting dependence promotes independence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 268–285.

Fergus, K. (2015). Theoretical and Methodological Underpinnings of Resilience in Couples: Locating the ‘We’ Couple Resilience (pp. 23-42): Springer.

Fergus, K., & Skerrett, K. (2015). Resilient couple coping revisited: Building relationship muscle. In Couple Resilience (pp. 199-210). Springer Netherlands.

Freedberg, S. (2009). Relational theory for social work practice: A feminist perspective: Routledge.

Gildersleeve, S. (2015). Capturing the "We-ness" of Happy Couples through Narrative Analysis. Psychology Honors Papers. Paper 52. htp://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/psychhp/52

Godwin, K. M., Swank, P. R., Vaeth, P., & Ostwald, S. K. (2013). The longitudinal and dyadic effects of mutuality on perceived stress for stroke survivors and their spousal caregivers. Aging and Mental Health, 17(4), 423-431.

 Gottman, J. M. (2011). The science of trust: Emotional attunement for couples. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Co

Gottman, J. M., & Silver, N. (1999). The seven principles for making marriage work. New York: Three Rivers Press.

Josselson, R. (1992). The space between us: Exploring the dimensions of human relationships. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Kayser, K., Watson, L. E., & Andrade, J. T. (2007). Cancer as a" we-disease": Examining the process of coping from a relational perspective. Families, Systems, & Health, 25(4), 404.

Khalouiee, S., Fallahchai, R., Moazen Jami, A. (In Press). Psychometric properties and the factor structure of Mutual Psychological Development Questionnaire (MPDQ) among Iranian married people. (In Persian).

Kianfard, M., et al (2014). Prediction of positive and negative affect from sexual satisfaction and couple burnout factors in the staff. J. Life Sci. Biomed. 4(6), 536- 540. (In Persian).

 Kinnear, P. R., & Gray, C. D. (2004). IBM SPSS statistics 19 made simple: Psychology Press.

Kline, R. (2010). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, 3rd edn Guilford Press. New York. USA.. ISBN, 1965705777.

Kruger, D. J. (2015). Non‐Mammalian Infants Requiring Parental Care Elicit Greater Human Caregiving Reactions Than Superprecocial Infants Do. Ethology, 121(8), 769-774.

Kyle, R. (1999). Basic concepts of confirmatory factor analysis. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southwest Education Research Association, San Antonio, TX.

Ledermann, T., Bodenmann, G., Gagliardi, S., Charvoz, L., Verardi, S., Rossier, J., Iafrate, R. (2010). Psychometrics of the Dyadic Coping Inventory in three language groups. Swiss Journal of Psychology/Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Psychologie/Revue Suisse de Psychologie, 69(4), 201.

Maidment, J. (2006). The quiet remedy: A dialogue on reshaping professional relationships. Families in Society: the journal of contemporary social services, 87(1), 115-121.

Meyers, L.S., Gamest, G., & Goarin, A.J. (2006). Applied multivariate research, design and interpretation, thousand oaks. CA: Sage Publications.

Naderi, F., & Azadmanesh, P. (2012). The comparison of marital burnout, family function and intimacy in woman and man staff. Journal social psychology (new findings in psychology), 7(22). (In Persian).

Naeem, S. (2008). Marital Burnout relationship, intimate relationship with spouse and marital conflicts with violence against women in the city of Ilam. Master's Thesis, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. (In Persian).

Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. (1994). Validity. Psychometric theory, 3.

Ogden, T. H. (2004). The analytic third: Implications for psychoanalytic theory and technique. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 73(1), 167-195.

Oladi, Z. (2011).The effectiveness of group therapy based on reality therapy in reducing of burnout and increasing of marital satisfaction in married women. Master's Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (In Persian).

Pines A. M. (1996). Couple burnout: Causes and cures. London:  Routledge, ISBNO-415-916. 32-1.

Pines, A. M., Neal, B., Hammer, L. B., & Icekson, T. (2011). Job burnout and couple burnout in dual-earner couple in the sandwiched generation. Journal of Social Psychology Quarterly, 74,361_386.

Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 30(4), 459-467.

Reid, D. W., Dalton, E. J., Laderoute, K., Doell, F. K., & Nguyen, T. (2006). Therapeutically induced changes in couple identity: The role of we-ness and interpersonal processing in relationship satisfaction. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 132, 241–284.

 Rohrbaugh, M. J., Mehl, M. R., Shoham, V., Reilly, E. S., & Ewy, G. A. (2008). Prognosticsignificance of spouse we talk in couples coping with heart failure. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(5), 781–789.

Rohrbaugh, M. J., Shoham, V., Skoyen, J. A., Jensen, M., & Mehl, M. R. (2012). We-talk,communal coping, and cessation success in a couple-focused intervention for health compromised smokers. Family Process, 51(1), 107-121.

Sarnoff, I., & Sarnoff, S. (1989). Love-centered marriage in a self-centered world. New York: Hemisphere Pub. Corp.

Sharifi, M, Karasouli S, Beshlideh, K. (2011). Attribution retraining effectiveness in reducing fatigue and the likelihood of divorce and marital couples divorce. Journal of counseling and family therapy, 1(2), 212-225 (In Persian).

 Siegel, D. J. (2012). The developing mind: How relationships and the brain interact to shape who we are (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Singer, J. A., & Skerrett, K. (2014). Positive couple therapy: Using ‘we’ stories to enhance resilience. New York: Routledge.

Singer, J., Alea, N., Labunko-Messier, B., & Baddeley, J. (2015). Mutuality and the marital engagement-type of union scale (me to us): Empirical support for a clinical instrument in couple therapy. In K. Skerrett & K. Fergus (Eds.), Couple resilience: Emerging perspectives (pp. 123–137) Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer.

Skerrett, K. (1996). From isolation to mutuality: A feminist collaborative model for couple therapy. Women & Therapy, 19, 93–106.

Skerrett, K. (2003). Couple dialogues with illness: Expanding the “we”. Families, Systems & Health, 21, 69–80.

Skerrett, K. (2004). Moving toward We: Promise & peril. In W. Rosen & M. Walker (Eds.),How connections heal New York: Guilford Press.

Skerrett, K. (2013). Resilient relationships: Cultivating the healing potential of couple stories. In J. Jordan & J. Carlson (Eds.), Creating connection: A relational-cultural approach with couples (pp. 45–60). New York: Routledge.

Valentich, M. Feminist theory and social work practice. Social Work Treatment: Interlocking Theoretical Approaches, 5th ed, 205-224.

Waltz, C., & Bausell, R.B. (1983). Nursing Research: design, statistics and computer analysis. 1st Edition, F.A. Davis Co; Philadelphia.

Zayas, L. H., Bright, C. L., Álvarez-Sánchez, T., & Cabassa, L. J. (2009). Acculturation, familism and mother–daughter relations among suicidal and non-suicidal adolescent Latinas. The journal of primary prevention, 30(3-4), 351-369.

 

 

Reference

Agnew, C. R., Van Lange, P. A. M., Rusbult, C. E., & Langston, C. A. (1998). Cognitive interdependence: Commitment and the mental representation of close relationships.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(4), 939–954.

Alexander, C. (2007). You are what you do. Journal of Relational Child and Youth Care Practice, (20)3, 17-21.

Aron, A., & Aron, E. N. (1986). Love as the expansion of the self: Understanding attraction and satisfaction. New York: Hemisphere

 Baddeley, J. L., Berry, M., & Singer, J. A. (2013). Mutuality and Marital Adjustment, Well-Being, and Health in Military Couples. The military psuchologist, 28(3), 19-25.

Bodenmann, G., Plancherel, B., Beach, S. R. H., Widmer, K., Gabriel, B., Meuwly, N., Charvoz, L., Hautzinger, M., & Schramm, E. (2008). Effects of coping-oriented couple therapy on depression: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(6), 944-954.

Coan, J. A., Kasle, S., Jackson, A., Schaefer, H. S., & Davidson, R. J. (2013). Mutuality and the social regulation of neural threat responding. Attachment & human development, 15(3), 303-315.

Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (1992). A First Course in Factor Analysis (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Engler, B. (2014). Personality Theories: An Introduction, Ninth Edition, International Edition. 171-177.

Feeney, B. C. (2007). The dependency paradox in close relationships: Accepting dependence promotes independence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 268–285.

Fergus, K. (2015). Theoretical and Methodological Underpinnings of Resilience in Couples: Locating the ‘We’ Couple Resilience (pp. 23-42): Springer.

Fergus, K., & Skerrett, K. (2015). Resilient couple coping revisited: Building relationship muscle. In Couple Resilience (pp. 199-210). Springer Netherlands.

Freedberg, S. (2009). Relational theory for social work practice: A feminist perspective: Routledge.

Gildersleeve, S. (2015). Capturing the "We-ness" of Happy Couples through Narrative Analysis. Psychology Honors Papers. Paper 52. htp://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/psychhp/52

Godwin, K. M., Swank, P. R., Vaeth, P., & Ostwald, S. K. (2013). The longitudinal and dyadic effects of mutuality on perceived stress for stroke survivors and their spousal caregivers. Aging and Mental Health, 17(4), 423-431.

 Gottman, J. M. (2011). The science of trust: Emotional attunement for couples. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Co

Gottman, J. M., & Silver, N. (1999). The seven principles for making marriage work. New York: Three Rivers Press.

Josselson, R. (1992). The space between us: Exploring the dimensions of human relationships. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Kayser, K., Watson, L. E., & Andrade, J. T. (2007). Cancer as a" we-disease": Examining the process of coping from a relational perspective. Families, Systems, & Health, 25(4), 404.

Khalouiee, S., Fallahchai, R., Moazen Jami, A. (In Press). Psychometric properties and the factor structure of Mutual Psychological Development Questionnaire (MPDQ) among Iranian married people. (In Persian).

Kianfard, M., et al (2014). Prediction of positive and negative affect from sexual satisfaction and couple burnout factors in the staff. J. Life Sci. Biomed. 4(6), 536- 540. (In Persian).

 Kinnear, P. R., & Gray, C. D. (2004). IBM SPSS statistics 19 made simple: Psychology Press.

Kline, R. (2010). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, 3rd edn Guilford Press. New York. USA.. ISBN, 1965705777.

Kruger, D. J. (2015). Non‐Mammalian Infants Requiring Parental Care Elicit Greater Human Caregiving Reactions Than Superprecocial Infants Do. Ethology, 121(8), 769-774.

Kyle, R. (1999). Basic concepts of confirmatory factor analysis. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southwest Education Research Association, San Antonio, TX.

Ledermann, T., Bodenmann, G., Gagliardi, S., Charvoz, L., Verardi, S., Rossier, J., Iafrate, R. (2010). Psychometrics of the Dyadic Coping Inventory in three language groups. Swiss Journal of Psychology/Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Psychologie/Revue Suisse de Psychologie, 69(4), 201.

Maidment, J. (2006). The quiet remedy: A dialogue on reshaping professional relationships. Families in Society: the journal of contemporary social services, 87(1), 115-121.

Meyers, L.S., Gamest, G., & Goarin, A.J. (2006). Applied multivariate research, design and interpretation, thousand oaks. CA: Sage Publications.

Naderi, F., & Azadmanesh, P. (2012). The comparison of marital burnout, family function and intimacy in woman and man staff. Journal social psychology (new findings in psychology), 7(22). (In Persian).

Naeem, S. (2008). Marital Burnout relationship, intimate relationship with spouse and marital conflicts with violence against women in the city of Ilam. Master's Thesis, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. (In Persian).

Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. (1994). Validity. Psychometric theory, 3.

Ogden, T. H. (2004). The analytic third: Implications for psychoanalytic theory and technique. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 73(1), 167-195.

Oladi, Z. (2011).The effectiveness of group therapy based on reality therapy in reducing of burnout and increasing of marital satisfaction in married women. Master's Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (In Persian).

Pines A. M. (1996). Couple burnout: Causes and cures. London:  Routledge, ISBNO-415-916. 32-1.

Pines, A. M., Neal, B., Hammer, L. B., & Icekson, T. (2011). Job burnout and couple burnout in dual-earner couple in the sandwiched generation. Journal of Social Psychology Quarterly, 74,361_386.

Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 30(4), 459-467.

Reid, D. W., Dalton, E. J., Laderoute, K., Doell, F. K., & Nguyen, T. (2006). Therapeutically induced changes in couple identity: The role of we-ness and interpersonal processing in relationship satisfaction. Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs, 132, 241–284.

 Rohrbaugh, M. J., Mehl, M. R., Shoham, V., Reilly, E. S., & Ewy, G. A. (2008). Prognosticsignificance of spouse we talk in couples coping with heart failure. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(5), 781–789.

Rohrbaugh, M. J., Shoham, V., Skoyen, J. A., Jensen, M., & Mehl, M. R. (2012). We-talk,communal coping, and cessation success in a couple-focused intervention for health compromised smokers. Family Process, 51(1), 107-121.

Sarnoff, I., & Sarnoff, S. (1989). Love-centered marriage in a self-centered world. New York: Hemisphere Pub. Corp.

Sharifi, M, Karasouli S, Beshlideh, K. (2011). Attribution retraining effectiveness in reducing fatigue and the likelihood of divorce and marital couples divorce. Journal of counseling and family therapy, 1(2), 212-225 (In Persian).

 Siegel, D. J. (2012). The developing mind: How relationships and the brain interact to shape who we are (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.

Singer, J. A., & Skerrett, K. (2014). Positive couple therapy: Using ‘we’ stories to enhance resilience. New York: Routledge.

Singer, J., Alea, N., Labunko-Messier, B., & Baddeley, J. (2015). Mutuality and the marital engagement-type of union scale (me to us): Empirical support for a clinical instrument in couple therapy. In K. Skerrett & K. Fergus (Eds.), Couple resilience: Emerging perspectives (pp. 123–137) Dordrecht, the Netherlands: Springer.

Skerrett, K. (1996). From isolation to mutuality: A feminist collaborative model for couple therapy. Women & Therapy, 19, 93–106.

Skerrett, K. (2003). Couple dialogues with illness: Expanding the “we”. Families, Systems & Health, 21, 69–80.

Skerrett, K. (2004). Moving toward We: Promise & peril. In W. Rosen & M. Walker (Eds.),How connections heal New York: Guilford Press.

Skerrett, K. (2013). Resilient relationships: Cultivating the healing potential of couple stories. In J. Jordan & J. Carlson (Eds.), Creating connection: A relational-cultural approach with couples (pp. 45–60). New York: Routledge.

Valentich, M. Feminist theory and social work practice. Social Work Treatment: Interlocking Theoretical Approaches, 5th ed, 205-224.

Waltz, C., & Bausell, R.B. (1983). Nursing Research: design, statistics and computer analysis. 1st Edition, F.A. Davis Co; Philadelphia.

Zayas, L. H., Bright, C. L., Álvarez-Sánchez, T., & Cabassa, L. J. (2009). Acculturation, familism and mother–daughter relations among suicidal and non-suicidal adolescent Latinas. The journal of primary prevention, 30(3-4), 351-369.

 

 

 

 

Reference

Agnew, C. R., Van Lange, P. A. M., Rusbult, C. E., & Langston, C. A. (1998). Cognitive interdependence: Commitment and the mental representation of close relationships.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74(4), 939–954.

Alexander, C. (2007). You are what you do. Journal of Relational Child and Youth Care Practice, (20)3, 17-21.

Aron, A., & Aron, E. N. (1986). Love as the expansion of the self: Understanding attraction and satisfaction. New York: Hemisphere

 Baddeley, J. L., Berry, M., & Singer, J. A. (2013). Mutuality and Marital Adjustment, Well-Being, and Health in Military Couples. The military psuchologist, 28(3), 19-25.

Bodenmann, G., Plancherel, B., Beach, S. R. H., Widmer, K., Gabriel, B., Meuwly, N., Charvoz, L., Hautzinger, M., & Schramm, E. (2008). Effects of coping-oriented couple therapy on depression: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 76(6), 944-954.

Coan, J. A., Kasle, S., Jackson, A., Schaefer, H. S., & Davidson, R. J. (2013). Mutuality and the social regulation of neural threat responding. Attachment & human development, 15(3), 303-315.

Comrey, A. L., & Lee, H. B. (1992). A First Course in Factor Analysis (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.

Engler, B. (2014). Personality Theories: An Introduction, Ninth Edition, International Edition. 171-177.

Feeney, B. C. (2007). The dependency paradox in close relationships: Accepting dependence promotes independence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92, 268–285.

Fergus, K. (2015). Theoretical and Methodological Underpinnings of Resilience in Couples: Locating the ‘We’ Couple Resilience (pp. 23-42): Springer.

Fergus, K., & Skerrett, K. (2015). Resilient couple coping revisited: Building relationship muscle. In Couple Resilience (pp. 199-210). Springer Netherlands.

Freedberg, S. (2009). Relational theory for social work practice: A feminist perspective: Routledge.

Gildersleeve, S. (2015). Capturing the "We-ness" of Happy Couples through Narrative Analysis. Psychology Honors Papers. Paper 52. htp://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/psychhp/52

Godwin, K. M., Swank, P. R., Vaeth, P., & Ostwald, S. K. (2013). The longitudinal and dyadic effects of mutuality on perceived stress for stroke survivors and their spousal caregivers. Aging and Mental Health, 17(4), 423-431.

 Gottman, J. M. (2011). The science of trust: Emotional attunement for couples. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Co

Gottman, J. M., & Silver, N. (1999). The seven principles for making marriage work. New York: Three Rivers Press.

Josselson, R. (1992). The space between us: Exploring the dimensions of human relationships. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.

Kayser, K., Watson, L. E., & Andrade, J. T. (2007). Cancer as a" we-disease": Examining the process of coping from a relational perspective. Families, Systems, & Health, 25(4), 404.

Khalouiee, S., Fallahchai, R., Moazen Jami, A. (In Press). Psychometric properties and the factor structure of Mutual Psychological Development Questionnaire (MPDQ) among Iranian married people. (In Persian).

Kianfard, M., et al (2014). Prediction of positive and negative affect from sexual satisfaction and couple burnout factors in the staff. J. Life Sci. Biomed. 4(6), 536- 540. (In Persian).

 Kinnear, P. R., & Gray, C. D. (2004). IBM SPSS statistics 19 made simple: Psychology Press.

Kline, R. (2010). Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, 3rd edn Guilford Press. New York. USA.. ISBN, 1965705777.

Kruger, D. J. (2015). Non‐Mammalian Infants Requiring Parental Care Elicit Greater Human Caregiving Reactions Than Superprecocial Infants Do. Ethology, 121(8), 769-774.

Kyle, R. (1999). Basic concepts of confirmatory factor analysis. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southwest Education Research Association, San Antonio, TX.

Ledermann, T., Bodenmann, G., Gagliardi, S., Charvoz, L., Verardi, S., Rossier, J., Iafrate, R. (2010). Psychometrics of the Dyadic Coping Inventory in three language groups. Swiss Journal of Psychology/Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Psychologie/Revue Suisse de Psychologie, 69(4), 201.

Maidment, J. (2006). The quiet remedy: A dialogue on reshaping professional relationships. Families in Society: the journal of contemporary social services, 87(1), 115-121.

Meyers, L.S., Gamest, G., & Goarin, A.J. (2006). Applied multivariate research, design and interpretation, thousand oaks. CA: Sage Publications.

Naderi, F., & Azadmanesh, P. (2012). The comparison of marital burnout, family function and intimacy in woman and man staff. Journal social psychology (new findings in psychology), 7(22). (In Persian).

Naeem, S. (2008). Marital Burnout relationship, intimate relationship with spouse and marital conflicts with violence against women in the city of Ilam. Master's Thesis, Islamic Azad University of Ahvaz. (In Persian).

Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. (1994). Validity. Psychometric theory, 3.

Ogden, T. H. (2004). The analytic third: Implications for psychoanalytic theory and technique. The Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 73(1), 167-195.

Oladi, Z. (2011).The effectiveness of group therapy based on reality therapy in reducing of burnout and increasing of marital satisfaction in married women. Master's Thesis, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (In Persian).

Pines A. M. (1996). Couple burnout: Causes and cures. London:  Routledge, ISBNO-415-916. 32-1.

Pines, A. M., Neal, B., Hammer, L. B., & Icekson, T. (2011). Job burnout and couple burnout in dual-earner couple in the sandwiched generation. Journal of Social Psychology Quarterly, 74,361_386.

Polit, D. F., Beck, C. T., & Owen, S. V. (2007). Is the CVI an acceptable indicator of content validity? Appraisal and recommendations. Research in nursing & health, 30(4), 459-467.

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